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Mishina K, Suzuki T, Oono Y, Yamashita Y, Zhu H, Ogawa T, Ohta M, Doman K, Xu W, Takahashi D, Miyazaki T, Tagiri A, Soma C, Horita H, Nasuda S, De Oliveira R, Paux E, Chen G, Pourkheirandish M, Wu J, Liu C, Komatsuda T. Wheat Ym2 originated from Aegilops sharonensis and confers resistance to soil-borne Wheat yellow mosaic virus infection to the roots. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2214968120. [PMID: 36897977 PMCID: PMC10089197 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2214968120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV) is a pathogen transmitted into its host's roots by the soil-borne vector Polymyxa graminis. Ym1 and Ym2 genes protect the host from the significant yield losses caused by the virus, but the mechanistic basis of these resistance genes remains poorly understood. Here, it has been shown that Ym1 and Ym2 act within the root either by hindering the initial movement of WYMV from the vector into the root and/or by suppressing viral multiplication. A mechanical inoculation experiment on the leaf revealed that the presence of Ym1 reduced viral infection incidence, rather than viral titer, while that of Ym2 was ineffective in the leaf. To understand the basis of the root specificity of the Ym2 product, the gene was isolated from bread wheat using a positional cloning approach. The candidate gene encodes a CC-NBS-LRR protein and it correlated allelic variation with respect to its sequence with the host's disease response. Ym2 (B37500) and its paralog (B35800) are found in the near-relatives, respectively, Aegilops sharonensis and Aegilops speltoides (a close relative of the donor of bread wheat's B genome), while both sequences, in a concatenated state, are present in several accessions of the latter species. Structural diversity in Ym2 has been generated via translocation and recombination between the two genes and enhanced by the formation of a chimeric gene resulting from an intralocus recombination event. The analysis has revealed how the Ym2 region has evolved during the polyploidization events leading to the creation of cultivated wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Mishina
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8602, Japan
| | - Takako Suzuki
- Hokkaido Research Organization, Agricultural Research Department, Chuo Agricultural Experiment Station, Naganuma, Hokkaido069-1395, Japan
| | - Youko Oono
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8602, Japan
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Chiba271-8510Japan
| | - Yoko Yamashita
- Hokkaido Research Organization, Agricultural Research Department, Chuo Agricultural Experiment Station, Naganuma, Hokkaido069-1395, Japan
| | - Hongjing Zhu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8602, Japan
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Chiba271-8510Japan
| | - Taiichi Ogawa
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8634, Japan
| | - Masaru Ohta
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8602, Japan
| | - Kohei Doman
- Hokkaido Research Organization, Agricultural Research Department, Chuo Agricultural Experiment Station, Naganuma, Hokkaido069-1395, Japan
| | - Wenjing Xu
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong250100, China
- Shandong Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Jinan, Shandong250100, China
| | - Daichi Takahashi
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8602, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata940-2188, Japan
| | - Taiga Miyazaki
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8602, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata940-2188, Japan
| | - Akemi Tagiri
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8602, Japan
| | - Chihiro Soma
- Hokkaido Research Organization, Agricultural Research Department, Chuo Agricultural Experiment Station, Naganuma, Hokkaido069-1395, Japan
| | - Harukuni Horita
- Hokkaido Research Organization, Agricultural Research Department, Chuo Agricultural Experiment Station, Naganuma, Hokkaido069-1395, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nasuda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8502, Japan
| | - Romain De Oliveira
- Université Clermont Auvergne, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food & Environment (INRAE), Genetics, Diversity & Ecophysiology of Cereals, 63000Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Gencovery69009Lyon, France
| | - Etienne Paux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food & Environment (INRAE), Genetics, Diversity & Ecophysiology of Cereals, 63000Clermont-Ferrand, France
- VetAgro Sup,63370Lempdes, France
| | - Guoxiong Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8602, Japan
- Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology in Cold and Arid Regions of Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou730000, China
| | | | - Jianzhong Wu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8602, Japan
| | - Cheng Liu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8602, Japan
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong250100, China
- Shandong Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Jinan, Shandong250100, China
| | - Takao Komatsuda
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8602, Japan
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong250100, China
- Shandong Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Jinan, Shandong250100, China
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