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Harvey I, Richard AJ, Mendoza TM, Stephens JM. Adipocyte STAT5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 5) is not required for glucocorticoid-induced metabolic dysfunction. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 325:E438-E447. [PMID: 37702737 PMCID: PMC10864007 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00116.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Excess glucocorticoid (GC) signaling in adipose tissue is a key driver of insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis, but underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) signaling in adipocytes has also been implicated in the progression of similar metabolic disturbances. Although STAT5 has been shown to interact with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in many cell types including adipocytes, the relevance of the STAT5/GR complex has not been investigated in adipocytes. Adult male and female adipocyte-specific STAT5 knockout (STAT5AKO) and floxed mice were given corticosterone (CORT) or vehicle in their drinking water for 1 wk and examined for differences in their metabolic responses to GC excess. CORT-induced lipolysis, insulin resistance, and changes in body composition were comparable between genotypes and in both sexes. Adipocyte STAT5 is not necessary for GC-mediated progression of metabolic disease.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Both STAT5 and glucocorticoid receptor contribute to metabolic processes and type 2 diabetes, in large part, due to their functions in adipocytes. These two transcription factors can form a complex and function together. Our novel studies determined the role of adipocyte STAT5 in glucocorticoid-induced diabetes. We observed that STAT5 in adipocytes is not needed for glucocorticoid-induced diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Innocence Harvey
- Adipocyte Biology Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Allison J Richard
- Adipocyte Biology Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Tamra M Mendoza
- Adipocyte Biology Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Jacqueline M Stephens
- Adipocyte Biology Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
- Biological Sciences Department, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
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Charvet CJ, Ofori K, Falcone C, Rigby Dames BA. Transcription, structure, and organoids translate time across the lifespan of humans and great apes. PNAS Nexus 2023; 2:pgad230. [PMID: 37554928 PMCID: PMC10406161 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
How the neural structures supporting human cognition developed and arose in evolution is an enduring question of interest. Yet, we still lack appropriate procedures to align ages across primates, and this lacuna has hindered progress in understanding the evolution of biological programs. We generated a dataset of unprecedented size consisting of 573 time points from abrupt and gradual changes in behavior, anatomy, and transcription across human and 8 nonhuman primate species. We included time points from diverse human populations to capture within-species variation in the generation of cross-species age alignments. We also extracted corresponding ages from organoids. The identification of corresponding ages across the lifespan of 8 primate species, including apes (e.g., orangutans, gorillas) and monkeys (i.e., marmosets, macaques), reveals that some biological pathways are extended in humans compared with some nonhuman primates. Notably, the human lifespan is unusually extended relative to studied nonhuman primates demonstrating that very old age is a phase of life in humans that does not map to other studied primate species. More generally, our work prompts a reevaluation in the choice of a model system to understand aging given very old age in humans is a period of life without a clear counterpart in great apes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine J Charvet
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, 1130 Wire Road, Auburn, 36832, AL, USA
| | - Kwadwo Ofori
- Department of Biology, Delaware State University, 1200 N. Dupont Highway, Dover, DE, 19901, USA
| | - Carmen Falcone
- Department of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea, 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Brier A Rigby Dames
- Department of Computer Science, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
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Maglinger B, Harp JP, Frank JA, Rupareliya C, McLouth CJ, Pahwa S, Sheikhi L, Dornbos D, Trout AL, Stowe AM, Fraser JF, Pennypacker KR. Inflammatory-associated proteomic predictors of cognitive outcome in subjects with ELVO treated by mechanical thrombectomy. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:214. [PMID: 37280551 PMCID: PMC10243077 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03253-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion (ELVO) stroke causes devastating vascular events which can lead to significant cognitive decline and dementia. In the subset of ELVO subjects treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) at our institution, we aimed to identify systemic and intracranial proteins predictive of cognitive function at time of discharge and at 90-days. These proteomic biomarkers may serve as prognostic indicators of recovery, as well as potential targets for novel/existing therapeutics to be delivered during the subacute stage of stroke recovery. METHODS At the University of Kentucky Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Sciences, the BACTRAC tissue registry (clinicaltrials.gov; NCT03153683) of human biospecimens acquired during ELVO stroke by MT is utilized for research. Clinical data are collected on each enrolled subject who meets inclusion criteria. Blood samples obtained during thrombectomy were sent to Olink Proteomics for proteomic expression values. Montreal Cognitive Assessments (MoCA) were evaluated with categorical variables using ANOVA and t-tests, and continuous variables using Pearson correlations. RESULTS There were n = 52 subjects with discharge MoCA scores and n = 28 subjects with 90-day MoCA scores. Several systemic and intracranial proteins were identified as having significant correlations to discharge MoCA scores as well as 90-day MoCA scores. Highlighted proteins included s-DPP4, CCL11, IGFBP3, DNER, NRP1, MCP1, and COMP. CONCLUSION We set out to identify proteomic predictors and potential therapeutic targets related to cognitive outcomes in ELVO subjects undergoing MT. Here, we identify several proteins which predicted MoCA after MT, which may serve as therapeutic targets to lessen post-stroke cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benton Maglinger
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jordan P Harp
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jacqueline A Frank
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | | | - Shivani Pahwa
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lila Sheikhi
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - David Dornbos
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Amanda L Trout
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ann M Stowe
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Justin F Fraser
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Keith R Pennypacker
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Building BBSRB, Office B383, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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Geitgey DK, Lee M, Cottrill KA, Jaffe M, Pilcher W, Bhasin S, Randall J, Ross AJ, Salemi M, Castillo-Castrejon M, Kilgore MB, Brown AC, Boss JM, Johnston R, Fitzpatrick AM, Kemp ML, English R, Weaver E, Bagchi P, Walsh R, Scharer CD, Bhasin M, Chandler JD, Haynes KA, Wellberg EA, Henry CJ. The 'omics of obesity in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2023; 2023:12-29. [PMID: 37139973 PMCID: PMC10157791 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The obesity pandemic currently affects more than 70 million Americans and more than 650 million individuals worldwide. In addition to increasing susceptibility to pathogenic infections (eg, SARS-CoV-2), obesity promotes the development of many cancer subtypes and increases mortality rates in most cases. We and others have demonstrated that, in the context of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), adipocytes promote multidrug chemoresistance. Furthermore, others have demonstrated that B-ALL cells exposed to the adipocyte secretome alter their metabolic states to circumvent chemotherapy-mediated cytotoxicity. To better understand how adipocytes impact the function of human B-ALL cells, we used a multi-omic RNA-sequencing (single-cell and bulk transcriptomic) and mass spectroscopy (metabolomic and proteomic) approaches to define adipocyte-induced changes in normal and malignant B cells. These analyses revealed that the adipocyte secretome directly modulates programs in human B-ALL cells associated with metabolism, protection from oxidative stress, increased survival, B-cell development, and drivers of chemoresistance. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of mice on low- and high-fat diets revealed that obesity suppresses an immunologically active B-cell subpopulation and that the loss of this transcriptomic signature in patients with B-ALL is associated with poor survival outcomes. Analyses of sera and plasma samples from healthy donors and those with B-ALL revealed that obesity is associated with higher circulating levels of immunoglobulin-associated proteins, which support observations in obese mice of altered immunological homeostasis. In all, our multi-omics approach increases our understanding of pathways that may promote chemoresistance in human B-ALL and highlight a novel B-cell-specific signature in patients associated with survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaney K Geitgey
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Miyoung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kirsten A Cottrill
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maya Jaffe
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - William Pilcher
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Swati Bhasin
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica Randall
- Emory Integrated Computational Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anthony J Ross
- Riley Children’s Health, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michelle Salemi
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of California Davis Genome Center, Davis, 95616, CA
| | - Marisol Castillo-Castrejon
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Matthew B Kilgore
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ayjha C Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeremy M Boss
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rich Johnston
- Emory Integrated Computational Core, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anne M Fitzpatrick
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Melissa L Kemp
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Integrated Proteomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Eric Weaver
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Columbia, MD, USA
| | - Pritha Bagchi
- Emory Integrated Proteomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ryan Walsh
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Columbia, MD, USA
| | - Christopher D Scharer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Manoj Bhasin
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Joshua D Chandler
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Karmella A Haynes
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Wellberg
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Curtis J Henry
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Gaurav R, Mikuls TR, Thiele GM, Nelson AJ, Niu M, Guda C, Eudy JD, Barry AE, Wyatt TA, Romberger DJ, Duryee MJ, England BR, Poole JA. High-throughput analysis of lung immune cells in a combined murine model of agriculture dust-triggered airway inflammation with rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0240707. [PMID: 33577605 PMCID: PMC7880471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated lung disease is a leading cause of mortality in RA, yet the mechanisms linking lung disease and RA remain unknown. Using an established murine model of RA-associated lung disease combining collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) with organic dust extract (ODE)-induced airway inflammation, differences among lung immune cell populations were analyzed by single cell RNA-sequencing. Additionally, four lung myeloid-derived immune cell populations including macrophages, monocytes/macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils were isolated by fluorescence cell sorting and gene expression was determined by NanoString analysis. Unsupervised clustering revealed 14 discrete clusters among Sham, CIA, ODE, and CIA+ODE treatment groups: 3 neutrophils (inflammatory, resident/transitional, autoreactive/suppressor), 5 macrophages (airspace, differentiating/recruited, recruited, resident/interstitial, and proliferative airspace), 2 T-cells (differentiating and effector), and a single cluster each of inflammatory monocytes, dendritic cells, B-cells and natural killer cells. Inflammatory monocytes, autoreactive/suppressor neutrophils, and recruited/differentiating macrophages were predominant with arthritis induction (CIA and CIA+ODE). By specific lung cell isolation, several interferon-related and autoimmune genes were disproportionately expressed among CIA and CIA+ODE (e.g. Oasl1, Oas2, Ifit3, Gbp2, Ifi44, and Zbp1), corresponding to RA and RA-associated lung disease. Monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells were reduced, while complement genes (e.g. C1s1 and Cfb) were uniquely increased in CIA+ODE mice across cell populations. Recruited and inflammatory macrophages/monocytes and neutrophils expressing interferon-, autoimmune-, and complement-related genes might contribute towards pro-fibrotic inflammatory lung responses following airborne biohazard exposures in setting of autoimmune arthritis and could be predictive and/or targeted to reduce disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Gaurav
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Ted R. Mikuls
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Geoffrey M. Thiele
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Amy J. Nelson
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Meng Niu
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Chittibabu Guda
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - James D. Eudy
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Austin E. Barry
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Todd A. Wyatt
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural & Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Debra J. Romberger
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Duryee
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Bryant R. England
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Jill A. Poole
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
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Youssef A, Dudhipala N, Majumdar S. Ciprofloxacin Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Incorporated into In-Situ Gels to Improve Management of Bacterial Endophthalmitis. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E572. [PMID: 32575524 PMCID: PMC7356176 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial endophthalmitis (BE) is a potentially sight-threatening inflammatory reaction of the intraocular fluids or tissues caused by bacteria. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) eye drops are prescribed as first-line therapy in BE. However, frequent administration is necessary due to precorneal loss and poor ocular bioavailability. The objective of the current research was to prepare CIP containing nanostructured lipid carriers (CIP-NLCs) loaded an in situ gel system (CIP-NLC-IG) for topical ocular administration for enhanced and sustained antibacterial activity in BE treatment. CIP-NLCs were prepared by the hot homogenization method and optimized based on physicochemical characteristics and physical stability. The optimized CIP-NLC formulation was converted into CIP-NLC-IG with the addition of gellan gum as a gelling agent. Furthermore, optimized CIP-NLC and CIP-NLC-IG were evaluated for in vitro release and ex vivo transcorneal permeation studies, using commercial CIP ophthalmic solution (CIP-C) as the control. The optimized CIP-NLC formulation showed particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, assay and entrapment efficiency of 193.1 ± 5.1 nm, 0.43 ± 0.01, -32.5 ± 1.5 mV, 99.5 ± 5.5 and 96.3 ± 2.5%, respectively. CIP-NLC-IG with 0.2% w/v gellan gum showed optimal viscoelastic characteristics. The in vitro release studies demonstrated sustained release of CIP from CIP-NLC and CIP-NLC-IG formulations over a 24 h period. Transcorneal flux and permeability increased 4 and 3.5-fold, and 2.2 and 1.9-fold from CIP-NLC and CIP-NLC-IG formulations, respectively, when compared to CIP-C. The results demonstrate that CIP-NLC-IG could be considered as an alternate delivery system to prolong the residence time on the ocular surface after topical administration. Thus, the current CIP ophthalmic formulations may exhibit improved ocular bioavailability and prolonged antibacterial activity, which may improve therapeutic outcomes in the treatment of BE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Youssef
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA;
| | - Narendar Dudhipala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA;
| | - Soumyajit Majumdar
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA;
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
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7
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Ren N, Chen L, Li B, Rankin GO, Chen YC, Tu Y. Purified Tea ( Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) Flower Saponins Induce the p53-Dependent Intrinsic Apoptosis of Cisplatin-Resistant Ovarian Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4324. [PMID: 32560563 PMCID: PMC7352341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is currently ranked at fifth in cancer deaths among women. Patients who have undergone cisplatin-based chemotherapy can experience adverse effects or become resistant to treatment, which is a major impediment for ovarian cancer treatment. Natural products from plants have drawn great attention in the fight against cancer recently. In this trial, purified tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) flower saponins (PTFSs), whose main components are Chakasaponin I and Chakasaponin IV, inhibited the growth and proliferation of ovarian cancer cell lines A2780/CP70 and OVCAR-3. Flow cytometry, caspase activity and Western blotting analysis suggested that such inhibitory effects of PTFSs on ovarian cancer cells were attributed to the induction of cell apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway rather than extrinsic pathway. The p53 protein was then confirmed to play an important role in PTFS-induced intrinsic apoptosis, and the levels of its downstream proteins such as caspase families, Bcl-2 families, Apaf-1 and PARP were regulated by PTFS treatment. In addition, the upregulation of p53 expression by PTFSs were at least partly induced by DNA damage through the ATM/Chk2 pathway. The results help us to understand the mechanisms underlying the effects of PTFSs on preventing and treating platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ren
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China; (N.R.); (L.C.); (B.L.)
- College of Health, Science, Technology and Mathematics, Alderson Broaddus University, 101 College Hill Drive, Philippi, WV 26416, USA
| | - Lianfu Chen
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China; (N.R.); (L.C.); (B.L.)
- College of Health, Science, Technology and Mathematics, Alderson Broaddus University, 101 College Hill Drive, Philippi, WV 26416, USA
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China; (N.R.); (L.C.); (B.L.)
| | - Gary O. Rankin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA;
| | - Yi Charlie Chen
- College of Health, Science, Technology and Mathematics, Alderson Broaddus University, 101 College Hill Drive, Philippi, WV 26416, USA
| | - Youying Tu
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China; (N.R.); (L.C.); (B.L.)
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