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Ren L, Ouyang C, Zhao S, Zheng Q, Guo W, Fan B, Zhou J, Zhang W, Hu M, Li J, Li B. A Novel Polymer Nanoparticle Polydimethyl Diallyl Ammonium Chloride as An Adjuvant Enhances the Immune Response of SARS-CoV-2 Subunit Vaccine. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304575. [PMID: 38436662 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has a significant impact on global health and the economy. It has underscored the urgent need for a stable, easily produced and effective vaccine. This study presents a novel approach using SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein-conjugated nanoparticles (NPs) in combination with cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) (S-NPs-cGAMP) as a subunit vaccine. When mice are immunized, the antiserum of S-NPs-cGAMP group exhibits a 16-fold increase in neutralizing activity against a pseudovirus, compared to S protein group. Additionally, S-NPs-cGAMP induces even higher levels of neutralizing antibodies. Remarkably, the vaccine also triggers a robust humoral immune response, as evidenced by a notable elevation in virus-specific IgG and IgM antibodies. Furthermore, after 42 days of immunization, there is an observed increase in specific immune cell populations in the spleen. CD3+ CD4+ and CD3+ CD8+ T lymphocytes, as well as B220+ CD19+ and CD3- CD49b+ NK lymphocytes, show an upward trend, indicating a positive cellular immune response. Moreover, the S-NPs-cGAMP demonstrates promising results against the Delta strain and exhibits good cross-neutralization potential against other variants. These findings suggest that pDMDAAC NPs is potential adjuvant and could serve as a versatile platform for future vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | | | - Shuqing Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Qiqi Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Weilu Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Baochao Fan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhou
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Mi Hu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jizong Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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