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Synnes A, Lam MM, Ricci MF, Church P, Simard MN, Zwicker JG, Luu TM. How to measure patient and family important outcomes in extremely preterm infants: A scoping review. Acta Paediatr 2024. [PMID: 38578009 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
AIM Parents of children born preterm have identified outcomes to be measured for audit and research at 18-24 months of age: child well-being, quality of life/function, socio-emotional/behavioural outcomes, respiratory, feeding, sleeping, and caregiver mental health. The aim was to identify the best tools to measure these seven domains. METHODS Seven working groups completed literature reviews and evaluated potential tools to measure these outcomes in children aged 18-24 months. A group of experts and parents voted on the preferred tools in a workshop and by questionnaire. Consensus was 80% agreement. RESULTS Consensus was obtained for seven brief, inexpensive, parent friendly valid measures available in English or French for use in a minimum dataset and potential alternative measures for use in funded research. CONCLUSION Valid questionnaires and tools to measure parent-identified outcomes in young preterm children exist. This study will facilitate research and collection of data important to families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Synnes
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Women's Hospital and BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mei Mei Lam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Florencia Ricci
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, and Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Paige Church
- Boston Children's Hospital and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marie-Noelle Simard
- School of rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jill G Zwicker
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Women's Hospital and BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Thuy Mai Luu
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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2
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Tsai CC, Jette S, Tremlett H. Disease-modifying therapies used to treat multiple sclerosis and the gut microbiome: a systematic review. J Neurol 2024; 271:1108-1123. [PMID: 38078977 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-12107-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome may play a role in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, its relationship with the disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) remains unclear. We systematically reviewed the literature to examine the relationship between DMTs and the gut microbiota among persons with MS (pwMS). METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched (01/2007-09/2022) for studies evaluating potential gut microbiota differences in diversity, taxonomic relative abundances, and functional capacity between DMT-exposed/unexposed pwMS or before/after DMT initiation. All US FDA-approved MS DMTs (1993-09/2022) and rituximab were included. RESULTS Of the 410 studies, 11 were included, totalling 1243 pwMS. Of these, 821 were DMT exposed and 473 unexposed, including 51 assessed before/after DMT initiation. DMT use duration ranged from 14 days to > 6 months. No study found a difference in gut microbiota alpha-diversity between DMT exposed/unexposed (p > 0.05). One study observed a difference in beta-diversity between interferon-beta users/DMT non-users (weighted UniFrac, p = 0.006). All studies examined taxa-level differences, but most (6) combined different DMTs. Two or more studies reported eight genera (Actinomyces, Bacteroides, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Haemophilus, Megasphaera, Pseudomonas, Ruminiclostridium 5, Turicibacter) and one species (Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans) differing in the same direction between DMT exposed/unexposed. DMT users had lower relative abundances of carbohydrate degradation and reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle I pathway than non-users (p < 0.05), but findings could not be attributed to a specific DMT. DISCUSSION While DMT use (versus no use) was not associated with gut microbiota diversity differences, taxa-level differences were observed. Further work is warranted, as most studies were cross-sectional, few examined functionality, and DMTs were combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chen Tsai
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Room S126, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 317-2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sophia Jette
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Room S126, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Helen Tremlett
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Room S126, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada.
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3
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Shopsowitz K, Lofroth J, Chan G, Kim J, Rana M, Brinkman R, Weng A, Medvedev N, Wang X. MAGIC-DR: An interpretable machine-learning guided approach for acute myeloid leukemia measurable residual disease analysis. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 2024. [PMID: 38415807 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.22168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Multiparameter flow cytometry is widely used for acute myeloid leukemia minimal residual disease testing (AML MRD) but is time consuming and demands substantial expertise. Machine learning offers potential advancements in accuracy and efficiency, but has yet to be widely adopted for this application. To explore this, we trained single cell XGBoost classifiers from 98 diagnostic AML cell populations and 30 MRD negative samples. Performance was assessed by cross-validation. Predictions were integrated with UMAP as a heatmap parameter for an augmented/interactive AML MRD analysis framework, which was benchmarked against traditional MRD analysis for 25 test cases. The results showed that XGBoost achieved a median AUC of 0.97, effectively distinguishing diverse AML cell populations from normal cells. When integrated with UMAP, the classifiers highlighted MRD populations against the background of normal events. Our pipeline, MAGIC-DR, incorporated classifier predictions and UMAP into flow cytometry standard (FCS) files. This enabled a human-in-the-loop machine learning guided MRD workflow. Validation against conventional analysis for 25 MRD samples showed 100% concordance in myeloid blast detection, with MAGIC-DR also identifying several immature monocytic populations not readily found by conventional analysis. In conclusion, Integrating a supervised classifier with unsupervised dimension reduction offers a robust method for AML MRD analysis that can be seamlessly integrated into conventional workflows. Our approach can support and augment human analysis by highlighting abnormal populations that can be gated on for quantification and further assessment. This has the potential to speed up MRD analysis, and potentially improve detection sensitivity for certain AML immunophenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Shopsowitz
- Division of Hematopathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of pathology and laboratory medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jack Lofroth
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Chan
- Division of Hematopathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jubin Kim
- Terry Fox Lab, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Makhan Rana
- Division of Hematopathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ryan Brinkman
- Terry Fox Lab, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew Weng
- Department of pathology and laboratory medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Terry Fox Lab, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nadia Medvedev
- Division of Hematopathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of pathology and laboratory medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Xuehai Wang
- Division of Hematopathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of pathology and laboratory medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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4
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Quintard C, Tubbs E, Jonsson G, Jiao J, Wang J, Werschler N, Laporte C, Pitaval A, Bah TS, Pomeranz G, Bissardon C, Kaal J, Leopoldi A, Long DA, Blandin P, Achard JL, Battail C, Hagelkruys A, Navarro F, Fouillet Y, Penninger JM, Gidrol X. A microfluidic platform integrating functional vascularized organoids-on-chip. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1452. [PMID: 38365780 PMCID: PMC10873332 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45710-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of vascular networks in microfluidic chips is crucial for the long-term culture of three-dimensional cell aggregates such as spheroids, organoids, tumoroids, or tissue explants. Despite rapid advancement in microvascular network systems and organoid technologies, vascularizing organoids-on-chips remains a challenge in tissue engineering. Most existing microfluidic devices poorly reflect the complexity of in vivo flows and require complex technical set-ups. Considering these constraints, we develop a platform to establish and monitor the formation of endothelial networks around mesenchymal and pancreatic islet spheroids, as well as blood vessel organoids generated from pluripotent stem cells, cultured for up to 30 days on-chip. We show that these networks establish functional connections with the endothelium-rich spheroids and vascular organoids, as they successfully provide intravascular perfusion to these structures. We find that organoid growth, maturation, and function are enhanced when cultured on-chip using our vascularization method. This microphysiological system represents a viable organ-on-chip model to vascularize diverse biological 3D tissues and sets the stage to establish organoid perfusions using advanced microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Quintard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG/BGE, BIOMICS, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia (BC), Canada
| | - Emily Tubbs
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG/BGE, BIOMICS, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Gustav Jonsson
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, IMBA, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Eric Kandel Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jie Jiao
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia (BC), Canada
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia (BC), Canada
| | - Nicolas Werschler
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia (BC), Canada
| | - Camille Laporte
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG/BGE, BIOMICS, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Amandine Pitaval
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG/BGE, BIOMICS, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Thierno-Sidy Bah
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG, BGE, Gen&Chem, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Gideon Pomeranz
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | | | - Joris Kaal
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Alexandra Leopoldi
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, IMBA, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Eric Kandel Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David A Long
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Pierre Blandin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Achard
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LEGI, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Astrid Hagelkruys
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, IMBA, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Eric Kandel Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fabrice Navarro
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Yves Fouillet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, DTBS, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia (BC), Canada.
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, IMBA, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030, Vienna, Austria.
- Eric Kandel Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Xavier Gidrol
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG/BGE, BIOMICS, 38000, Grenoble, France.
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Heffernan A, Hu A. Spasmodic Dysphonia Patients' Perception of Pain with Botulinum Toxin Injections. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:240-246. [PMID: 37409790 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate spasmodic dysphonia patients' perception of pain associated with laryngeal botulinum toxin (BTX) injections and to determine factors associated with higher pain scores relative to other included patients. METHODS Prospective cohort study. Adult patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia that presented to a tertiary laryngology practice for BTX injections were recruited from March to July 2022. Patients completed the visual analog scale (VAS) pre-procedure to quantify predicted pain. Ten minutes post-procedure they completed VAS and the short form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ). Factors that may affect pain were extracted from charts. Descriptive statistics, univariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS One hundred and nineteen patients were included (63 ± 14 yo, 26% Male). SF-MPQ reported mild pain (4.12 ± 4.05 out of 45) with a pain intensity of none to mild (0.70 ± 0.89 out of 5). Bilateral injections yielded significantly higher SF-MPQ scores (5.19 ± 4.66) than unilateral injections (3.30 ± 3.30) (p = 0.012). There was a significant VAS reduction from pre 28.9 ± 24.6 mm (out of 10 mm) to post 24.5 ± 22.3 (p < 0.001). On multiple regression analyses, receiving a bilateral injection significantly (p < 0.05) contributed to a model that predicted higher pre-VAS (p = 0.013). Bilateral injections (p < 0.05) and higher VHI-10 (p < 0.05) contributed to a model that predicted higher total SF-MPQ (p = 0.001) and affective SF-MPQ (p = 0.001) scores. Not being a professional voice user (PVU) significantly (p < 0.05) contributed to a model that predicted higher post-VAS (p = 0.008) scores. CONCLUSIONS BTX injections were well tolerated with low pain scores. Factors associated with higher relative predicted or experienced pain included bilateral versus unilateral injection, PVU status, and higher VHI-10. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 134:240-246, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Heffernan
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amanda Hu
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Tung LW, Groppa E, Soliman H, Lin B, Chang C, Cheung CW, Ritso M, Guo D, Rempel L, Sinha S, Eisner C, Brassard J, McNagny K, Biernaskie J, Rossi F. Spatiotemporal signaling underlies progressive vascular rarefaction in myocardial infarction. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8498. [PMID: 38129410 PMCID: PMC10739910 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44227-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic angiogenesis represents a promising avenue to revascularize the ischemic heart. Its limited success is partly due to our poor understanding of the cardiac stroma, specifically mural cells, and their response to ischemic injury. Here, we combine single-cell and positional transcriptomics to assess the behavior of mural cells within the healing heart. In response to myocardial infarction, mural cells adopt an altered state closely associated with the infarct and retain a distinct lineage from fibroblasts. This response is concurrent with vascular rarefaction and reduced vascular coverage by mural cells. Positional transcriptomics reveals that the infarcted heart is governed by regional-dependent and temporally regulated programs. While the remote zone acts as an important source of pro-angiogenic signals, the infarct zone is accentuated by chronic activation of anti-angiogenic, pro-fibrotic, and inflammatory cues. Together, our work unveils the spatiotemporal programs underlying cardiac repair and establishes an association between vascular deterioration and mural cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wei Tung
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Elena Groppa
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Borea Therapeutics, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Via Bonomea, 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Hesham Soliman
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Aspect Biosystems, 1781 W 75th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V6P 6P2, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Bruce Lin
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Chihkai Chang
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Chun Wai Cheung
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Morten Ritso
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - David Guo
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lucas Rempel
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sarthak Sinha
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christine Eisner
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Julyanne Brassard
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kelly McNagny
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Jeff Biernaskie
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Fabio Rossi
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Marzoughi S, Ripsman D, Ong M. Therapeutic effects of 7- to 14-day subanesthetic ketamine infusions for chronic pain on standardized psychiatric measures. Pain Manag 2023; 13:529-538. [PMID: 37656045 DOI: 10.2217/pmt-2023-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: We have previously shown that subanesthetic ketamine infusions effectively reduce refractory pain. However, the effects of ketamine infusions on comorbid conditions of depression and anxiety have not been explored in this patient population. Methods: We investigated the effects of ketamine on mood and anxiety in patients with refractory chronic pain treated with 7-14 days of subanesthetic continuous intravenous ketamine infusions, using well-validated clinical scales. Results: There was a significant 52% reduction in pain severity and 33% reduction in pain interference scores following ketamine treatment. Ketamine treatment also reduced scores on the depression module of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) by 28% and scores on the Generalised Anxiety and Depression Assessment (GAD-7) by 36%. Conclusion: Multiday subanesthetic ketamine infusions effectively reduce pain, anxiety and depression in patients with complex chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Marzoughi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - David Ripsman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - May Ong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
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Narayan SK, Tsang VWL, Qian Y. Reflecting on earlier affected areas that shaped COVID-19 mental health efforts. Discov Ment Health 2022; 2:17. [PMID: 35832641 PMCID: PMC9272644 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-022-00020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious public health threat that many countries in the world are facing. While several measures are being taken to minimize the spread of infection, mental health efforts must address psychological challenges due to the pandemic. This commentary reflects on original research from earlier epicenters of COVID-19 and identifies effective practices and suggestions applicable to mental health interventions in the North American context. Tailored mental health services need to be provided for populations that are at high risk of infection. Suggested interventions targeting specific population groups, such as healthcare workers, COVID-19 patients, and vulnerable populations, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawna K. Narayan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, #420-5950 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Vivian W. L. Tsang
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, #420-5950 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
- T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, United States
| | - Yue Qian
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of Arts, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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He Z, Ghorayeb R, Tan S, Chen K, Lorentzian AC, Bottyan J, Aalam SMM, Pujana MA, Lange PF, Kannan N, Eaves CJ, Maxwell CA. Pathogenic BRCA1 variants disrupt PLK1-regulation of mitotic spindle orientation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2200. [PMID: 35459234 PMCID: PMC9033786 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29885-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Preneoplastic mammary tissues from human female BRCA1 mutation carriers, or Brca1-mutant mice, display unexplained abnormalities in luminal differentiation. We now study the division characteristics of human mammary cells purified from female BRCA1 mutation carriers or non-carrier donors. We show primary BRCA1 mutant/+ cells exhibit defective BRCA1 localization, high radiosensitivity and an accelerated entry into cell division, but fail to orient their cell division axis. We also analyse 15 genetically-edited BRCA1 mutant/+ human mammary cell-lines and find that cells carrying pathogenic BRCA1 mutations acquire an analogous defect in their division axis accompanied by deficient expression of features of mature luminal cells. Importantly, these alterations are independent of accumulated DNA damage, and specifically dependent on elevated PLK1 activity induced by reduced BRCA1 function. This essential PLK1-mediated role of BRCA1 in controlling the cell division axis provides insight into the phenotypes expressed during BRCA1 tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengcheng He
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ryan Ghorayeb
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Susanna Tan
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amanda C Lorentzian
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jack Bottyan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Syed Mohammed Musheer Aalam
- Division of Experimental Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Miguel Angel Pujana
- ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Oncobell, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Philipp F Lange
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nagarajan Kannan
- Division of Experimental Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Connie J Eaves
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher A Maxwell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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