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Li Y, Li L, Zhao Y, Deng C, Yi Z, Xiao D, Mubarak N, Xu M, Li J, Luo G, Chen Q, Kim JK. Homogenizing Zn Deposition in Hierarchical Nanoporous Cu for a High-Current, High Areal-Capacity Zn Flow Battery. Small 2023; 19:e2303005. [PMID: 37269202 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A Zn anode can offset the low energy density of a flow battery for a balanced approach toward electricity storage. Yet, when targeting inexpensive, long-duration storage, the battery demands a thick Zn deposit in a porous framework, whose heterogeneity triggers frequent dendrite formation and jeopardizes the stability of the battery. Here, Cu foam is transferred into a hierarchical nanoporous electrode to homogenize the deposition. It begins with alloying the foam with Zn to form Cu5 Zn8 , whose depth is controlled to retain the large pores for a hydraulic permeability ≈10-11 m2 . Dealloying follows to create nanoscale pores and abundant fine pits below 10 nm, where Zn can nucleate preferentially due to the Gibbs-Thomson effect, as supported by a density functional theory simulation. Morphological evolution monitored by in situ microscopy confirms uniform Zn deposition. The electrode delivers 200 h of stable cycles in a Zn-I2 flow battery at 60 mAh cm-2 and 60 mA cm-2 , performance that meets practical demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Liangyu Li
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Yunhe Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Canbin Deng
- Interdisciplinary Programs Office, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Zhibin Yi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Diwen Xiao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Nauman Mubarak
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Mengyang Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Guangfu Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Jang-Kyo Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, UAE
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Lui AKF, Chan YH, Hung K. Functional Objects in Urban Walking Environments and Pedestrian Trajectory Modelling. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:4882. [PMID: 37430795 DOI: 10.3390/s23104882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Functional objects are large and small physical entities installed in urban environments to offer specific functionalities to visitors, such as shops, escalators, and information kiosks. Instances of the novel notion are focal points of human activities and are significant in pedestrian movement. Pedestrian trajectory modelling in an urban scene is a challenging problem because of the complex patterns resulting from social interactions of the crowds and the diverse relation between pedestrians and functional objects. Many data-driven methods have been proposed to explain the complex movements in urban scenes. However, the methods considering functional objects in their formulation are rare. This study aims to reduce the knowledge gap by demonstrating the importance of pedestrian-object relations in the modelling task. The proposed modelling method, called pedestrian-object relation guided trajectory prediction (PORTP), uses a dual-layer architecture that includes a predictor of pedestrian-object relation and a series of relation-specific specialized pedestrian trajectory prediction models. The experiment findings indicate that the inclusion of pedestrian-object relation results in more accurate predictions. This study provides an empirical foundation for the novel notion and a strong baseline for future work on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kwok Fai Lui
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yin Hei Chan
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kevin Hung
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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3
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Liu H, Zhu Y, Ng KTP, Lo CM, Man K. The Landscape of Aberrant Alternative Splicing Events in Steatotic Liver Graft Post Transplantation via Transcriptome-Wide Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098216. [PMID: 37175922 PMCID: PMC10179559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of steatotic liver graft has been increased significantly due to the severe donor shortage and prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. However, steatotic donor livers are vulnerable to acute phase inflammatory injury, which may result in cancer recurrence. Alternative splicing events (ASEs) are critical for diverse transcriptional variants in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we aimed to depict the landscape of ASEs, as well as to identify the differential ASEs in steatotic liver graft and their association with tumor recurrence after transplantation. The overall portrait of intragraft transcripts and ASEs were elucidated through RNA sequencing with the liver graft biopsies from patients and rat transplant models. Various differential ASEs were identified in steatotic liver grafts. CYP2E1, ADH1A, CYP2C8, ADH1C, and HGD, as corresponding genes to the common pathways involved differential ASEs in human and rats, were significantly associated with HCC patients' survival. The differential ASEs related RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) were enriched in metabolic pathways. The altered immune cell distribution, particularly macrophages and neutrophils, were perturbated by differential ASEs. The cancer hallmarks were enriched in steatotic liver grafts and closely associated with differential ASEs. Our work identified the differential ASE network with metabolic RBPs, immune cell distribution, and cancer hallmarks in steatotic liver grafts. We verified the link between steatotic liver graft injury and tumor recurrence at post-transcriptional level, offered new evidence to explore metabolism and immune responses, and provided the potential prognostic and therapeutic markers for tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, HKU-SZH & LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yueqin Zhu
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, HKU-SZH & LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kevin Tak-Pan Ng
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, HKU-SZH & LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung-Mau Lo
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, HKU-SZH & LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwan Man
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, HKU-SZH & LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Pamei G, Cheah ZRE, McBride C. Construct validity of international literacy measures: implications for dyslexia across cultures. J Cult Cogn Sci 2022; 7:1-15. [PMID: 36569412 PMCID: PMC9762670 DOI: 10.1007/s41809-022-00115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Construct validity is essential to evaluate the generalizability of findings on literacy and dyslexia. Operational definitions of reading literacy determine the measurement method, yielding territory or country-wide literacy rates. This practice echoes the norm in diagnosis and prevalence estimates of dyslexia. International Large-Scale Assessments (ILSA) of literacy such as the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) compare countries' performances in relation to how well their students are reading. In this paper, we reexamine the validity claims and evidence using the examples of countries in Southeast Asia-Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand, purported to have high proportions of poor readers. The challenge of characterizing reading performance and designing suitable measures for valid international comparisons is similar across phases of reading development and proficiency. The importance of the specificity of scripts and languages for reading abilities and impairments is highlighted. We suggest ways in which researchers can approach the assessment of reading proficiency from a cross-cultural and an interdisciplinary perspective. These can foster contextual caveats for generating and interpreting evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gairanlu Pamei
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ma Liu Shui, Hong Kong
| | - Zebedee Rui En Cheah
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ma Liu Shui, Hong Kong
| | - Catherine McBride
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
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Yoo SK, Kim CU, Kim HL, Kim S, Shin JY, Kim N, Yang JSW, Lo KW, Cho B, Matsuda F, Schuster SC, Kim C, Kim JI, Seo JS. NARD: whole-genome reference panel of 1779 Northeast Asians improves imputation accuracy of rare and low-frequency variants. Genome Med 2019; 11:64. [PMID: 31640730 PMCID: PMC6805399 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-019-0677-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we present the Northeast Asian Reference Database (NARD), including whole-genome sequencing data of 1779 individuals from Korea, Mongolia, Japan, China, and Hong Kong. NARD provides the genetic diversity of Korean (n = 850) and Mongolian (n = 384) ancestries that were not present in the 1000 Genomes Project Phase 3 (1KGP3). We combined and re-phased the genotypes from NARD and 1KGP3 to construct a union set of haplotypes. This approach established a robust imputation reference panel for Northeast Asians, which yields the greatest imputation accuracy of rare and low-frequency variants compared with the existing panels. NARD imputation panel is available at https://nard.macrogen.com/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Keun Yoo
- Precision Medicine Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 172 Dolma-ro, Seongnam, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, 13605, Republic of Korea
- Precision Medicine Institute, Macrogen Inc., Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Uk Kim
- Precision Medicine Institute, Macrogen Inc., Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hie Lim Kim
- The Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sungjae Kim
- Precision Medicine Institute, Macrogen Inc., Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Yeon Shin
- Precision Medicine Institute, Macrogen Inc., Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Namcheol Kim
- Precision Medicine Institute, Macrogen Inc., Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kwok-Wai Lo
- Department of Anatomical & Cellular Pathology and State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Belong Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Stephan C Schuster
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Changhoon Kim
- Precision Medicine Institute, Macrogen Inc., Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Il Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Seo
- Precision Medicine Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 172 Dolma-ro, Seongnam, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, 13605, Republic of Korea.
- Precision Medicine Institute, Macrogen Inc., Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Gong-Wu Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
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Wong DWC, Niu W, Wang Y, Zhang M. Finite Element Analysis of Foot and Ankle Impact Injury: Risk Evaluation of Calcaneus and Talus Fracture. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154435. [PMID: 27119740 PMCID: PMC4847902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Foot and ankle impact injury is common in geriatric trauma and often leads to fracture of rearfoot, including calcaneus and talus. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of foot impact on the risk of calcaneus and talus fracture via finite element analysis. Methods A three-dimensional finite element model of foot and ankle was constructed based on magnetic resonance images of a female aged 28. The foot sustained a 7-kg passive impact through a foot plate. The simulated impact velocities were from 2.0 to 7.0 m/s with 1.0 m/s interval. Results At 5.0 m/s impact velocity, the maximum von Mises stress of the trabecular calcaneus and talus were 3.21MPa and 2.41MPa respectively, while that of the Tresca stress were 3.46MPa and 2.55MPa. About 94% and 84% of the trabecular calcaneus and talus exceeded the shear yielding stress, while 21.7% and 18.3% yielded the compressive stress. The peak stresses were distributed around the talocalcaneal articulation and the calcaneal tuberosity inferiorly, which corresponded to the common fracture sites. Conclusions The prediction in this study showed that axial compressive impact at 5.0 m/s could produce considerable yielding of trabecular bone in both calcaneus and talus, dominantly by shear and compounded with compression that predispose the rearfoot in the risk of fracture. This study suggested the injury pattern and fracture mode of high energy trauma that provides insights in injury prevention and fracture management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wai-Chi Wong
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wenxin Niu
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shanghai Yang Zhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- * E-mail:
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