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Teixeira LLA, Araujo RO, Santos JL, Guimaraes MN, Ribeiro VML, Pocrifka LA, Tenório JAS, de Araujo JR, de Oliveira SM, do Nascimento Batista L, de Souza LKC. Production of solid acid catalyst using waste cigarette filters for esterification. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:8072-8081. [PMID: 38175508 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Cigarette filters were utilized as carbon source for the production of solid carbon acid catalysts. In this study, the process of carbonization and simultaneous sulfonation via hydrothermal treatment was employed. The catalysts were prepared by mixing cigarette filters and sulfuric acid at temperatures of 100, 150, and 190 °C for durations ranging from 2 to 8 h. It was observed that the highest conversion of oleic acid occurred when the catalyst was synthesized at 190 °C for 4 h. The optimized conditions for the esterification reaction using this catalyst included an oleic acid to methanol molar ratio of 1:12, a catalyst loading of 5 wt%, and a temperature of 100 °C for 1 h. Additionally, the catalyst was successfully reused four times without significantly impacting the reaction yield. These findings highlight a promising approach for the utilization of waste materials, with immediate implications for waste management practices and positive environmental impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rayanne O Araujo
- Coordination of Technology and Innovation, National Institute for Amazon Research, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Jamily L Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leandro A Pocrifka
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Jorge Alberto S Tenório
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Joyce R de Araujo
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz K C de Souza
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
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Price DJ, Nekkab N, Monteiro WM, Villela DAM, Simpson JA, Lacerda MVG, White MT, Devine A. Tafenoquine following G6PD screening versus primaquine for the treatment of vivax malaria in Brazil: A cost-effectiveness analysis using a transmission model. PLoS Med 2024; 21:e1004255. [PMID: 38194420 PMCID: PMC10775976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria transmission modelling has demonstrated the potential impact of semiquantitative glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) testing and treatment with single-dose tafenoquine for Plasmodium vivax radical cure but has not investigated the associated costs. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of P. vivax treatment with tafenoquine after G6PD testing using a transmission model. METHODS AND FINDINGS We explored the cost-effectiveness of using tafenoquine after G6PD screening as compared to usual practice (7-day low-dose primaquine (0.5 mg/kg/day) without G6PD screening) in Brazil using a 10-year time horizon with 5% discounting considering 4 scenarios: (1) tafenoquine for adults only assuming 66.7% primaquine treatment adherence; (2) tafenoquine for adults and children aged >2 years assuming 66.7% primaquine adherence; (3) tafenoquine for adults only assuming 90% primaquine adherence; and (4) tafenoquine for adults only assuming 30% primaquine adherence. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were estimated by dividing the incremental costs by the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) averted. These were compared to a willingness to pay (WTP) threshold of US$7,800 for Brazil, and one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. All 4 scenarios were cost-effective in the base case analysis using this WTP threshold with ICERs ranging from US$154 to US$1,836. One-way sensitivity analyses showed that the results were most sensitive to severity and mortality due to vivax malaria, the lifetime and number of semiquantitative G6PD analysers needed, cost per malaria episode and per G6PD test strips, and life expectancy. All scenarios had a 100% likelihood of being cost-effective at the WTP threshold. The main limitations of this study are due to parameter uncertainty around our cost estimates for low transmission settings, the costs of G6PD screening, and the severity of vivax malaria. CONCLUSIONS In our modelling study that incorporated impact on transmission, tafenoquine prescribed after a semiquantitative G6PD testing was highly likely to be cost-effective in Brazil. These results demonstrate the potential health and economic importance of ensuring safe and effective radical cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Price
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Narimane Nekkab
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wuelton M. Monteiro
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Carlos Borborema, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Daniel A. M. Villela
- Programa de Computacão Científica, Fundacão Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Julie A. Simpson
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marcus V. G. Lacerda
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Carlos Borborema, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Instituto Leônidas & Maria Deane–ILMD, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Michael T. White
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, G5 Épidémiologie et Analyse des Maladies Infectieuses, Département de Santé Globale, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Angela Devine
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- Melbourne Health Economics, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Beltrão NPF, de Castro Ferraz Junior MV. Lipids in the reproduction of sires. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:324. [PMID: 37749437 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03720-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The main class of nutritional interest for lipids are fatty acids (FA), which correspond to 90% of triglycerides, the main form of lipid storage in both plants and animals. FAs serve as a source of energy in the diet of cattle; however, they also have an important non-caloric effect on animal organisms as they are important components of the physical and functional structures of cells and participate in the composition of steroid hormones. As such, research has studied the improvement of semen quality through the provision of polyunsaturated FAs in bull diets, as well as the use of FAs in semen extenders in order to reduce damage to sperm cells, which can alter lipid composition and the quality of frozen sperm. Therefore, the objective of this work was to review the effectiveness of lipids on reproductive efficiency, based on their effects on semen quality and hormonal production. Supplementation with polyunsaturated FAs positively alters semen composition and in vitro fertility; however, results vary according to the type of FA used, the method of administration, and its quality. Fish oil and linseed oil showed better results in qualitative parameters in fresh and thawed semen. The use of cyclodextrins to incorporate or extract cholesterol from plasma membranes can also improve the viability of cryopreserved semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelma Pinheiro Fragata Beltrão
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, 69080-900, Brazil
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de Araújo Santos FJ, da Silva LS, Júnior JDES, Ramos de Mesquita TG, de Souza MLG, de Andrade Júnior MC, Talhari S, Ramasawmy R. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the genes IL-2, IL-2RB, and JAK3 in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (V.) guyanensis in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220572. [PMID: 31393896 PMCID: PMC6687158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. In endemic areas, only a portion of exposed subjects develops cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), suggesting that the genetic inheritance of the host plays a vital role in both resistance and susceptibility to the disease. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a cytokine that plays a central role in the regulation of the immune response in infection through the axis IL-2/IL-2R (receptor) complex, triggering a series of intracellular events, among which the signaling of Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT). The present study aimed at verifying the possible relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism (s) (SNP s) in the genes IL-2, IL-2RB, and JAK3 in subjects with CL caused by Leishmania guyanensis in the city of Manaus, state of Amazonas, Brazil. 820 patients with CL and 850 healthy subjects (control group) coming from the same endemic areas as the patients were examined. The SNPs -2425G/A (rs4833248) and -330 T/G (rs2069762), located in the IL-2 gene promoter region, seem to influence the expression of the gene and the SNP +10558G/A (rs1003694) and +13295T/C (rs3212760) located in the 3rd intron of the IL-2RB gene and the 13th intron of the JAK3 gene, respectively, were studied by PCR-RFLP. Genotypes and alleles frequencies were obtained by direct counting. For the comparison between the two groups, the χ2 test with OR (odds ratio) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were used. Similar genotypes and alleles frequencies for the different SNPs were observed in both patients with CL and healthy controls. Comparison of genotypic and allelic frequency between patients with CL and healthy subjects did not show any difference. These polymorphisms do not predict susceptibility to, or protection against the development of CL caused by L. guyanensis in the Amazonas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Jules de Araújo Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Lener Santos da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Tirza Gabrielle Ramos de Mesquita
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Moacir Couto de Andrade Júnior
- Post-Graduation Department, Nilton Lins University, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Department of Food Technology, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Sinésio Talhari
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Rajendranath Ramasawmy
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação de Imunologia Básica, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Nilton Lins University, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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