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Camargo CH, Yamada AY, Souza ARD, Lima MDJDC, Cunha MPV, Ferraro PSP, Sacchi CT, Santos MBND, Campos KR, Tiba-Casas MR, Freire MP, Barretti P. Genomics and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Hospitals in Brazil. Pathogens 2023; 12:918. [PMID: 37513765 PMCID: PMC10384983 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen causing infections in immunocompromised patients, usually shows pronounced antimicrobial resistance. In recent years, the frequency of carbapenemases in P. aeruginosa has decreased, which allows use of new beta-lactams/combinations in antimicrobial therapy. Therefore, the in vitro evaluation of these drugs in contemporary isolates is warranted. We evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility and genomic aspects of 119 clinical P. aeruginosa isolates from 24 different hospitals in Brazil in 2021-2022. Identification was performed via MALDI-TOF-MS, and antimicrobial susceptibility was identified through broth microdilution, gradient tests, or disk diffusion. Whole-genome sequencing was carried out using NextSeq equipment. The most active drug was cefiderocol (100%), followed by ceftazidime-avibactam (94.1%), ceftolozane-tazobactam (92.4%), and imipenem-relebactam (81.5%). Imipenem susceptibility was detected in 59 isolates (49.6%), and the most active aminoglycoside was tobramycin, to which 99 (83.2%) isolates were susceptible. Seventy-one different sequence types (STs) were detected, including twelve new STs described herein. The acquired resistance genes blaCTX-M-2 and blaKPC-2 were identified in ten (8.4%) and two (1.7%) isolates, respectively. Several virulence genes (exoSTUY, toxA, aprA, lasA/B, plcH) were also identified. We found that new antimicrobials are effective against the diverse P. aeruginosa population that has been circulating in Brazilian hospitals in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Henrique Camargo
- Centro de Bacteriologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo 01246-902, SP, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Yaeko Yamada
- Centro de Bacteriologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo 01246-902, SP, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-902, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pasqual Barretti
- Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu 18618-686, SP, Brazil
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