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Sharma R, Hetzer MW. Disulfide bond in SUN2 regulates dynamic remodeling of LINC complexes at the nuclear envelope. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302031. [PMID: 37188462 PMCID: PMC10193101 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The LINC complex tethers the cell nucleus to the cytoskeleton to regulate mechanical forces during cell migration, differentiation, and various diseases. The function of LINC complexes relies on the interaction between highly conserved SUN and KASH proteins that form higher-order assemblies capable of load bearing. These structural details have emerged from in vitro assembled LINC complexes; however, the principles of in vivo assembly remain obscure. Here, we report a conformation-specific SUN2 antibody as a tool to visualize LINC complex dynamics in situ. Using imaging, biochemical, and cellular methods, we find that conserved cysteines in SUN2 undergo KASH-dependent inter- and intra-molecular disulfide bond rearrangements. Disruption of the SUN2 terminal disulfide bond compromises SUN2 localization, turnover, LINC complex assembly in addition to cytoskeletal organization and cell migration. Moreover, using pharmacological and genetic perturbations, we identify components of the ER lumen as SUN2 cysteines redox state regulators. Overall, we provide evidence for SUN2 disulfide bond rearrangement as a physiologically relevant structural modification that regulates LINC complex functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Sharma
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Martin W Hetzer
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
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2
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Hermann A, Tarakdjian GN, Temp AGM, Kasper E, Machts J, Kaufmann J, Vielhaber S, Prudlo J, Cole JH, Teipel S, Dyrba M. Cognitive and behavioural but not motor impairment increases brain age in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac239. [PMID: 36246047 PMCID: PMC9556938 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Age is the most important single risk factor of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neuroimaging together with machine-learning algorithms allows estimating individuals' brain age. Deviations from normal brain-ageing trajectories (so called predicted brain age difference) were reported for a number of neuropsychiatric disorders. While all of them showed increased predicted brain-age difference, there is surprisingly few data yet on it in motor neurodegenerative diseases. In this observational study, we made use of previously trained algorithms of 3377 healthy individuals and derived predicted brain age differences from volumetric MRI scans of 112 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients and 70 healthy controls. We correlated predicted brain age difference scores with voxel-based morphometry data and multiple different motoric disease characteristics as well as cognitive/behavioural changes categorized according to Strong and Rascovsky. Against our primary hypothesis, there was no higher predicted brain-age difference in the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients as a group. None of the motoric phenotypes/characteristics influenced predicted brain-age difference. However, cognitive/behavioural impairment led to significantly increased predicted brain-age difference, while slowly progressive as well as cognitive/behavioural normal amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients had even younger brain ages than healthy controls. Of note, the cognitive/behavioural normal amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients were identified to have increased cerebellar brain volume as potential resilience factor. Younger brain age was associated with longer survival. Our results raise the question whether younger brain age in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with only motor impairment provides a cerebral reserve against cognitive and/or behavioural impairment and faster disease progression. This new conclusion needs to be tested in subsequent samples. In addition, it will be interesting to test whether a potential effect of cerebral reserve is specific for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or can also be found in other neurodegenerative diseases with primary motor impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht Kossel”, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock (CTNR), University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE)Rostock/Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Gaël Nils Tarakdjian
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht Kossel”, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE)Rostock/Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Anna Gesine Marie Temp
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht Kossel”, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE)Rostock/Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kasper
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Judith Machts
- Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences CBBS, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jörn Kaufmann
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Vielhaber
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Prudlo
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - James H Cole
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, UCL, London, UK
- Dementia Research Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, UK
| | - Stefan Teipel
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE)Rostock/Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Dyrba
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE)Rostock/Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
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Vettermann FJ, Harris S, Schmitt J, Unterrainer M, Lindner S, Rauchmann BS, Palleis C, Weidinger E, Beyer L, Eckenweber F, Schuster S, Biechele G, Ferschmann C, Milenkovic VM, Wetzel CH, Rupprecht R, Janowitz D, Buerger K, Perneczky R, Höglinger GU, Levin J, Haass C, Tonn JC, Niyazi M, Bartenstein P, Albert NL, Brendel M. Impact of TSPO Receptor Polymorphism on [ 18F]GE-180 Binding in Healthy Brain and Pseudo-Reference Regions of Neurooncological and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:484. [PMID: 34073557 PMCID: PMC8229996 DOI: 10.3390/life11060484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TSPO-PET tracers are sensitive to a single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs6971-SNP), resulting in low-, medium- and high-affinity binders (LABs, MABs and HABS), but the clinical relevance of [18F]GE-180 is still unclear. We evaluated the impact of rs6971-SNP on in vivo [18F]GE-180 binding in a healthy brain and in pseudo-reference tissue in neuro-oncological and neurodegenerative diseases. Standardized uptake values (SUVs) of [18F]GE-180-PET were assessed using a manually drawn region of interest in the frontoparietal and cerebellar hemispheres. The SUVs were compared between the LABs, MABs and HABs in control, glioma, four-repeat tauopathy (4RT) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects. Second, the SUVs were compared between the patients and controls within their rs6971-subgroups. After excluding patients with prior therapy, 24 LABs (7 control, 5 glioma, 6 4RT and 6 AD) were analyzed. Age- and sex-matched MABs (n = 38) and HABs (n = 50) were selected. The LABs had lower frontoparietal and cerebellar SUVs when compared with the MABs and HABs, but no significant difference was observed between the MABs and HABs. Within each rs6971 group, no SUV difference between the patients and controls was detected in the pseudo-reference tissues. The rs6971-SNP affects [18F]GE-180 quantification, revealing lower binding in the LABs when compared to the MABs and HABs. The frontoparietal and cerebellar ROIs were successfully validated as pseudo-reference regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska J Vettermann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Harris
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Schmitt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus Unterrainer
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Lindner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Carla Palleis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Endy Weidinger
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Leonie Beyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Eckenweber
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schuster
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Gloria Biechele
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Ferschmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Vladimir M Milenkovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christian H Wetzel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Rupprecht
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Günter U Höglinger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Levin
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Haass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Chair of Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 82152 Planegg, Germany
| | - Joerg C Tonn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Niyazi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Nathalie L Albert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Brendel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
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4
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Pal A, Kretner B, Abo-Rady M, Glaβ H, Dash BP, Naumann M, Japtok J, Kreiter N, Dhingra A, Heutink P, Böckers TM, Günther R, Sterneckert J, Hermann A. Concomitant gain and loss of function pathomechanisms in C9ORF72 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:e202000764. [PMID: 33619157 PMCID: PMC7918691 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Intronic hexanucleotide repeat expansions (HREs) in C9ORF72 are the most frequent genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a devastating, incurable motoneuron (MN) disease. The mechanism by which HREs trigger pathogenesis remains elusive. The discovery of repeat-associated non-ATG (RAN) translation of dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs) from HREs along with reduced exonic C9ORF72 expression suggests gain of toxic functions (GOFs) through DPRs versus loss of C9ORF72 functions (LOFs). Through multiparametric high-content (HC) live profiling in spinal MNs from induced pluripotent stem cells and comparison to mutant FUS and TDP43, we show that HRE C9ORF72 caused a distinct, later spatiotemporal appearance of mainly proximal axonal organelle motility deficits concomitant to augmented DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), RNA foci, DPRs, and apoptosis. We show that both GOFs and LOFs were necessary to yield the overall C9ORF72 pathology. Increased RNA foci and DPRs concurred with onset of axon trafficking defects, DSBs, and cell death, although DSB induction itself did not phenocopy C9ORF72 mutants. Interestingly, the majority of LOF-specific DEGs were shared with HRE-mediated GOF DEGs. Finally, C9ORF72 LOF was sufficient-albeit to a smaller extent-to induce premature distal axonal trafficking deficits and increased DSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Pal
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Benedikt Kretner
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Masin Abo-Rady
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hannes Glaβ
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht-Kossel," Department of Neurology, and Center for Transdisciplinary Neuroscience (CTNR), University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Banaja P Dash
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht-Kossel," Department of Neurology, and Center for Transdisciplinary Neuroscience (CTNR), University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Marcel Naumann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht-Kossel," Department of Neurology, and Center for Transdisciplinary Neuroscience (CTNR), University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Julia Japtok
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicole Kreiter
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ashutosh Dhingra
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Genome Biology of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Heutink
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Genome Biology of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias M Böckers
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - René Günther
- Division of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jared Sterneckert
- Center for Regenerative Therapies TU Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht-Kossel," Department of Neurology, and Center for Transdisciplinary Neuroscience (CTNR), University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany
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