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Bianchetti G, Cefalo CMA, Ferreri C, Sansone A, Vitale M, Serantoni C, Abeltino A, Mezza T, Ferraro PM, De Spirito M, Riccardi G, Giaccari A, Maulucci G. Erythrocyte membrane fluidity: A novel biomarker of residual cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14121. [PMID: 37929812 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Improving the composition of circulating fatty acids (FA) leads to a reduction in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in high-risk individuals. The membrane fluidity of red blood cells (RBC), which reflects circulating FA status, may be a valid biomarker of cardiovascular (CV) risk in type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS Red blood cell membrane fluidity, quantified as general polarization (GP), was assessed in 234 subjects with T2D, 86 with prior major CVD. Based on GP distribution, a cut-off of .445 was used to divide the study cohort into two groups: the first with higher GP, called GEL, and the second, defined as lower GP (LGP). Lipidomic analysis was performed to evaluate FA composition of RBC membranes. RESULTS Although with comparable CV risk factors, the LGP group had a greater percentage of patients with major CVD than the GEL group (40% vs 24%, respectively, p < .05). Moreover, in a logistic regression analysis, a lower GP value was independently associated with the presence of macrovascular complications. Lipidomic analysis showed a clear shift of LGP membranes towards a pro-inflammatory condition due to higher content of arachidonic acid and increased omega 6/omega 3 index. CONCLUSIONS Increased membrane fluidity is associated with a higher CV risk in subjects with T2D. If confirmed in prospective studies, membrane fluidity could be a new biomarker for residual CV risk assessment in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Bianchetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biophysics Section, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Maria Assunta Cefalo
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Ferreri
- CNR ISOF, National Research Council, ISOF, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Sansone
- CNR ISOF, National Research Council, ISOF, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marilena Vitale
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cassandra Serantoni
- Department of Neurosciences, Biophysics Section, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Abeltino
- Department of Neurosciences, Biophysics Section, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Mezza
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Manuel Ferraro
- Unit of Nephrology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Department of Neurosciences, Biophysics Section, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Riccardi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Giaccari
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Department of Neurosciences, Biophysics Section, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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