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Kang H, Lee J, Moon J, Lee T, Kim J, Jeong Y, Lim EK, Jung J, Jung Y, Lee SJ, Lee KG, Ryu S, Kang T. Multiplex Detection of Foodborne Pathogens using 3D Nanostructure Swab and Deep Learning-Based Classification of Raman Spectra. Small 2024:e2308317. [PMID: 38564785 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Proactive management of foodborne illness requires routine surveillance of foodborne pathogens, which requires developing simple, rapid, and sensitive detection methods. Here, a strategy is presented that enables the detection of multiple foodborne bacteria using a 3D nanostructure swab and deep learning-based Raman signal classification. The nanostructure swab efficiently captures foodborne pathogens, and the portable Raman instrument directly collects the Raman signals of captured bacteria. a deep learning algorithm has been demonstrated, 1D convolutional neural network with binary labeling, achieves superior performance in classifying individual bacterial species. This methodology has been extended to mixed bacterial populations, maintaining accuracy close to 100%. In addition, the gradient-weighted class activation mapping method is used to provide an investigation of the Raman bands for foodborne pathogens. For practical application, blind tests are conducted on contaminated kitchen utensils and foods. The proposed technique is validated by the successful detection of bacterial species from the contaminated surfaces. The use of a 3D nanostructure swab, portable Raman device, and deep learning-based classification provides a powerful tool for rapid identification (≈5 min) of foodborne bacterial species. The detection strategy shows significant potential for reliable food safety monitoring, making a meaningful contribution to public health and the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju Kang
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyeong Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Moon
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Taegu Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jueun Kim
- Department of Energy Resources and Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University, 346 Jungang-ro, Samcheok, Gangwon-do, 25913, Republic of Korea
- Division of Nano-Bio Sensors/Chips Development, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonwoo Jeong
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Lim
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Jung
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongwon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Jae Lee
- Division of Nano-Bio Sensors/Chips Development, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung G Lee
- Division of Nano-Bio Sensors/Chips Development, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghwa Ryu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taejoon Kang
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
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Jung JW, Choi HS, Lee YJ, Kim Y, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Choi MY, Jang JH, Chung HS, Kim D, Kim Y, Cho CH. Defect Passivation of 2D Semiconductors by Fixating Chemisorbed Oxygen Molecules via h-BN Encapsulations. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2310197. [PMID: 38493313 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202310197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a key ingredient for various 2D van der Waals heterostructure devices, but the exact role of h-BN encapsulation in relation to the internal defects of 2D semiconductors remains unclear. Here, it is reported that h-BN encapsulation greatly removes the defect-related gap states by stabilizing the chemisorbed oxygen molecules onto the defects of monolayer WS2 crystals. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) combined with theoretical analysis clearly confirms that the oxygen molecules are chemisorbed onto the defects of WS2 crystals and are fixated by h-BN encapsulation, with excluding a possibility of oxygen molecules trapped in bubbles or wrinkles formed at the interface between WS2 and h-BN. Optical spectroscopic studies show that h-BN encapsulation prevents the desorption of oxygen molecules over various excitation and ambient conditions, resulting in a greatly lowered and stabilized free electron density in monolayer WS2 crystals. This suppresses the exciton annihilation processes by two orders of magnitude compared to that of bare WS2 . Furthermore, the valley polarization becomes robust against the various excitation and ambient conditions in the h-BN encapsulated WS2 crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Jung
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Seo Choi
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Young-Jun Lee
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Youngjae Kim
- School of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS), Seoul, 02455, South Korea
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Min-Yeong Choi
- Electron Microscopy and Spectroscopy Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, 34133, South Korea
| | - Jae Hyuck Jang
- Electron Microscopy and Spectroscopy Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, 34133, South Korea
- Graduate School of Analytic Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea
| | - Hee-Suk Chung
- Electron Microscopy and Spectroscopy Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, 34133, South Korea
| | - Dohun Kim
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Youngwook Kim
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hee Cho
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, South Korea
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Cheong K, Jo U, Hong WP, Lee JY. Fused Cycloalkyl Unit-Functionalized Tetradentate Pt(II) Complexes for Efficient and Narrow-Emitting Deep Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Small Methods 2024; 8:e2300862. [PMID: 37926779 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
A blue tetradentate Pt(II) complex named Pt-tmCyCz is developed by introducing a cycloalkyl unit fused to carbazole to improve the rigidity and bulkiness of the complex. The introduction of the tetramethylcyclohexyl (tmCy) group results in a narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM), a high horizontal emitting dipole orientation, doping concentration resistant stable spectrum, and extremely small efficiency roll-off, and little concentration quenching effect. Phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) doped with Pt-tmCyCz achieve a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 21.5%, with a small EQE roll-off of 3.8% up to 1000 cd m-2 , a small FWHM of 24 nm, and a color coordinate of (0.132, 0.138). Moreover, Pt-tmCyCz is investigated as a sensitizer in phosphor-sensitized OLEDs using N7 ,N7 ,N13 ,N13 ,5,9,11,15-octaphenyl-5,9,11,15-tetrahydro-5,9,11,15-tetraaza-19b,20b-diboradinaphtho[3,2,1-de:1',2',3'-jk]pentacene-7,13-diamine (νDABNA) as a terminal emitter. The Pt-tmCyCz:νDABNA device achieves a high EQE of 33.9%, with a small EQE roll-off of only 8.0% up to 1 000 cd m-2 . The results demonstrate that fused tmCy group in carbazole can be an effective building block for the development of high-performance Pt(II) complexes, which can be utilized as efficient phosphors or sensitizers in OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiun Cheong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Unhyeok Jo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Pyo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Gachon University, 1342, Seongnam-daero,Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yeob Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
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Kim G, Jeong DW, Lee G, Lee S, Ma KY, Hwang H, Jang S, Hong J, Pak S, Cha S, Cho D, Kim S, Lim J, Lee YW, Shin HS, Jang AR, Lee JO. Unusual Raman Enhancement Effect of Ultrathin Copper Sulfide. Small 2024; 20:e2306819. [PMID: 38152985 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
In surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), 2D materials are explored as substrates owing to their chemical stability and reproducibility. However, they exhibit lower enhancement factors (EFs) compared to noble metal-based SERS substrates. This study demonstrates the application of ultrathin covellite copper sulfide (CuS) as a cost-effective SERS substrate with a high EF value of 7.2 × 104 . The CuS substrate is readily synthesized by sulfurizing a Cu thin film at room temperature, exhibiting a Raman signal enhancement comparable to that of an Au noble metal substrate of similar thickness. Furthermore, computational simulations using the density functional theory are employed and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements are performed to investigate the enhancement mechanisms. The results indicate that polar covalent bonds (Cu─S) and strong interlayer interactions in the ultrathin CuS substrate increase the probability of charge transfer between the analyte molecules and the CuS surface, thereby producing enhanced SERS signals. The CuS SERS substrate demonstrates the selective detection of various dye molecules, including rhodamine 6G, methylene blue, and safranine O. Furthermore, the simplicity of CuS synthesis facilitates large-scale production of SERS substrates with high spatial uniformity, exhibiting a signal variation of less than 5% on a 4-inch wafer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwangwoo Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Du Won Jeong
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Gajeong-ro 141, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sungkyungkwan University (SKKU), Seobu-Ro 2066, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Geonhee Lee
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Gajeong-ro 141, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Suok Lee
- Department of Energy Systems, Soonchunhyang University, Soonchunhyang-ro 2, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Yeol Ma
- Department of Energy Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuntae Hwang
- Department of Energy Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun Jang
- Chemical Data-Driven Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Gajeong-ro 141, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - John Hong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kookmin University, Jeongneung-ro 77, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyeon Pak
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - SeungNam Cha
- Department of Physics, Sungkyungkwan University (SKKU), Seobu-Ro 2066, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghwi Cho
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Gajeong-ro 141, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunkyu Kim
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongchul Lim
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Lee
- Department of Energy Systems, Soonchunhyang University, Soonchunhyang-ro 2, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Suk Shin
- Department of Energy Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Rang Jang
- Division of Electrical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan-daero 1223-24, Cheonan, 31080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-O Lee
- Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Gajeong-ro 141, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
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Ryu U, Chien PN, Jang S, Trinh XT, Lee HS, Van Anh LT, Zhang XR, Giang NN, Van Long N, Nam SY, Heo CY, Choi KM. Zirconium-Based Metal-Organic Framework Capable of Binding Proinflammatory Mediators in Hydrogel Form Promotes Wound Healing Process through a Multiscale Adsorption Mechanism. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2301679. [PMID: 37931928 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of proinflammatory mediators has been explored to promote natural healing without abnormal inflammation or autoimmune response induced by their overproduction. However, most efforts to control these mediators have relied on pharmacological substances that are directly engaged in biological cycles. It is believed that functional porous materials removing target mediators provide a new way to promote the healing process using their adsorption mechanisms. In this study, the Zr-based metal-organic frameworks (MOF)-808 (Zr6 O4 (OH)4 (BTC)2 (HCOO)6 ) crystals are found to be effective at removing proinflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), cytokines, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro and in vivo, because of their porous structure and surface affinity. The MOF-808 crystals are applied to an in vivo skin wound model as a hydrogel dispersion. Hydrogel containing 0.2 wt% MOF-808 crystals shows significant improvement in terms of wound healing efficacy and quality over the corresponding control. It is also proven that the mode of action is to remove the proinflammatory mediators in vivo. Moreover, the application of MOF-808-containing hydrogels promotes cell activation, proliferation and inhibits chronic inflammation, leading to increased wound healing quality. These findings suggest that Zr-based MOFs may be a promising drug-free solution for skin problems related to proinflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- UnJin Ryu
- Industry Collaboration Center, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Pham Ngoc Chien
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Suin Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering & Institute of Advanced Materials & Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuan-Tung Trinh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Shin Lee
- R&D Center, LabInCube Co. Ltd., Cheongju, 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Le Thi Van Anh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Rui Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Ngan Giang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Van Long
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Nam
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Yeong Heo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering & Institute of Advanced Materials & Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
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Cheong K, Han SW, Lee JY. Tetradentate Pt(II) Complexes with Bulky Carbazole Moieties for High-Efficiency and Narrow-Emitting Blue Organic Light-Emitting Devices. Small Methods 2024:e2301710. [PMID: 38368260 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Blue tetradentate Pt(II) complexes, Pt-tBuCz and Pt-dipCz, are synthesized by introducing carbazoles with bulky substituents for improving the rigidity and inhibiting intermolecular interactions of phosphorescent emitter. tert-Butyl and 2,6-diisopropylphenyl groups are substituted as the blocking groups at 3 position of the carbazole in Pt-tBuCz and Pt-dipCz, respectively. These new phosphorescent emitters exhibit a narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) and a high horizontal emitting dipole orientation ratio. Pt-dipCz demonstrates a small FWHM of 24 nm, a high emitting dipole orientation ratio of 81%, and a high photoluminescence quantum yield value of 94%. As a result, the Pt-tBuCz and Pt-dipCz devices exhibited external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 23.7% and 25.0% with small FWHMs of 25 and 22 nm, respectively. For the Pt-dipCz device, the small FWHM and high EQE of >20% are maintained even at a doping concentration of 20 wt%. Furthermore, phosphor-sensitized organic light-emitting diodes fabricated using Pt-dipCz as a sensitizer achieved a high EQE of 31.4% with an FWHM of 18 nm. This result indicates that the 2,6-diisopropylphenyl group is a effective blocking group for Pt(II) complexes to develop highly efficient, color stable, doping concentration resistant, and efficiently sensitizing blue phosphors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiun Cheong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Han
- Department of Display Convergence Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yeob Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Display Convergence Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, Republic of Korea
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Jeon H, Jung M, Lee G, Hahn J. Aberration Estimation for Synthetic Aperture Digital Holographic Microscope Using Deep Neural Network. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:9278. [PMID: 38005665 PMCID: PMC10674498 DOI: 10.3390/s23229278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is a valuable technique for investigating the optical properties of samples through the measurement of intensity and phase of diffracted beams. However, DHMs are constrained by Lagrange invariance, compromising the spatial bandwidth product (SBP) which relates resolution and field of view. Synthetic aperture DHM (SA-DHM) was introduced to overcome this limitation, but it faces significant challenges such as aberrations in synthesizing the optical information corresponding to the steering angle of incident wave. This paper proposes a novel approach utilizing deep neural networks (DNNs) for compensating aberrations in SA-DHM, extending the compensation scope beyond the numerical aperture (NA) of the objective lens. The method involves training a DNN from diffraction patterns and Zernike coefficients through a circular aperture, enabling effective aberration compensation in the illumination beam. This method makes it possible to estimate aberration coefficients from the only part of the diffracted beam cutoff by the circular aperture mask. With the proposed technique, the simulation results present improved resolution and quality of sample images. The integration of deep neural networks with SA-DHM holds promise for advancing microscopy capabilities and overcoming existing limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joonku Hahn
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (H.J.); (M.J.); (G.L.)
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Khil J, Kim S, Lee M, Gil H, Kang SS, Lee DH, Kwon Y, Keum N. AHR rs4410790 genotype and IgG levels: Effect modification by lifestyle factors. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290700. [PMID: 37782632 PMCID: PMC10545101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a multifaceted marker resulting from complex interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors. Emerging evidence suggests Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) protein may be implicated in the regulation of immune system and inflammatory responses. To investigate whether rs4410790 genotype (TT, TC, CC) near AHR gene is related to serum IgG levels, a marker of chronic inflammation, and whether lifestyle factors modifies the relationship, we conducted a cross-sectional study by recruiting 168 Korean adults. Participants responded to a lifestyle questionnaire and provided oral epithelial cells and blood samples for biomarker assessment. Among these participants, C allele was the minor allele, with the minor allele frequency of 40%. The rs4410790 TT genotype was significantly associated with elevated IgG levels compared with TC/CC genotypes, after adjusting for potential confounders (p = 0.04). The relationship varied significantly by levels of alcohol consumption (P interaction = 0.046) and overweight/obese status (P interaction = 0.02), but not by smoking status (P interaction = 0.64) and coffee consumption (P interaction = 0.55). Specifically, higher IgG levels associated with the TT genotype were evident in frequent drinkers and individuals with BMI≥23kg/m2, but not in their counterparts. Thus, rs4410790 genotype may be associated with IgG levels and the genetic predisposition to higher IgG levels may be mitigated by healthy lifestyle factors like infrequent drinking and healthy weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Khil
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Soyoun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minhyeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeonmin Gil
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Seong Kang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngeun Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - NaNa Keum
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Kim SW, Lee HS, Jun DS, Lee SE, Lee JH, Lee HC. Enhancing the Plasma-Resistance Properties of Li 2O-Al 2O 3-SiO 2 Glasses for the Semiconductor Etch Process via Alkaline Earth Oxide Incorporation. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5112. [PMID: 37512386 PMCID: PMC10384723 DOI: 10.3390/ma16145112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
To develop plasma-resistant glass materials suitable for semiconductor etching processes, we introduced alkaline earth oxides (ROs) into a Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 (LAS) glass. Analysis of glass properties with respect to the additives revealed that among the analyzed materials, the LAS material in which Li2O was partially replaced by MgO (MLAS) exhibited the most favorable characteristics, including a low dielectric constant (6.3) and thermal expansion coefficient (2.302 × 10-6/°C). The high performance of MLAS is attributed to the high ionic field strength of Mg2+ ions, which restricts the movement of Li+ ions under the influence of electric fields and thermal vibrations at elevated temperatures. When exposed to CF4/O2/Ar plasma, the etching speed of RO-doped glasses decreased compared with that of quartz and LAS glass, primarily owing to the generation of a high-sublimation-point fluoride layer on the surface. Herein, MLAS demonstrated the slowest etching speed, indicating exceptional plasma resistance. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis conducted immediately after plasma etching revealed that the oxidation-to-fluorination ratio of Li was the lowest for MLAS. This observation suggests that the presence of Mg2+ ions in the plasma discharge inhibits the migration of Li+ ions toward the surface, thereby contributing to the excellent plasma resistance of MLAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Won Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Tech University of Korea, Siheung 15073, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Seok Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Tech University of Korea, Siheung 15073, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Sung Jun
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Tech University of Korea, Siheung 15073, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Eui Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Tech University of Korea, Siheung 15073, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung-Ho Lee
- Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology, Seoul 06152, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Chul Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Tech University of Korea, Siheung 15073, Republic of Korea
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Park SW, Lee S, Cha WC, Hur KY, Kim JH, Lee MK, Park SM, Jin SM. An Electronic Health Record-Integrated Computerized Intravenous Insulin Infusion Protocol: Clinical Outcomes and in Silico Adjustment. Diabetes Metab J 2020; 44:56-66. [PMID: 31701686 PMCID: PMC7043972 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to describe the outcome of a computerized intravenous insulin infusion (CII) protocol integrated to the electronic health record (EHR) system and to improve the CII protocol in silico using the EHR-based predictors of the outcome. METHODS Clinical outcomes of the patients who underwent the CII protocol between July 2016 and February 2017 and their matched controls were evaluated. In the CII protocol group (n=91), multivariable binary logistic regression analysis models were used to determine the independent associates with a delayed response (taking ≥6.0 hours for entering a glucose range of 70 to 180 mg/dL). The CII protocol was adjusted in silico according to the EHR-based parameters obtained in the first 3 hours of CII. RESULTS Use of the CII protocol was associated with fewer subjects with hypoglycemia alert values (P=0.003), earlier (P=0.002), and more stable (P=0.017) achievement of a glucose range of 70 to 180 mg/dL. Initial glucose level (P=0.001), change in glucose during the first 2 hours (P=0.026), and change in insulin infusion rate during the first 3 hours (P=0.029) were independently associated with delayed responses. Increasing the insulin infusion rate temporarily according to these parameters in silico significantly reduced delayed responses (P<0.0001) without hypoglycemia, especially in refractory patients. CONCLUSION Our CII protocol enabled faster and more stable glycemic control than conventional care with minimized risk of hypoglycemia. An EHR-based adjustment was simulated to reduce delayed responses without increased incidence of hypoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Woon Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seunghyun Lee
- Department of Creative IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - Won Chul Cha
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Yeon Hur
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Kyu Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Min Park
- Department of Creative IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea.
| | - Sang Man Jin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
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