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Zhang C, Pan C, Chan KF, Gao J, Yang Z, Leung KKC, Jin D, Wang Y, Xia N, Ning Z, Wang X, Jiang S, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Hao B, Chiu PWY, Zhang L. Wirelessly powered deformable electronic stent for noninvasive electrical stimulation of lower esophageal sphincter. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eade8622. [PMID: 36888700 PMCID: PMC9995080 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade8622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrical stimulation is a promising method to modulate gastrointestinal disorders. However, conventional stimulators need invasive implantation and removal surgeries associated with risks of infection and secondary injuries. Here, we report a battery-free and deformable electronic esophageal stent for wireless stimulation of the lower esophageal sphincter in a noninvasive fashion. The stent consists of an elastic receiver antenna infilled with liquid metal (eutectic gallium-indium), a superelastic nitinol stent skeleton, and a stretchable pulse generator that jointly enables 150% axial elongation and 50% radial compression for transoral delivery through the narrow esophagus. The compliant stent adaptive to the dynamic environment of the esophagus can wirelessly harvest energy through deep tissue. Continuous electrical stimulations delivered by the stent in vivo using pig models significantly increase the pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter. The electronic stent provides a noninvasive platform for bioelectronic therapies in the gastrointestinal tract without the need for open surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chengfeng Pan
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Kai Fung Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Chow Yuk Ho Technology Center for Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Multi-Scale Medical Robotics Center, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jinyang Gao
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhengxin Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kevin Kai Chung Leung
- Multi-Scale Medical Robotics Center, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dongdong Jin
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuqiong Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Neng Xia
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhipeng Ning
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zifeng Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qinglong Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bo Hao
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Philip Wai Yan Chiu
- Chow Yuk Ho Technology Center for Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Multi-Scale Medical Robotics Center, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Multi-Scale Medical Robotics Center, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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