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Gérard C, Bardo A, Guéry JP, Pouydebat E, Narat V, Simmen B. Influence of food physical properties and environmental context on manipulative behaviors highlighted by new methodological approaches in zoo-housed bonobos (Pan paniscus). Am J Primatol 2024; 86:e23624. [PMID: 38546028 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Research on manipulative abilities in nonhuman primates, in the context of hominid evolution, has mostly focused on manual/pedal postures considered as static behaviors. While these behavioral repertoires highlighted the range of manipulative abilities in many species, manipulation is a dynamic process that mostly involves successive types of grips before reaching its goal. The present study aims to investigate the use of manual/pedal postures in zoo-housed bonobos in diverse dynamic food processing by using an innovative approach: the optimal matching analysis that compares sequences (i.e., succession of grasping postures) with each other. To characterize the manipulative techniques spontaneously employed by bonobos, we performed this sequential analysis of manual/pedal postures during 766 complete feeding sequences of 17 individuals. We analyzed the effectiveness with a score defined by a partial proxy of food intake (i.e., the number of mouthfuls) linked to a handling score measuring both the diversity and changes of manual postures during each sequence. We identified four techniques, used differently depending on the physical substrate on which the individual performed food manipulation and the food physical properties. Our results showed that manipulative techniques were more complex (i.e., higher handling score) for large foods and on substrates with lower stability. But the effectiveness score was not significantly lower for these items since manipulative complexity seemed to be compensated by a greater number of mouthfuls. It appeared that the techniques employed involved a trade-off between manipulative complexity and the amount of food ingested. This study allowed us to test and validate innovative analysis methods that are applicable to diverse ethological studies involving sequential events. Our results bring new data for a better understanding of the evolution of manual abilities in primates in association with different ecological contexts and both terrestrial and arboreal substrates and suggest that social and individual influences need to be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Gérard
- Eco-anthropologie (EA), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Ameline Bardo
- Histoire Naturelle de l'Homme Préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Human Origins, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Emmanuelle Pouydebat
- Mécanismes adaptatifs et évolution (MECADEV), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Victor Narat
- Eco-anthropologie (EA), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Simmen
- Eco-anthropologie (EA), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Druelle F, Leti I, Bokika Ngawolo JC, Narat V. Vertical climbing in free-ranging bonobos: An exploratory study integrating locomotor performance and substrate compliance. Am J Biol Anthropol 2024; 183:e24894. [PMID: 38180148 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ecological factors and body size shape animal movement and adaptation. Large primates such as bonobos excel in navigating the demanding substrates of arboreal habitats. However, current approaches lack comprehensive assessment of climbing performance in free-ranging individuals, limiting our understanding of locomotor adaptations. This study aims to explore climbing performance in free-ranging bonobos and how substrate properties affect their behavior. METHODS We collected data on the climbing performance of habituated bonobos, Pan paniscus, in the Bolobo Territory, Democratic Republic of Congo. We analyzed 46 climbing bouts (12 ascents, 34 descents) while moving on vertical substrates of varying diameter and compliance levels. This study assessed the average speed, peak acceleration, resting postures, and transitions between climbing and other locomotor modes. RESULTS During climbing sequences and transitions, bonobos mitigate speed variations. They also exhibit regular pauses during climbing and show higher speeds during descent in contrast to their ascent. Regarding the influence of substrate properties, bonobos exhibit higher speed when ascending on thin and slightly flexible substrates, while they appear to achieve higher speeds when descending on large and stiff substrates, by using a "fire-pole slide" submode. DISCUSSION Bonobos demonstrate remarkable abilities for negotiating vertical substrates and substrate properties influence their performance. Our results support the idea that bonobos adopt a behavioral strategy that aligns with the notion of minimizing costs. Overall, the adoption of high velocities and the use of low-cost resting postures may reduce muscle fatigue. These aspects could represent important targets of selection to ensure ecological efficiency in bonobos.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Druelle
- Histoire Naturelle de l'Homme Préhistorique, UMR 7194, CNRS-MNHN-UPVD, Paris, France
- Functional Morphology Laboratory, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Innocent Leti
- NGO Mbou-Mon-Tour, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - Victor Narat
- Eco-Anthropologie, UMR 7206, MNHN-CNRS-Univ. Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Bonobo Eco, Saint Brice sur Vienne, Vienne, France
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Grasso G, Bianciotto V, Marmeisse R. Paleomicrobiology: Tracking the past microbial life from single species to entire microbial communities. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14390. [PMID: 38227345 PMCID: PMC10832523 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
By deciphering information encoded in degraded ancient DNA extracted from up to million-years-old samples, molecular paleomicrobiology enables to objectively retrace the temporal evolution of microbial species and communities. Assembly of full-length genomes of ancient pathogen lineages allows not only to follow historical epidemics in space and time but also to identify the acquisition of genetic features that represent landmarks in the evolution of the host-microbe interaction. Analysis of microbial community DNA extracted from essentially human paleo-artefacts (paleofeces, dental calculi) evaluates the relative contribution of diet, lifestyle and geography on the taxonomic and functional diversity of these guilds in which have been identified species that may have gone extinct in today's human microbiome. As for non-host-associated environmental samples, such as stratified sediment cores, analysis of their DNA illustrates how and at which pace microbial communities are affected by local or widespread environmental disturbance. Description of pre-disturbance microbial diversity patterns can aid in evaluating the relevance and effectiveness of remediation policies. We finally discuss how recent achievements in paleomicrobiology could contribute to microbial biotechnology in the fields of medical microbiology and food science to trace the domestication of microorganisms used in food processing or to illustrate the historic evolution of food processing microbial consortia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Grasso
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei SistemiUniversità degli Studi of TurinTurinItaly
- Institut Systématique Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB: UMR7205 CNRS‐MNHN‐Sorbonne Université‐EPHE‐UA)¸ Muséum National d'Histoire NaturelleParisFrance
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), SSNational Research Council (CNR)TurinItaly
| | - Valeria Bianciotto
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), SSNational Research Council (CNR)TurinItaly
| | - Roland Marmeisse
- Institut Systématique Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB: UMR7205 CNRS‐MNHN‐Sorbonne Université‐EPHE‐UA)¸ Muséum National d'Histoire NaturelleParisFrance
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), SSNational Research Council (CNR)TurinItaly
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Coulon N, Elliott S, Teichert N, Auber A, McLean M, Barreau T, Feunteun E, Carpentier A. Northeast Atlantic elasmobranch community on the move: Functional reorganization in response to climate change. Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e17157. [PMID: 38273525 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
While spatial distribution shifts have been documented in many marine fishes under global change, the responses of elasmobranchs have rarely been studied, which may have led to an underestimation of their potential additional threats. Given their irreplaceable role in ecosystems and their high extinction risk, we used a 24-year time series (1997-2020) of scientific bottom trawl surveys to examine the effects of climate change on the spatial distribution of nine elasmobranch species within Northeast Atlantic waters. Using a hierarchical modeling of species communities, belonging to the joint species distribution models, we found that suitable habitats for four species increased on average by a factor of 1.6 and, for six species, shifted north-eastwards and/or to deeper waters over the past two decades. By integrating species traits, we showed changes in habitat suitability led to changes in the elasmobranchs trait composition. Moreover, communities shifted to deeper waters and their mean trophic level decreased. We also note an increase in the mean community size at maturity concurrent with a decrease in fecundity. Because skates and sharks are functionally unique and dangerously vulnerable to both climate change and fishing, we advocate for urgent considerations of species traits in management measures. Their use would make it better to identify species whose loss could have irreversible impacts in face of the myriad of anthropogenic threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Coulon
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), MNHN, CNRS, IRD, SU, UCN, UA, Dinard, France
| | - Sophie Elliott
- Salmon & Trout Research Centre, Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust, Wareham, UK
| | - Nils Teichert
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), MNHN, CNRS, IRD, SU, UCN, UA, Dinard, France
| | - Arnaud Auber
- Unité Halieutique Manche Mer du Nord, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, IFREMER, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Matthew McLean
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA
| | - Thomas Barreau
- Service des Stations Marine, Station Marine de Dinard, Dinard, France
| | - Eric Feunteun
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), MNHN, CNRS, IRD, SU, UCN, UA, Dinard, France
| | - Alexandre Carpentier
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), MNHN, CNRS, IRD, SU, UCN, UA, Campus de Beaulieu, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
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Auger C, Cipolletta C, Todd A, Fuh T, Sotto-Mayor A, Pouydebat E, Masi S. Feeling a bit peckish: Seasonal and opportunistic insectivory for wild gorillas. Am J Biol Anthropol 2023; 182:210-223. [PMID: 37483018 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Insectivory likely contributed to survival of early humans in diverse conditions and influenced human cognitive evolution through the need to develop harvesting tools. In living primates, insectivory is a widespread behavior and frequently seasonal, although previous studies do not always agree on reasons behind this. Since western gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) diet is largely affected by seasonal variation in fruit availability, we aimed to test three non-mutually exclusive hypotheses (habitat use, frugivory and rainfall) to explain seasonality in termite feeding across age/sex classes in three habituated groups (Nindividuals = 27) in Central Africa. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used 4 years of ranging, scan and continuous focal sampling records of gorillas (Nranging days = 883, Nscans = 12,384; Nhours = 891) in addition to 116 transects recording vegetation and termite mound distribution. RESULTS Depending on the age/sex classes, we found support for all three hypotheses. Time spent in termite-rich vegetation positively impacted termite consumption in all age/sex classes, but subadults. Lengthier travels increased termite feeding in females but decreased it in subadults. Frugivory decreased termite consumption in adults. Daily rainfall had a positive effect on termite feeding and foraging in silverbacks and juveniles, but a negative effect in subadults. For females, rainfall had a positive effect on termite feeding, but a negative effect for termite foraging. DISCUSSION In great apes, seasonal insectivory seems to be multifactorial and primarily opportunistic with important differences among age/sex classes. While insectivory has potentials to be traditional, it likely played a crucial role during primate evolution (including ours), allowing diet flexibility in changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Auger
- Éco-Anthropologie, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique: UMR7206, Paris, France
- Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique: UMR7179, Paris, France
| | - Chloé Cipolletta
- Dzanga-Sangha Protected Areas, World Wide Fund for Nature, Bangui, Central African Republic
| | - Angelique Todd
- Dzanga-Sangha Protected Areas, World Wide Fund for Nature, Bangui, Central African Republic
| | - Terence Fuh
- Dzanga-Sangha Protected Areas, World Wide Fund for Nature, Bangui, Central African Republic
| | - Andrea Sotto-Mayor
- Éco-Anthropologie, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique: UMR7206, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Pouydebat
- Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique: UMR7179, Paris, France
| | - Shelly Masi
- Éco-Anthropologie, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique: UMR7206, Paris, France
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Carpentieri M, Moncel MH, Eramo G, Arzarello M. With Impressions Chosen from Another Time: Core Technologies and Debitage Production at the Lower Palaeolithic Site of Notarchirico (670-695 ka; layers F to I2). J Paleolit Archaeol 2023; 6:27. [PMID: 37675140 PMCID: PMC10477117 DOI: 10.1007/s41982-023-00154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The earliest evidence of bifaces in western Europe is dated to the initial phase of the Middle Pleistocene (la Noira, Notarchirico, Moulin Quignon, 700-670 ka), with the findings of Barranc de la Boella (1.0-0.9 Ma) considered to be an earlier local evolution. No transition assemblages are recorded during this time frame, and the "abrupt" appearance of bifaces during this time frame is associated with significant cognitive shifts in human technological behaviours (Acheulean techno-complex). The new investigations conducted at the site of Notarchirico unearthed 30 ka of repeated human occupation (695-670 ka, layers F-I2) during MIS 17, with evidence of bifacial tools in layer G (680 ka) and F along with other heavy-duty implements (LCTs, pebble tools, etc.). Massive production of debitage products realised on local raw materials collected in situ through simple and efficient core technologies characterises a large part of the lithic assemblage with a high ratio of diversified light-duty tools, including modified chert nodules. Despite core and flake assemblages being a recurrent trait of Lower Pleistocene contexts, the increase in retouched implements recorded at the onset of the Middle Pleistocene has been considered a significant technological shift. The technological analysis of the debitage products presented in this work highlights recurrent and systematic technological behaviours of the hominins of Notarchirico-who proved to efficiently overcome the raw materials dimensional constraints-even in the layers without bifaces. This may shed light on the meaning of cultural and behavioural innovation that the Acheulean techno-complex is thought to bring over Europe. It is plausible that given the substantial homogeneity of the lithic strategies within the sequence of Notarchirico, which only the "introduction" of the bifaces in the upper layers seems to interrupt, a supposed behavioural or cultural change in the site might have already occurred in the lowermost portion of the sequence. In this work, we evaluate the degree of change-if any-from a technological perspective by analysing the debitage reduction sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Carpentieri
- Dipartimento Studi Umanistici, Università Degli Studi Di Ferrara, C.So Ercole I d’Este 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marie-Hélène Moncel
- UMR 7194 HNHP (MNHN-CNRS-UPVD), Département Homme Et Environnement, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 1 Rue René Panhard, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Giacomo Eramo
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Della Terra E Geoambientali, Università Degli Studi Di Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Marta Arzarello
- Dipartimento Studi Umanistici, Università Degli Studi Di Ferrara, C.So Ercole I d’Este 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Rodrigues J, Lefoulon E, Gavotte L, Perillat-Sanguinet M, Makepeace B, Martin C, D'Haese CA. Wolbachia springs eternal: symbiosis in Collembola is associated with host ecology. R Soc Open Sci 2023; 10:230288. [PMID: 37266040 PMCID: PMC10230187 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Wolbachia are endosymbiotic alpha-proteobacteria infecting a wide range of arthropods and nematode hosts with diverse interactions, from reproductive parasites to obligate mutualists. Their taxonomy is defined by lineages called supergroups (labelled by letters of the alphabet), while their evolutionary history is complex, with multiple horizontal transfers and secondary losses. One of the least recently derived, supergroup E, infects springtails (Collembola), widely distributed hexapods, with sexual and/or parthenogenetic populations depending on species. To better characterize the diversity of Wolbachia infecting springtails, the presence of Wolbachia was screened in 58 species. Eleven (20%) species were found to be positive, with three Wolbachia genotypes identified for the first time in supergroup A. The novel genotypes infect springtails ecologically and biologically different from those infected by supergroup E. To root the Wolbachia phylogeny, rather than distant other Rickettsiales, supergroup L infecting plant-parasitic nematodes was used here. We hypothesize that the ancestor of Wolbachia was consumed by soil-dwelling nematodes, and was transferred horizontally via plants into aphids, which then infected edaphic arthropods (e.g. springtails and oribatid mites) before expanding into most clades of terrestrial arthropods and filarial nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules Rodrigues
- UMR7245, MCAM, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Emilie Lefoulon
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | - Benjamin Makepeace
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Coralie Martin
- UMR7245, MCAM, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
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Gastineau R, Bouguerche C, Tazerouti F, Justine JL. Morphological and molecular characterisation of Tristoma integrum Diesing, 1850 (Monogenea, Capsalidae), including its complete mitogenome. Parasite 2023; 30:16. [PMID: 37191588 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2023016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Capsalids are monopisthocotylean monogenean parasites found on the skin and gills of fish. Capsalines (subfamily Capsalinae) are large-sized capsalids, parasitic on highly prized gamefish, and species of Tristoma parasitise only the gills of swordfish (Xiphias gladius). We obtained specimens of Tristoma integrum Diesing, 1850 from swordfish collected off Algeria in the Mediterranean Sea. Here, we describe the specimens, including the key systematics characters of dorsolateral body sclerites. One specimen was used for a next generation sequencing analysis but a part of it, including the sclerites, was mounted on a permanent slide, drawn, and deposited in a curated collection. We characterised the complete mitogenome, the ribosomal cluster (including 18S and 28S) and additional genes such as Elongation factor 1 alpha (EF1α) and Histone 3. We also retrieved molecular information from the host tissue present in the gut of the monogenean and provide the sequence of the complete rRNA cluster of the host, X. gladius. The mitogenome of T. integrum is 13 968 bp in length and codes for 12 protein, 2 rRNA and 22 tRNA. Phylogenies of capsalids were generated from 28S sequences and concatenated mitochondrial protein-coding genes, respectively. In the 28S phylogeny, most subfamilies based on morphology were not found to be monophyletic, but the Capsalinae were monophyletic. In both phylogenies, the closest member to Tristoma spp. was a member of the Capsaloides. In an Appendix, we report the complex nomenclatural history of Tristoma Cuvier, 1817 and its species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Gastineau
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Chahinez Bouguerche
- Department of Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fadila Tazerouti
- Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumédiène, Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Environnement: Interactions - Génomes, BP 32, El Alia Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algérie
| | - Jean-Lou Justine
- Institut Systématique Évolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 51, 75005 Paris, France
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Ayadi ZEM, Tazerouti F, Gastineau R, Justine JL. Redescription, complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic relationships of Hexostoma thynni (Delaroche, 1811) Rafinesque, 1815 (Monogenea, Hexostomatidae). Parasite 2022; 29:29. [PMID: 35604345 PMCID: PMC9126124 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2022030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Specimens of Hexostoma thynni (Delaroche, 1811) Rafinesque, 1815 were collected from their type-host, the bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus, caught off Algeria, i.e. close to the type-locality, off Mallorca, which is also in the Mediterranean. The species is briefly redescribed and compared to previous descriptions, under the same name or as its synonym Plagiopeltis duplicata Diesing, 1858, to ascertain identity of specimens. The three genera within the Hexostomatidae (Hexostoma Rafinesque, 1815, Neohexostoma Price, 1961 and Homostoma Unnithan, 1965) are briefly discussed, with comments on the fragility of characters used to distinguish them. Using next-generation sequencing, the complete mitogenome and the cluster of ribosomal genes (SSU, LSU, ITS1, ITS2, 5.8S) were obtained. The mitogenome is 14,649 bp long and codes for 12 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and 22 transfer RNA genes; its size is similar to other mitogenomes obtained from polyopisthocotylean monogeneans. A phylogeny based on concatenated mitogenome protein-coding genes from nine species of polyopisthocotylean monogeneans produced a tree in which the Hexostomatidae H. thynni was associated with other Mazocraeidea, such as Chauhaneidae and Diclidophoridae. This invalidates the hypothesis of Boeger & Kritsky (1993) of Hexostomatidae as sister-group to the Mazocraeidea and suggests the demise of the suborder Hexostomatinea Boeger & Kritsky, 1993. We insist on the usefulness of depositing parts of specimens used for molecular analyses, prepared on permanent slides, in a curated collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zouhour El Mouna Ayadi
- Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Environnement : Interactions – Génomes (LBEIG) BP 32 El Alia, Bab Ezzouar Alger Algeria
| | - Fadila Tazerouti
- Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Environnement : Interactions – Génomes (LBEIG) BP 32 El Alia, Bab Ezzouar Alger Algeria
| | - Romain Gastineau
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin Szczecin Poland
| | - Jean-Lou Justine
- ISYEB, Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (UMR7205 CNRS, EPHE, MNHN, UPMC, Université des Antilles), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle CP 51 55 rue Buffon 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
- Corresponding author:
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Lacroux C, Robira B, Kane-Maguire N, Guma N, Krief S. Between forest and croplands: Nocturnal behavior in wild chimpanzees of Sebitoli, Kibale National Park, Uganda. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268132. [PMID: 35522693 PMCID: PMC9075648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Some animal species have been presumed to be purely diurnal. Yet, they show flexibility in their activity rhythm, and can occasionally be active at night. Recently, it has been suggested that chimpanzees may rarely engage in nocturnal activities in savannah forests, in contrast to the frequent nocturnal feeding of crops observed at Sebitoli, Kibale National Park, Uganda. Here we thus aimed to explore the factors that might trigger such intense nocturnal activity (e.g. harsher weather conditions during daytime, low wild food availability or higher diurnal foraging risk) in this area. We used camera-traps set over 18 km2 operating for 15 months. We report activities and group composition from records obtained either within the forest or at the forest interface with maize fields, the unique crop consumed. Maize is an attractive and accessible food source, although actively guarded by farmers, particularly during daytime. Out of the 19 156 clips collected, 1808 recorded chimpanzees. Of these, night recordings accounted for 3.3% of forest location clips, compared to 41.8% in the maize fields. Most nocturnal clips were obtained after hot days, and most often during maize season for field clips. At night within the forest, chimpanzees were travelling around twilight hours, while when at the border of the fields they were foraging on crops mostly after twilight and in smaller parties. These results suggest that chimpanzees change their activity rhythm to access cultivated resources when human presence and surveillance is lower. This survey provides evidence of behavioral plasticity in chimpanzees in response to neighboring human farming activities, and emphasizes the urgent need to work with local communities to mitigate human-wildlife conflict related to crop-feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Lacroux
- UMR 7206 CNRS/MNHN/P7, Eco-anthropologie, Hommes et Environnements, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Musée de l’Homme, Paris, France
- Sebitoli Chimpanzee Project, Great Ape Conservation Project, Fort Portal, Uganda
- UMR 7179 CNRS/MNHN, Ecologie et Gestion de la Biodiversité, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Benjamin Robira
- UMR 7206 CNRS/MNHN/P7, Eco-anthropologie, Hommes et Environnements, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Musée de l’Homme, Paris, France
- CEFE, CNRS, Université Montpellier, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicole Kane-Maguire
- Sebitoli Chimpanzee Project, Great Ape Conservation Project, Fort Portal, Uganda
| | | | - Sabrina Krief
- UMR 7206 CNRS/MNHN/P7, Eco-anthropologie, Hommes et Environnements, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Musée de l’Homme, Paris, France
- Sebitoli Chimpanzee Project, Great Ape Conservation Project, Fort Portal, Uganda
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11
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Terray L, Denys C, Goodman SM, Soarimalala V, Lalis A, Cornette R. Skull morphological evolution in Malagasy endemic Nesomyinae rodents. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263045. [PMID: 35120158 PMCID: PMC8815910 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Madagascar is a large island to the south-east of Africa and in many ways continental in size and ecological complexity. Here we aim to define how skull morphology of an endemic and monophyletic clade of rodents (sub-family Nesomyinae), that show considerable morphological variation, have evolved and how their disparity is characterized in context of the geographical and ecological complexity of the island. We performed a two-dimensional geometric morphometric analysis on 370 dorsal and 399 ventral skull images of 19 species (comprising all nine extant endemic genera) and tested the influence of three ecological parameters (climate, locomotor habitat and nychthemeral cycle) in a phylogenetic context on size and shape. The results indicate that skull shape appears to importantly reflect phylogeny, whereas skull size does not carry a significant phylogenetic signal. Skull shape is significantly influenced by climate while, skull size is not impacted by any of the ecological factors tested, which is controversial to expectations in an insular context. In conclusion, Nesomyinae must have evolved under unusual types of local constraints, preventing this radiation from demonstrating strong ecological release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Terray
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, CP 51, Paris, France
| | - Christiane Denys
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, CP 51, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Steven M. Goodman
- Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Association Vahatra, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Voahangy Soarimalala
- Association Vahatra, Antananarivo, Madagascar
- Institut des Sciences et Techniques de l’Environnement, University of Fianarantsoa, Fianarantsoa, Madagascar
| | - Aude Lalis
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, CP 51, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Cornette
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, CP 51, Paris, France
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12
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Strullu-Derrien C, Gèze M, Spencer ART, De Franceschi D, Kenrick P, Selosse MA, Knoll AH. An expanded diversity of oomycetes in Carboniferous forests: Reinterpretation of Oochytrium lepidodendri (Renault 1894) from the Esnost chert, Massif Central, France. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247849. [PMID: 33651837 PMCID: PMC7924773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
335-330 million-year-old cherts from the Massif Central, France, contain exceptionally well-preserved remains of an early forest ecosystem, including plants, fungi and other microorganisms. Here we reinvestigate the original material prepared by Renault and Roche from collections of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, and present a re-evaluation of Oochytrium lepidodendri (Renault 1894), originally described as a zoosporic fungus. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to study the microfossils, enabling us in software to digitally reconstruct them in three-dimensional detail. We reinterpret O. lepidodendri as a pseudofungus and favour placement within the oomycetes, a diverse clade of saprotrophs and both animal and plant parasites. Phylogenetically, O. lepidodendri appears to belong to a group of oomycetes distinct from those previously described from Paleozoic rocks and most likely related to the Peronosporales s.l. This study adds to our knowledge of Paleozoic eukaryotic diversity and reinforces the view that oomycetes were early and diverse constituents of terrestrial biotas, playing similar ecological roles to those they perform in modern ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Strullu-Derrien
- Institut Systámatique Evolution Biodiversitá, Musáum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universitá, Paris, France
- Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Gèze
- Centre de microscopie et d’imagerie numérique du muséum, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
- Département AVIV, UMR 7245 MCAM Molécules de communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes, Musáum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universitá, Paris, France
| | - Alan R. T. Spencer
- Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Earth Science & Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dario De Franceschi
- Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie Paris, Musáum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Paul Kenrick
- Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marc-André Selosse
- Institut Systámatique Evolution Biodiversitá, Musáum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universitá, Paris, France
- Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Andrew H. Knoll
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Vallet M, Meziane T, Thiney N, Prado S, Hubas C. Laminariales Host Does Impact Lipid Temperature Trajectories of the Fungal Endophyte Paradendryphiella salina (Sutherland.). Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E379. [PMID: 32708010 PMCID: PMC7460085 DOI: 10.3390/md18080379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Kelps are colonized by a wide range of microbial symbionts. Among them, endophytic fungi remain poorly studied, but recent studies evidenced yet their high diversity and their central role in algal defense against various pathogens. Thus, studying the metabolic expressions of kelp endophytes under different conditions is important to have a better understanding of their impacts on host performance. In this context, fatty acid composition is essential to a given algae fitness and of interest to food web studies either to measure its nutritional quality or to infer about its contribution to consumers diets. In the present study, Paradendryphiella salina, a fungal endophyte was isolated from Saccharina latissima (L.) and Laminaria digitata (Hudson.) and its fatty acid composition was assessed at increasing salinity and temperature conditions. Results showed that fungal composition in terms of fatty acids displayed algal-dependent trajectories in response to temperature increase. This highlights that C18 unsaturated fatty acids are key components in the host-dependant acclimation of P. salina to salinity and temperature changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Vallet
- Molécules de Comunications et Adaptation des Microorganismes (MCAM) Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, 63 Rue Buffon, FR-75005 Paris, France
| | - Tarik Meziane
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, IRD, SU, CNRS, UA, UCN, 61 Rue Buffon, FR-75005 Paris, France
| | - Najet Thiney
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, IRD, SU, CNRS, UA, UCN, 61 Rue Buffon, FR-75005 Paris, France
| | - Soizic Prado
- Molécules de Comunications et Adaptation des Microorganismes (MCAM) Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, 63 Rue Buffon, FR-75005 Paris, France
| | - Cédric Hubas
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, IRD, SU, CNRS, UA, UCN, Station Marine de Concarneau, FR-29900 Concarneau, France
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14
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Harbers H, Neaux D, Ortiz K, Blanc B, Laurens F, Baly I, Callou C, Schafberg R, Haruda A, Lecompte F, Casabianca F, Studer J, Renaud S, Cornette R, Locatelli Y, Vigne JD, Herrel A, Cucchi T. The mark of captivity: plastic responses in the ankle bone of a wild ungulate ( Sus scrofa). R Soc Open Sci 2020; 7:192039. [PMID: 32269811 PMCID: PMC7137979 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.192039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Deciphering the plastic (non-heritable) changes induced by human control over wild animals in the archaeological record is challenging. We hypothesized that changes in locomotor behaviour in a wild ungulate due to mobility control could be quantified in the bone anatomy. To test this, we experimented with the effect of mobility reduction on the skeleton of wild boar (Sus scrofa), using the calcaneus shape as a possible phenotypic marker. We first assessed differences in shape variation and covariation in captive-reared and wild-caught wild boars, taking into account differences in sex, body mass, available space for movement and muscle force. This plastic signal was then contrasted with the phenotypic changes induced by selective breeding in domestic pigs. We found that mobility reduction induces a plastic response beyond the shape variation of wild boars in their natural habitat, associated with a reduction in the range of locomotor behaviours and muscle loads. This plastic signal of captivity in the calcaneus shape differs from the main changes induced by selective breeding for larger muscle and earlier development that impacted the pigs' calcaneus shape in a much greater extent than the mobility reduction during the domestication process of their wild ancestors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Harbers
- UMR 7209, Archéozoologie, Archéobotanique, Sociétés Pratiques et Environnements (AASPE), CNRS, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Dimitri Neaux
- UMR 7209, Archéozoologie, Archéobotanique, Sociétés Pratiques et Environnements (AASPE), CNRS, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Katia Ortiz
- Réserve Zoologique de la Haute Touche, 36290 Obterre, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, France
| | - Barbara Blanc
- Réserve Zoologique de la Haute Touche, 36290 Obterre, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, France
| | - Flavie Laurens
- Unité Bases de données sur la Biodiversité, Écologie, Environnement et Sociétés (BBEES), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Baly
- Unité Bases de données sur la Biodiversité, Écologie, Environnement et Sociétés (BBEES), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Callou
- Unité Bases de données sur la Biodiversité, Écologie, Environnement et Sociétés (BBEES), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Renate Schafberg
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Central Natural Sciences Collections, Museum for domesticated animalsINRA, Nouzilly, France
| | - Ashleigh Haruda
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Central Natural Sciences Collections, Museum for domesticated animalsINRA, Nouzilly, France
| | | | | | | | - Sabrina Renaud
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive (LBBE), UMR 5558 CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Raphael Cornette
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, France
| | - Yann Locatelli
- Réserve Zoologique de la Haute Touche, 36290 Obterre, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, France
| | - Jean-Denis Vigne
- UMR 7209, Archéozoologie, Archéobotanique, Sociétés Pratiques et Environnements (AASPE), CNRS, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Anthony Herrel
- UMR 7179, Département Adaptations du Vivant, Bâtiment d'Anatomie Comparée, CNRS, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Cucchi
- UMR 7209, Archéozoologie, Archéobotanique, Sociétés Pratiques et Environnements (AASPE), CNRS, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
- Author for correspondence: Thomas Cucchi e-mail:
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15
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Garineaud C. Evolving adaptive capacity of seaweed harvesters in Brittany. Ambio 2019; 48:1543-1552. [PMID: 30488376 PMCID: PMC6882967 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-018-1119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The coast of Brittany hosts one of the largest seaweed forests in Europe, collected for several centuries, but today subject to climatic change. By an ethnoecological survey, this paper investigates the seaweed collectors' perception of the changes and hazards that affect their resources. We explored how hazards change their practices and adaptive capacity through strategy and ecological knowledge. Their knowledge evolved rapidly due to their interaction with the natural environment and exchange with scientists, generating new types of knowledge and management practices better adapted to expected future biodiversity change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Garineaud
- UMR 7206 Éco-Anthropologie et Ethnobiologie, CNRS - Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Musée de l'homme 17, Place du Trocadéro, 75016, Paris, France.
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16
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Trapanese C, Robira B, Tonachella G, di Gristina S, Meunier H, Masi S. Where and what? Frugivory is associated with more efficient foraging in three semi-free ranging primate species. R Soc Open Sci 2019; 6:181722. [PMID: 31218025 PMCID: PMC6549983 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Foraging in seasonal environments can be cognitively challenging. Comparative studies have associated brain size with a frugivorous diet. We investigated how fruit distribution (where) and preference (what) affect foraging decisions in three semi-free ranging primate species with different degrees of frugivory: Macaca tonkeana (N indiv = 5; N trials = 430), M. fascicularis (N indiv = 3; N trials = 168) and Sapajus apella (N indiv = 6; N trials = 288). We used 36 boxes fixed on trees and filled with highly and less preferred fruits with different (weekly) spatio-temporal distributions. Individuals were tested in two conditions: (1) same fruit provided concurrently in the same quantity but in a scattered and in a clumped distribution, (2) highly preferred fruit was scattered while the less preferred was clumped. Generally, primates preferred feeding first on the boxes of the clumped distribution in both conditions, with the more frugivorous species at a higher degree than the less frugivorous species in condition (1), but not (2). Therefore, what fruit was available changed the foraging decisions of the more frugivorous species who also engaged more in goal-directed travel. When feeding on preferred fruit, primates probably maximized foraging efficiency regardless of their degree of frugivory. Our findings emphasize that the food type and distribution may be a preponderant driver in cognitive evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Trapanese
- École Doctorale Frontières du Vivant, Centre de Recherches Interdisciplinaires, 8-8bis Rue Charles V, Paris, 75004, France
- UMR 7206 Éco-anthropologie (Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle-CNRS-Univ. Paris 7), Musée de l'Homme, 17 place Trocadéro, Paris, 75116, France
- Centre de Primatologie de l'Université de Strasbourg, Fort Foch, Niederhausbergen, 67207, France
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives, UMR 7364, CNRS et Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Benjamin Robira
- UMR 7206 Éco-anthropologie (Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle-CNRS-Univ. Paris 7), Musée de l'Homme, 17 place Trocadéro, Paris, 75116, France
- Institut de biologie de l’École normale supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Giordana Tonachella
- UMR 7206 Éco-anthropologie (Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle-CNRS-Univ. Paris 7), Musée de l'Homme, 17 place Trocadéro, Paris, 75116, France
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia di Gristina
- UMR 7206 Éco-anthropologie (Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle-CNRS-Univ. Paris 7), Musée de l'Homme, 17 place Trocadéro, Paris, 75116, France
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Hélène Meunier
- Centre de Primatologie de l'Université de Strasbourg, Fort Foch, Niederhausbergen, 67207, France
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives, UMR 7364, CNRS et Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Shelly Masi
- UMR 7206 Éco-anthropologie (Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle-CNRS-Univ. Paris 7), Musée de l'Homme, 17 place Trocadéro, Paris, 75116, France
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Dias Tarli V, Grandcolas P, Pellens R. The informative value of museum collections for ecology and conservation: A comparison with target sampling in the Brazilian Atlantic forest. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205710. [PMID: 30427869 PMCID: PMC6235285 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Since two decades the richness and potential of natural history collections (NHC) were rediscovered and emphasized, promoting a revolution in the access on data of species occurrence, and fostering the development of several disciplines. Nevertheless, due to their inherent erratic nature, NHC data are plagued by several biases. Understanding these biases is a major issue, particularly because ecological niche models (ENMs) are based on the assumption that data are not biased. Based on it, a recent body of research have focused on searching adequate methods for dealing with biased data and proposed the use of filters in geographical and environmental space. Although the strength of filtering in environmental space has been shown with virtual species, nothing has yet been tested with a real dataset including field validation. In order to contribute to this task, we explore this issue by comparing a dataset from NHC to a recent targeted sampling of the cockroach genus Monastria Saussure, 1864 in the Brazilian Atlantic forest. We showed that, despite strong similarities, the area modeled with NHC data was much smaller. These differences were due to strong climate biases, which increased model's specificity and reduced sensitivity. By applying two forms of rarefaction in the environmental space, we showed that deleting points at random in the most biased climate class is a powerful way for increasing model's sensitivity, so making predictions more suitable to the reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Dias Tarli
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB—UMR 7205)–Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Ecole Pratique de Hautes Etudes, Sorbonne Université –CP50, Paris, France
- CAPES Foundation–Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Philippe Grandcolas
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB—UMR 7205)–Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Ecole Pratique de Hautes Etudes, Sorbonne Université –CP50, Paris, France
| | - Roseli Pellens
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB—UMR 7205)–Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Ecole Pratique de Hautes Etudes, Sorbonne Université –CP50, Paris, France
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18
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Rodriguez LJ, Bain A, Chou LS, Conchou L, Cruaud A, Gonzales R, Hossaert-McKey M, Rasplus JY, Tzeng HY, Kjellberg F. Diversification and spatial structuring in the mutualism between Ficus septica and its pollinating wasps in insular South East Asia. BMC Evol Biol 2017; 17:207. [PMID: 28851272 PMCID: PMC5576367 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-1034-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interspecific interactions have long been assumed to play an important role in diversification. Mutualistic interactions, such as nursery pollination mutualisms, have been proposed as good candidates for diversification through co-speciation because of their intricate nature. However, little is known about how speciation and diversification proceeds in emblematic nursery pollination systems such as figs and fig wasps. Here, we analyse diversification in connection with spatial structuring in the obligate mutualistic association between Ficus septica and its pollinating wasps throughout the Philippines and Taiwan. RESULTS Ceratosolen wasps pollinating F. septica are structured into a set of three vicariant black coloured species, and a fourth yellow coloured species whose distribution overlaps with those of the black species. However, two black pollinator species were found to co-occur on Lanyu island. Microsatellite data on F. septica indicates the presence of three gene pools that broadly mirrors the distribution of the three black clades. Moreover, receptive fig odours, the specific message used by pollinating wasps to locate their host tree, varied among locations. CONCLUSIONS F. septica and its black pollinator clades exhibited similar geographic structuring. This could be due originally to geographic barriers leading to isolation, local adaptation, and finally co-structuring. Nevertheless, the co-occurrence of two black pollinator species on Lanyu island suggests that the parapatric distribution of the black clades is now maintained by the inability of migrating individuals of black pollinators to establish populations outside their range. On the other hand, the distribution of the yellow clade strongly suggests an initial case of character displacement followed by subsequent range extension: in our study system, phenotypic or microevolutionary plasticity has allowed the yellow clade to colonise hosts presenting distinct odours. Hence, while variation in receptive fig odours allows specificity in the interaction, this variation does not necessarily lead to coevolutionary plant-insect diversification. Globally, our results evidence evolutionary plasticity in the fig-fig wasp mutualism. This is the first documentation of the presence of two distinct processes in pollinating fig wasp diversification on a host species: the formation of vicariant species and the co-occurrence of other species over large parts of their ranges probably made possible by character displacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Jennifer Rodriguez
- Institute of Biology, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
- CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS—Université de Montpellier—Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier—EPHE, Montpellier, France
- INRA, UMR 1062 CBGP, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Anthony Bain
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lien-Siang Chou
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lucie Conchou
- CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS—Université de Montpellier—Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier—EPHE, Montpellier, France
- Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement de Paris—ECOSENS, INRA-UPMC, Versailles, France
| | | | - Regielene Gonzales
- Institute of Biology, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Martine Hossaert-McKey
- CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS—Université de Montpellier—Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier—EPHE, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Hsy-Yu Tzeng
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Finn Kjellberg
- CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS—Université de Montpellier—Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier—EPHE, Montpellier, France
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Iovita R, Tuvi-Arad I, Moncel MH, Despriée J, Voinchet P, Bahain JJ. High handaxe symmetry at the beginning of the European Acheulian: The data from la Noira (France) in context. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177063. [PMID: 28520745 PMCID: PMC5435177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, new discoveries have pushed the beginning of the biface-rich European Acheulian from 500 thousand years (ka) ago back to at least 700 ka, and possibly to 1 million years (Ma) ago. It remains, however, unclear to date if handaxes arrived in Europe as a fully developed technology or if they evolved locally from core-and-flake industries. This issue is also linked with another long-standing debate on the existence and behavioral, cognitive, and social meaning of a possibly chronological trend for increased handaxe symmetry throughout the Lower Paleolithic. The newly discovered sites can provide a link between the much older Acheulian in Africa and the Levant and the well-known assemblages from the later European Acheulian, enabling a rigorous testing of these hypotheses using modern morphometric methods. Here we use the Continuous Symmetry Measure (CSM) method to quantify handaxe symmetry at la Noira, a newly excavated site in central France, which features two archaeological levels, respectively ca. 700 ka and 500 ka old. In order to provide a context for the new data, we use a large aggregate from the well-known 500 ka old site of Boxgrove, England. We show that handaxes from the oldest layer at la Noira, although on average less symmetric than both those from the younger layers at the same site and than those from Boxgrove, are nevertheless much more symmetric than other early Acheulian specimens evaluated using the CSM method. We also correlate trends in symmetry to degree of reduction, demonstrating that raw material availability and discard patterns may affect observed symmetry values. We conclude that it is likely that, by the time the Acheulian arrived in Europe, its makers were, from a cognitive and motor-control point of view, already capable of producing the symmetric variant of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Iovita
- MONREPOS Archaeological Research Centre and Museum for Human Behavioural Evolution, Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Archäologie, Neuwied, Germany
- Center for the Study of Human Origins, Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Inbal Tuvi-Arad
- Department of Natural Sciences, The Open University of Israel, Raanana, Israel
| | - Marie-Hélène Moncel
- Département de Préhistoire-UMR 7194 CNRS, Institut de Paléontologie Humaine, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Jackie Despriée
- Département de Préhistoire-UMR 7194 CNRS, Institut de Paléontologie Humaine, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Voinchet
- Département de Préhistoire-UMR 7194 CNRS, Institut de Paléontologie Humaine, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Bahain
- Département de Préhistoire-UMR 7194 CNRS, Institut de Paléontologie Humaine, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
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Chaabane A, Neifar L, Justine JL. Diplectanids from Mycteroperca spp. (Epinephelidae) in the Mediterranean Sea: Redescriptions of six species from material collected off Tunisia and Libya, proposal for the 'Pseudorhabdosynochus riouxi group', and a taxonomic key. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171392. [PMID: 28152034 PMCID: PMC5289622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diplectanid monogeneans are gill parasites that can infect fish in huge numbers and thus become harmful, especially in maricultured fish. It is therefore useful to have taxonomic tools, such as keys, to identify species. The following diplectanid species from groupers of the Mediterranean Sea were studied: five species of Pseudorhabdosynochus Yamaguti, 1958, including P. riouxi (Oliver, 1986) Kritsky & Beverley-Burton, 1986 from the dusky grouper Mycteroperca marginata, P. enitsuji Neifar & Euzet, 2007, P. bouaini Neifar & Euzet, 2007, P. dolicocolpos Neifar & Euzet, 2007 and P. sinediscus Neifar & Euzet, 2007 from the goldblotch grouper M. costae, and Echinoplectanum echinophallus (Euzet & Oliver, 1965) Justine & Euzet, 2006 from the dusky grouper. New material was obtained from fish collected from off Tunisia and Libya and compared to the type-material and voucher specimens in museum collections. Identifications of fish were confirmed by barcoding of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences. The sclerotized vagina was considered the most important structure for systematics. The three species P. riouxi, P. bouaini, and P. enitsuji share a common general structure of the sclerotized vagina with a conspicuous spherical secondary chamber. We thus propose the 'Pseudorhabdosynochus riouxi group' to accommodate them. Pseudorhabdosynochus dolicocolpos has an elongate vaginal structure that is completely different from all its congeneric species reported from the Mediterranean Sea, and Pseudorhabdosynochus sinediscus has a sclerotized vagina in which the secondary chamber is not visible, and a haptor without squamodiscs. A taxonomic key to diplectanid species on Mycteroperca spp. in the Mediterranean Sea is proposed; it includes ten species of Pseudorhabdosynochus and one species of Echinoplectanum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Chaabane
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Écosystèmes Aquatiques, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Lassad Neifar
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Écosystèmes Aquatiques, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Jean-Lou Justine
- ISYEB, Institut Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, UMR7205 (CNRS, EPHE, MNHN, UPMC), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
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