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Latchoumane CFV, Betancur MI, Simchick GA, Sun MK, Forghani R, Lenear CE, Ahmed A, Mohankumar R, Balaji N, Mason HD, Archer-Hartmann SA, Azadi P, Holmes PV, Zhao Q, Bellamkonda RV, Karumbaiah L. Engineered glycomaterial implants orchestrate large-scale functional repair of brain tissue chronically after severe traumatic brain injury. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/10/eabe0207. [PMID: 33674306 PMCID: PMC7935369 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) survivors experience permanent functional disabilities due to significant volume loss and the brain's poor capacity to regenerate. Chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans (CS-GAGs) are key regulators of growth factor signaling and neural stem cell homeostasis in the brain. However, the efficacy of engineered CS (eCS) matrices in mediating structural and functional recovery chronically after sTBI has not been investigated. We report that neurotrophic factor functionalized acellular eCS matrices implanted into the rat M1 region acutely after sTBI significantly enhanced cellular repair and gross motor function recovery when compared to controls 20 weeks after sTBI. Animals subjected to M2 region injuries followed by eCS matrix implantations demonstrated the significant recovery of "reach-to-grasp" function. This was attributed to enhanced volumetric vascularization, activity-regulated cytoskeleton (Arc) protein expression, and perilesional sensorimotor connectivity. These findings indicate that eCS matrices implanted acutely after sTBI can support complex cellular, vascular, and neuronal circuit repair chronically after sTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles-Francois V Latchoumane
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Edgar L. Rhodes Center for ADS, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Martha I Betancur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Gregory A Simchick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Min Kyoung Sun
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Division of Neuroscience, Biomedical & Health Sciences Institute, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Rameen Forghani
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Christopher E Lenear
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Edgar L. Rhodes Center for ADS, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Aws Ahmed
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Edgar L. Rhodes Center for ADS, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ramya Mohankumar
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Nivedha Balaji
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Hannah D Mason
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Philip V Holmes
- Division of Neuroscience, Biomedical & Health Sciences Institute, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Psychology Department, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Qun Zhao
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ravi V Bellamkonda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Lohitash Karumbaiah
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
- Edgar L. Rhodes Center for ADS, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Division of Neuroscience, Biomedical & Health Sciences Institute, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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