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El-Amin SF, Maffulli N, Mai MC, Rodriguez HC, Jaso V, Cannon D, Gupta A. Coracoid Impingement and Morphology Is Associated with Fatty Infiltration and Rotator Cuff Tears. J Clin Med 2022; 11:2661. [PMID: 35566785 PMCID: PMC9100979 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study describes measurements between the coracoid, glenoid, and humerus; characterizes coracoid shape, rotator cuff fatty infiltration, and quantitatively evaluates coracoid impingement and its association with anterosuperior rotator cuff tears (ASCT). 193 shoulder magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans demonstrating: rotator cuff tear; isolated tear of the supraspinatus; tear of supraspinatus and subscapularis, were included. MRI measurements included coracohumeral interval (CHI), coracoid overlap (CO), coracoid recess (CR), coracoglenoid angle (CGA), and coracoglenoid interval (CGI) on axial slices; acromiohumeral interval (AHI) on coronal slices; and coracohumeral interval (CHI) and coracoacromial ligament (CAL) thickness on sagittal slices. The coracoid shape was classified as flat, curved, or hooked. An Independent T-test was used to compare the MRI measurements and the different rotator cuff tear groups. In 79% of the patients with ASCT tears, the coracoid was curved. Axial CHI, CGA, sagittal CHI, and AHI were decreased in ASCT when compared to no tears and isolated supraspinatus tears (p < 0.05). CO was increased in ASCT compared to no tears and isolated supraspinatus tears (p < 0.05). Patients with an ASCT had a significantly increased subscapularis and supraspinatus Goutallier fatty infiltration score when compared to no tear and isolated supraspinatus tears (p < 0.05). These quantitative measurements may be useful in identifying patients at risk for ASCT. Level of Evidence III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saadiq F. El-Amin
- El-Amin Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Institute, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
- Regenerative Sports Medicine, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
- BioIntegrate, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA;
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
- San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona Hospital “Clinica Orthopedica” Department, Hospital of Salerno, 84124 Salerno, Italy
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4DG, UK
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University School of Medicine, Stoke on Trent ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Matthew C. Mai
- Florida Bone & Joint Specialists, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA;
| | - Hugo C. Rodriguez
- Holy Cross Orthopedic Institute, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33334, USA; (H.C.R.); (D.C.)
- Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL 33143, USA
| | - Victoria Jaso
- Ross University School of Medicine, Miramar, FL 33156, USA;
| | - Dylan Cannon
- Holy Cross Orthopedic Institute, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33334, USA; (H.C.R.); (D.C.)
| | - Ashim Gupta
- BioIntegrate, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA;
- Future Biologics, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
- South Texas Orthopedic Research Institute (STORI Inc.), Laredo, TX 78045, USA
- Veterans in Pain (V.I.P.), Valencia, CA 91354, USA
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