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Shen S, Liu X, Guo Q, Liang Q, Wu J, Guan G, Zou C, Zhu C, Yan Z, Liu T, Chen L, Cheng P, Cheng W, Wu A. Tumor microenvironment remodeling plus immunotherapy could be used in mesenchymal-like tumor with high tumor residual and drug resistant rate. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1281. [PMID: 38110614 PMCID: PMC10728080 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05667-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a common process during tumor progression and is always related to residual tumor, drug resistance and immune suppression. However, considering the heterogeneity in EMT process, there is still a need to establish robust EMT classification system with reasonable molecular, biological and clinical implications to investigate whether these unfavorable survival factors are common or unique in different individuals. In our work, we classify tumors with four EMT status, that is, EMTlow, EMTmid, EMThigh-NOS (Not Otherwise Specified), and EMThigh-AKT (AKT pathway overactivation) subtypes. We find that EMThigh-NOS subtype is driven by intrinsic somatic alterations. While, EMThigh-AKT subtype is maintained by extrinsic cellular interplay between tumor cells and macrophages in an AKT-dependent manner. EMThigh-AKT subtype is both unresectable and drug resistant while EMThigh-NOS subtype can be treated with cell cycle related drugs. Importantly, AKT activation in EMThigh-AKT not only enhances EMT process, but also contributes to the immunosuppressive microenvironment. By remodeling tumor immune-microenvironment by AKT inhibition, EMThigh-AKT can be treated by immune checkpoint blockade therapies. Meanwhile, we develop TumorMT website ( http://tumormt.neuroscience.org.cn/ ) to apply this EMT classification and provide reasonable therapeutic guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qingyu Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jianqi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Gefei Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Cunyi Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zihao Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army of China (PLA) General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Institute of Neurosurgery of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Wen Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Anhua Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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