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Chen Z, Wu P, Wang J, Chen P, Fang Z, Luo F. The association of statin therapy and cancer: a meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:192. [PMID: 37950285 PMCID: PMC10636977 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01955-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Statins are routinely prescribed to lower cholesterol and have been demonstrated to have significant benefits in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, whether statin therapy has effects on cancer risk remains controversial. In this study, we investigated the influence of statin therapy on cancer incidence and mortality by conducting a comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. METHODS Systematic searches by Cochrane, Embase, Medline, and PubMed were performed to locate data from eligible randomized controlled trials related to statin therapy and oncology. Our main endpoints were cancer incidence and mortality. Fixed-effects models were used in this study. RESULTS This meta-analysis comprised thirty-five randomized controlled studies. Twenty-eight included studies reported cancer incidence, and eighteen reported cancer mortality. The pooled results indicated no reduction in cancer incidence with statins compared to placebo [OR = 0.99, 95% CI (0.95, 1.03)]. In addition, statins did not decrease cancer mortality [OR = 0.99, 95% CI (0.91, 1.07)]. This study also performed a number of subgroup analyses, which showed no effect of statins on cancer subtypes such as genitourinary and breast cancer. Neither the type of statin nor long-term treatment with statins had an effect on cancer incidence and mortality. CONCLUSION Through comprehensive analysis, we found that statin therapy does not reduce cancer incidence or mortality while protecting the cardiovascular system. TRIAL REGISTRATION Prospero CRD42022377871.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Chen
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, Hunan, China
| | - Panyun Wu
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Department of Health Management, Central South University, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei Chen
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenfei Fang
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Fei Luo
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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