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Prasanna PG, Citrin DE, Hildesheim J, Ahmed MM, Venkatachalam S, Riscuta G, Xi D, Zheng G, van Deursen J, Goronzy J, Kron SJ, Anscher MS, Sharpless NE, Campisi J, Brown SL, Niedernhofer LJ, O’Loghlen A, Georgakilas AG, Paris F, Gius D, Gewirtz DA, Schmitt CA, Abazeed ME, Kirkland JL, Richmond A, Romesser PB, Lowe SW, Gil J, Mendonca MS, Burma S, Zhou D, Coleman CN. Therapy-Induced Senescence: Opportunities to Improve Anticancer Therapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 2021; 113:1285-1298. [PMID: 33792717 PMCID: PMC8486333 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djab064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is an essential tumor suppressive mechanism that prevents the propagation of oncogenically activated, genetically unstable, and/or damaged cells. Induction of tumor cell senescence is also one of the underlying mechanisms by which cancer therapies exert antitumor activity. However, an increasing body of evidence from preclinical studies demonstrates that radiation and chemotherapy cause accumulation of senescent cells (SnCs) both in tumor and normal tissue. SnCs in tumors can, paradoxically, promote tumor relapse, metastasis, and resistance to therapy, in part, through expression of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. In addition, SnCs in normal tissue can contribute to certain radiation- and chemotherapy-induced side effects. Because of its multiple roles, cellular senescence could serve as an important target in the fight against cancer. This commentary provides a summary of the discussion at the National Cancer Institute Workshop on Radiation, Senescence, and Cancer (August 10-11, 2020, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD) regarding the current status of senescence research, heterogeneity of therapy-induced senescence, current status of senotherapeutics and molecular biomarkers, a concept of "one-two punch" cancer therapy (consisting of therapeutics to induce tumor cell senescence followed by selective clearance of SnCs), and its integration with personalized adaptive tumor therapy. It also identifies key knowledge gaps and outlines future directions in this emerging field to improve treatment outcomes for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dan Xi
- National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Guangrong Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Jorg Goronzy
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ana O’Loghlen
- Epigenetics & Cellular Senescence Group; Blizard Institute; Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry; Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Zografou, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Francois Paris
- Universite de Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France
| | - David Gius
- University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Mohamed E Abazeed
- Johannes Kepler University, 4020, Linz, Austria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ann Richmond
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Veterans Affairs, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Paul B Romesser
- Translational Research Division, Department of Radiation Oncology and Early Drug Development Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Hospital, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jesus Gil
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), and Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 ONN, UK
| | - Marc S Mendonca
- Departments of Radiation Oncology & Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, IUPUI, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sandeep Burma
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Biochemistry & Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Daohong Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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