|
1
|
Bonilha I, Gomes ÉIL, Carmo HRP, Breder I, Barreto J, Breder J, Munhoz DB, Carvalho LSF, Quinaglia T, Kimura-Medorima ST, Gossi CM, Zimetti F, Nadruz W, Zanotti I, Sposito AC. Effect of Empagliflozin with or without the Addition of Evolocumab on HDL Subspecies in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Post Hoc Analysis of the EXCEED-BHS3 Trial. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4108. [PMID: 38612917 PMCID: PMC11012560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Evolocumab and empagliflozin yield a modest rise in plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) through unknown mechanisms. This study aims to assess the effect of evolocumab plus empagliflozin vs. empagliflozin alone on HDL subspecies isolated from individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). This post hoc prespecified analysis of the EXCEED-BHS3 trial compared the effects of a 16-week therapy with empagliflozin (E) alone or in combination with evolocumab (EE) on the lipid profile and cholesterol content in HDL subspecies in individuals with T2D divided equally into two groups of 55 patients. Both treatments modestly increased HDL-C. The cholesterol content in HDL subspecies 2a (7.3%), 3a (7.2%) and 3c (15%) increased from baseline in the E group, while the EE group presented an increase from baseline in 3a (9.3%), 3b (16%) and 3c (25%). The increase in HDL 3b and 3c was higher in the EE group when compared to the E group (p < 0.05). No significant interactive association was observed between changes in hematocrit and HDL-C levels after treatment. Over a 16-week period, empagliflozin with or without the addition of evolocumab led to a modest but significant increase in HDL-C. The rise in smaller-sized HDL particles was heterogeneous amongst the treatment combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Bonilha
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis (Aterolab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Sao Paulo 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (É.I.L.G.); (H.R.P.C.); (I.B.); (J.B.); (J.B.); (D.B.M.); (L.S.F.C.); (T.Q.); (S.T.K.-M.); (C.M.G.)
| | - Érica Ivana Lázaro Gomes
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis (Aterolab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Sao Paulo 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (É.I.L.G.); (H.R.P.C.); (I.B.); (J.B.); (J.B.); (D.B.M.); (L.S.F.C.); (T.Q.); (S.T.K.-M.); (C.M.G.)
| | - Helison R. P. Carmo
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis (Aterolab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Sao Paulo 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (É.I.L.G.); (H.R.P.C.); (I.B.); (J.B.); (J.B.); (D.B.M.); (L.S.F.C.); (T.Q.); (S.T.K.-M.); (C.M.G.)
| | - Ikaro Breder
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis (Aterolab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Sao Paulo 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (É.I.L.G.); (H.R.P.C.); (I.B.); (J.B.); (J.B.); (D.B.M.); (L.S.F.C.); (T.Q.); (S.T.K.-M.); (C.M.G.)
| | - Joaquim Barreto
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis (Aterolab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Sao Paulo 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (É.I.L.G.); (H.R.P.C.); (I.B.); (J.B.); (J.B.); (D.B.M.); (L.S.F.C.); (T.Q.); (S.T.K.-M.); (C.M.G.)
| | - Jessica Breder
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis (Aterolab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Sao Paulo 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (É.I.L.G.); (H.R.P.C.); (I.B.); (J.B.); (J.B.); (D.B.M.); (L.S.F.C.); (T.Q.); (S.T.K.-M.); (C.M.G.)
| | - Daniel B. Munhoz
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis (Aterolab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Sao Paulo 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (É.I.L.G.); (H.R.P.C.); (I.B.); (J.B.); (J.B.); (D.B.M.); (L.S.F.C.); (T.Q.); (S.T.K.-M.); (C.M.G.)
- Cardiovascular Center Aalst, OLV Clinic, 9300 Aalst, Belgium
| | - Luiz Sergio F. Carvalho
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis (Aterolab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Sao Paulo 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (É.I.L.G.); (H.R.P.C.); (I.B.); (J.B.); (J.B.); (D.B.M.); (L.S.F.C.); (T.Q.); (S.T.K.-M.); (C.M.G.)
| | - Thiago Quinaglia
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis (Aterolab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Sao Paulo 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (É.I.L.G.); (H.R.P.C.); (I.B.); (J.B.); (J.B.); (D.B.M.); (L.S.F.C.); (T.Q.); (S.T.K.-M.); (C.M.G.)
| | - Sheila T. Kimura-Medorima
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis (Aterolab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Sao Paulo 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (É.I.L.G.); (H.R.P.C.); (I.B.); (J.B.); (J.B.); (D.B.M.); (L.S.F.C.); (T.Q.); (S.T.K.-M.); (C.M.G.)
| | - Camila Moreira Gossi
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis (Aterolab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Sao Paulo 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (É.I.L.G.); (H.R.P.C.); (I.B.); (J.B.); (J.B.); (D.B.M.); (L.S.F.C.); (T.Q.); (S.T.K.-M.); (C.M.G.)
| | - Francesca Zimetti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (F.Z.); (I.Z.)
| | - Wilson Nadruz
- Division of Cardiology, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Sao Paulo 13083-887, Brazil;
| | - Ilaria Zanotti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (F.Z.); (I.Z.)
| | - Andrei C. Sposito
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis (Aterolab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Sao Paulo 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (É.I.L.G.); (H.R.P.C.); (I.B.); (J.B.); (J.B.); (D.B.M.); (L.S.F.C.); (T.Q.); (S.T.K.-M.); (C.M.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Ugovšek S, Rehberger Likozar A, Levstek T, Trebušak Podkrajšek K, Zupan J, Šebeštjen M. Haplotype of the Lipoprotein(a) Gene Variants rs10455872 and rs3798220 Is Associated with Parameters of Coagulation, Fibrinolysis, and Inflammation in Patients after Myocardial Infarction and Highly Elevated Lipoprotein(a) Values. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:736. [PMID: 38255810 PMCID: PMC10815733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is an independent risk factor for future coronary events. Variants rs10455872 and rs3798220 in the gene encoding Lp(a) are associated with an increased Lp(a) concentration and risk of coronary artery disease. We aimed to determine whether in high-risk coronary artery disease patients these two genetic variants and the kringle IV type 2 (KIV-2) repeats are associated with impairment of inflammatory and hemostatic parameters. Patients after myocardial infarction with elevated Lp(a) levels were included. Blood samples underwent biochemical and genetic analyses. In carriers of the AC haplotype, the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (4.46 vs. 3.91 ng/L, p = 0.046) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) (p = 0.026) were significantly higher compared to non-carriers. The number of KIV-2 repeats was significantly associated with the concentration of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (ρ = 0.251, p = 0.038) and overall fibrinolytic potential (r = -0.253, p = 0.038). In our patients, a direct association between the AC haplotype and both TNF-α and PAI-1 levels was observed. Our study shows that the number of KIV-2 repeats not only affects proatherosclerotic and proinflammatory effects of Lp(a) but is also associated with its antifibrinolytic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Ugovšek
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andreja Rehberger Likozar
- Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Tina Levstek
- Laboratory for Translational Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (T.L.); (K.T.P.)
- Clinical Institute for Special Laboratory Diagnostics, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 1, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katarina Trebušak Podkrajšek
- Laboratory for Translational Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (T.L.); (K.T.P.)
- Clinical Institute for Special Laboratory Diagnostics, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 1, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janja Zupan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Miran Šebeštjen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Darkow E, Yusuf D, Rajamani S, Backofen R, Kohl P, Ravens U, Peyronnet R. Meta-Analysis of Mechano-Sensitive Ion Channels in Human Hearts: Chamber- and Disease-Preferential mRNA Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10961. [PMID: 37446137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiac cell mechanical environment changes on a beat-by-beat basis as well as in the course of various cardiac diseases. Cells sense and respond to mechanical cues via specialized mechano-sensors initiating adaptive signaling cascades. With the aim of revealing new candidates underlying mechano-transduction relevant to cardiac diseases, we investigated mechano-sensitive ion channels (MSC) in human hearts for their chamber- and disease-preferential mRNA expression. Based on a meta-analysis of RNA sequencing studies, we compared the mRNA expression levels of MSC in human atrial and ventricular tissue samples from transplant donor hearts (no cardiac disease), and from patients in sinus rhythm (underlying diseases: heart failure, coronary artery disease, heart valve disease) or with atrial fibrillation. Our results suggest that a number of MSC genes are expressed chamber preferentially, e.g., CHRNE in the atria (compared to the ventricles), TRPV4 in the right atrium (compared to the left atrium), CACNA1B and KCNMB1 in the left atrium (compared to the right atrium), as well as KCNK2 and KCNJ2 in ventricles (compared to the atria). Furthermore, 15 MSC genes are differentially expressed in cardiac disease, out of which SCN9A (lower expressed in heart failure compared to donor tissue) and KCNQ5 (lower expressed in atrial fibrillation compared to sinus rhythm) show a more than twofold difference, indicative of possible functional relevance. Thus, we provide an overview of cardiac MSC mRNA expression in the four cardiac chambers from patients with different cardiac diseases. We suggest that the observed differences in MSC mRNA expression may identify candidates involved in altered mechano-transduction in the respective diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Darkow
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg∙Bad Krozingen, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Dilmurat Yusuf
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Sridharan Rajamani
- Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, CA 91320, USA
| | - Rolf Backofen
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Peter Kohl
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg∙Bad Krozingen, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Ursula Ravens
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg∙Bad Krozingen, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Rémi Peyronnet
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg∙Bad Krozingen, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| |
Collapse
|