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Zhang J, Liang M, Wu L, Yang Y, Sun Y, Wang Q, Gao X. Bioconversion of feather waste into bioactive nutrients in water by Bacillus licheniformis WHU. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:7055-7070. [PMID: 37750916 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12795-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Feathers become hazardous pollutants when deposited directly into the environment. The rapid expansion of the poultry industry has significantly increased feather waste, necessitating the development of new ways to degrade and utilize feathers. This study investigated the ability of Bacillus licheniformis WHU to digest intact chicken feathers in water. The results indicated that yields of free amino acids, bioactive peptides, and keratin-derived nano-/micro-particles were improved in bacteria- versus purified keratinase-derived feather hydrolysate. Bacteria-derived feather hydrolysate supplementation induced health benefits in mice, including significantly increased intestinal villus height and zonula occludens-1 protein expression, as well as increased secretory immunoglobulin A levels in the intestinal mucosa and superoxide dismutase activity in serum. Additionally, feather hydrolysate supplementation modulated the mouse gut microbiota, reflected by increased relative abundance of probiotics such as Lactobacillus spp., decreased relative abundance of Proteobacteria at the phylum level and pathogens such as Staphylococcus spp., and increased Bacteroidota/Firmicutes ratio. This study developed a simple, cost-effective method to degrade feathers by B. licheniformis WHU digestion, yielding a hydrolysate that can be directly used as a bioactive nutrient resource. The study findings have applications in the livestock, poultry, and aquaculture industries, which have high demands for cheap protein. KEY POINTS: • Bacillus licheniformis could degrade intact feather in water. • The resulting feather hydrolysate shows prebiotic effects on mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Manyu Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanhong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingjie Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Dazhou Vocational College of Chinese Medicine, Tongchuan District, Luojiang Town, Dazhou, 635000, China.
| | - Xiaowei Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Dazhou Vocational College of Chinese Medicine, Tongchuan District, Luojiang Town, Dazhou, 635000, China.
- Green Pharmaceutical Technology Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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