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García-Luna J, Rivero-Osorio F, González-Porcile MC, Arbildi P, Miles S, Magnone J, Velasco-De-Andrés M, Dematteis S, Lozano F, Mourglia-Ettlin G. Recombinant CD5 and CD6 Ectodomains Induce Antiparasitic and Immunomodulatory Effects in Secondary Cystic Echinococcosis. Parasite Immunol 2024; 46:e13034. [PMID: 38625016 DOI: 10.1111/pim.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Scavenger receptors participate in a wide range of biological functions after binding to multiple non-self or altered self-ligands. Among them, CD5 and CD6 are lymphocyte scavenger receptors known to interact with different microbial-associated molecular patterns, and the administration of the recombinant soluble ectodomains of human CD5 (rshCD5) and/or CD6 (rshCD6) has shown therapeutic/prophylactic potential in experimental models of fungal, bacterial and echinococcal infections. The latter is a zoonosis caused by the larval stage of the cestode parasite Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato, which in humans can induce secondary cystic echinococcosis (CE) after the spillage of protoscoleces contained within fertile cysts, either spontaneously or during surgical removal of primary hydatid cysts. Herein, we have analysed the mechanisms behind the significant protection observed in the mouse model of secondary CE following prophylactic administration of rshCD5 or rshCD6. Our results show that both molecules exhibit intrinsic antiparasitic activities in vitro, as well as immunomodulatory functions during early secondary CE, mainly through Th1/Th17 cytokine bias and promotion of peritoneal polyreactive antibodies. These data support the relevance of the parasite components bound by rshCD5 and rshCD6, as well as the potential of their prophylactic administration as a useful strategy to reduce secondary CE in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín García-Luna
- Área Inmunología, Departamento de Biociencias (DEPBIO), Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Unidad Asociada de Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Higiene 'Prof. Arnoldo Berta', Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Graduate Program in Chemistry, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Florencia Rivero-Osorio
- Área Inmunología, Departamento de Biociencias (DEPBIO), Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Unidad Asociada de Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Higiene 'Prof. Arnoldo Berta', Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - María Clara González-Porcile
- Área Inmunología, Departamento de Biociencias (DEPBIO), Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Unidad Asociada de Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Higiene 'Prof. Arnoldo Berta', Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Paula Arbildi
- Área Inmunología, Departamento de Biociencias (DEPBIO), Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Unidad Asociada de Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Higiene 'Prof. Arnoldo Berta', Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sebastián Miles
- Área Inmunología, Departamento de Biociencias (DEPBIO), Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Unidad Asociada de Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Higiene 'Prof. Arnoldo Berta', Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Graduate Program in Chemistry, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Javier Magnone
- Área Inmunología, Departamento de Biociencias (DEPBIO), Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Unidad Asociada de Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Higiene 'Prof. Arnoldo Berta', Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Graduate Program in Chemistry, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - María Velasco-De-Andrés
- Group of Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sylvia Dematteis
- Área Inmunología, Departamento de Biociencias (DEPBIO), Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Unidad Asociada de Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Higiene 'Prof. Arnoldo Berta', Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Francisco Lozano
- Group of Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facltuat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Servei d'Immunologia, Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gustavo Mourglia-Ettlin
- Área Inmunología, Departamento de Biociencias (DEPBIO), Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Unidad Asociada de Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química Biológica (IQB), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Higiene 'Prof. Arnoldo Berta', Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Festari MF, Jara E, Costa M, Iriarte A, Freire T. Truncated O-glycosylation in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer reveals a gene expression signature associated with extracellular matrix and proteolysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1809. [PMID: 38245559 PMCID: PMC10799929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52204-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of death by cancer in women worldwide. Triple-negative (TN) BC constitutes aggressive and highly metastatic tumors associated with shorter overall survival of patients compared to other BC subtypes. The Tn antigen, a glycoconjugated structure resulting from an incomplete O-glycosylation process, is highly expressed in different adenocarcinomas, including BC. It also favors cancer growth, immunoregulation, and metastasis in TNBC. This work describes the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with BC aggressiveness and metastasis in an incomplete O-glycosylated TNBC cell model. We studied the transcriptome of a TNBC model constituted by the metastatic murine 4T1 cell line that overexpresses the Tn antigen due to a mutation in one of the steps of the O-glycosylation pathway. We analyzed and compared the results with the parental wild-type cell line and with a Tn-negative cell clone that was poorly metastatic and less aggressive than the 4T1 parental cell line. To gain insight into the generated expression data, we performed a gene set analysis. Biological processes associated with cancer development and metastasis, immune evasion, and leukocyte recruitment were highly enriched among functional terms of DEGs. Furthermore, different highly O-glycosylated protein-coding genes, such as mmp9, ecm1 and ankyrin-2, were upregulated in 4T1/Tn+ tumor cells. The altered biological processes and DEGs that promote tumor growth, invasion and immunomodulation might explain the aggressive properties of 4T1/Tn+ tumor cells. These results support the hypothesis that incomplete O-glycosylation that leads to the expression of the Tn antigen, which might regulate activity or interaction of different molecules, promotes cancer development and immunoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Florencia Festari
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2125, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Eugenio Jara
- Unidad de Genética y Mejora Animal, Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Monique Costa
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2125, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andrés Iriarte
- Laboratorio de Biología Computacional, Departamento de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Instituto de Higiene, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Dr. Alfredo Navarro 3051, 11600, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Teresa Freire
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2125, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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García-Roche M, Talmón D, Cañibe G, Astessiano AL, Mendoza A, Cassina A, Quijano C, Carriquiry M. Hepatic metabolism of grazing cows of two Holstein strains under two feeding strategies with different levels of pasture inclusion. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290551. [PMID: 37883506 PMCID: PMC10602316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to characterize adaptations of hepatic metabolism of dairy cows of two Holstein strains with varying proportions of grazing in the feeding strategy. Multiparous autumn calving Holstein cows of New Zealand (NZH) and North American (NAH) strains were assigned to a randomized complete block design with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement with two feeding strategies that varied in the proportions of pasture and supplementation: maximum pasture and supplementation with a pelleted concentrate (MaxP) or fixed pasture and supplementation with a total mixed ration (FixP) from May through November of 2018. Hepatic biopsies were taken at - 45 ± 17, 21 ± 7, 100 ± 23 and 180 ± 23 days in milk (DIM), representing prepartum, early lactation, early mid-lactation and late mid-lactation. The effects of DIM, feeding strategy (FS), strain and their interactions were analyzed with mixed models using repeated measures. Cows of both strains had similar triglyceride levels, mitochondrial function and carnitine palmitoyltransferase activity in liver during lactation. However, there was an effect of DIM and FS as liver triglyceride was higher for the MaxP strategy at 21 DIM and both mitochondrial function and carnitine palmitoyltransferase activity in liver were lower for the MaxP strategy at 21 DIM. Hepatic mitochondrial function and acetylation levels were affected by the interaction between strain and feeding strategy as both variables were higher for NAH cows in the MaxP strategy. Mid-lactation hepatic gene expression of enzymes related to fatty acid metabolism and nuclear receptors was higher for NZH than NAH cows. This work confirms the association between liver triglyceride, decreased hepatic mitochondrial function and greater mitochondrial acetylation levels in cows with a higher inclusion of pasture and suggests differential adaptative mechanisms between NAH and NZH cows to strategies with varying proportions of grazing in the feeding strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes García-Roche
- Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Daniel Talmón
- Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Guillermo Cañibe
- Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ana Laura Astessiano
- Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alejandro Mendoza
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Programa Nacional de Producción de Leche, Ruta, Semillero, Uruguay
| | - Adriana Cassina
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Celia Quijano
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mariana Carriquiry
- Facultad de Agronomía, Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Romero AH, Aguilera E, Gotopo L, Cabrera G, Dávila B, Cerecetto H. Optimization of the 2-arylquinazoline-4(3 H)one scaffold for a selective and potent antitrypanosomal agent: modulation of the mechanism of action through chemical functionalization. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:1992-2006. [PMID: 37859724 PMCID: PMC10583831 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00243h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We sought to identify a potent and selective antitrypanosomal agent through modulation of the mechanism of action of a 2-arylquinazoline scaffold as an antitrypanosomal agent via chemical functionalization at the 4-position. We wished to use the: (i) susceptibility of trypanosomatids towards nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS); (ii) capacity of the 4-substituted quinazoline system to act as an antifolate agent. Three quinazolin-based moieties that differed from each other by having at the 4-position key pharmacophores targeting the induction of NO and ROS production were evaluated in vitro against Leishmania infantum and Trypanosoma cruzi parasites and their modes of action were explored. Replacement of an oxygen moiety at the 4-position of the antifolate 2-arylquinazolin-4(3H)one by hydrazinyl and 5-nitrofuryl-hydrazinyl pharmacophores enhanced antitrypanosomatid activity significantly due to promotion of an additional mechanism beyond the antifolate response such as NO or ROS production, respectively. Among the three types of chemical functionalization, the 5-nitrofuryl-hydrazinyl moiety generated the most potent compounds. Compound 3b was a potential candidate thanks to its sub-micromolar response against the promastigotes/amastigotes of L. infantum and epimastigote of T. cruzi, moderate toxicity on macrophages (J774.1), good selectivity index (∼15.1-17.6) and, importantly, non-mutagenic effects. 2-Arylquinazoline could be an attractive platform to design new anti-trypanosomatid agents with the use of key pharmacophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel H Romero
- Grupo de Química Orgánica Medicinal, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica Igual 4225 11400 Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Elena Aguilera
- Grupo de Química Orgánica Medicinal, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica Igual 4225 11400 Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Lourdes Gotopo
- Laboratorio de Síntesis de Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela Los Chaguaramos Caracas 1041-A Venezuela
| | - Gustavo Cabrera
- Laboratorio de Síntesis de Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela Los Chaguaramos Caracas 1041-A Venezuela
| | - Belén Dávila
- Grupo de Química Orgánica Medicinal, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica Igual 4225 11400 Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Hugo Cerecetto
- Grupo de Química Orgánica Medicinal, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica Igual 4225 11400 Montevideo Uruguay
- Área de Radiofarmacia, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica Mataojo 42055 11400 Montevideo Uruguay
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Valle-Lisboa JC, Pomi A, Mizraji E. Multiplicative processing in the modeling of cognitive activities in large neural networks. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:767-785. [PMID: 37681105 PMCID: PMC10480136 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01074-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Explaining the foundation of cognitive abilities in the processing of information by neural systems has been in the beginnings of biophysics since McCulloch and Pitts pioneered work within the biophysics school of Chicago in the 1940s and the interdisciplinary cybernetists meetings in the 1950s, inseparable from the birth of computing and artificial intelligence. Since then, neural network models have traveled a long path, both in the biophysical and the computational disciplines. The biological, neurocomputational aspect reached its representational maturity with the Distributed Associative Memory models developed in the early 70 s. In this framework, the inclusion of signal-signal multiplication within neural network models was presented as a necessity to provide matrix associative memories with adaptive, context-sensitive associations, while greatly enhancing their computational capabilities. In this review, we show that several of the most successful neural network models use a form of multiplication of signals. We present several classical models that included such kind of multiplication and the computational reasons for the inclusion. We then turn to the different proposals about the possible biophysical implementation that underlies these computational capacities. We pinpoint the important ideas put forth by different theoretical models using a tensor product representation and show that these models endow memories with the context-dependent adaptive capabilities necessary to allow for evolutionary adaptation to changing and unpredictable environments. Finally, we show how the powerful abilities of contemporary computationally deep-learning models, inspired in neural networks, also depend on multiplications, and discuss some perspectives in view of the wide panorama unfolded. The computational relevance of multiplications calls for the development of new avenues of research that uncover the mechanisms our nervous system uses to achieve multiplication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Valle-Lisboa
- Group of Cognitive Systems Modeling, Biophysics and Systems Biology Section, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
- Centro Interdisciplinario en Cognición para la Enseñanza y el Aprendizaje (CICEA), Universidad de la República, Espacio Interdisciplinario, 11200 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andrés Pomi
- Group of Cognitive Systems Modeling, Biophysics and Systems Biology Section, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Mizraji
- Group of Cognitive Systems Modeling, Biophysics and Systems Biology Section, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
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Henríquez R, Mestra-Acosta AS, Grez P, Muñoz E, Sessarego G, Navarrete-Astorga E, Dalchiele EA. High-performance asymmetric supercapacitor based on a CdCO 3/CdO/Co 3O 4 composite supported on Ni foam – part II: a three-electrode electrochemical study †. RSC Adv 2023; 13:10068-10081. [PMID: 37006367 PMCID: PMC10052401 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00499f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A binder-free CdCO3/CdO/Co3O4 compound with a micro-cube-like morphology on a nickel foam (NF) made via a facile two-step hydrothermal + annealing procedure has been developed. The morphological, structural and electrochemical behavior of both the single compounds constituting this final product and the final product itself has been studied. The synergistic contribution effect of the single compounds in the final compounded resulting specific capacitance values are presented and discussed. The CdCO3/CdO/Co3O4@NF electrode exhibits excellent supercapacitive performance with a high specific capacitance (CS) of 1.759 × 103 F g−1 at a current density of 1 mA cm−2 and a CS value of 792.3 F g−1 at a current density of 50 mA cm−2 with a very good rate capability. The CdCO3/CdO/Co3O4@NF electrode also demonstrates a high coulombic efficiency of 96% at a current density as high as 50 mA cm−2 and also exhibits a good cycle stability with capacitance retention of ca. 100% after 1000 cycles at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 along with a potential window of 0.4 V. The obtained results suggest that the facilely synthesized CdCO3/CdO/Co3O4 compound has great potential in high-performance electrochemical supercapacitor devices. Schematic illustration of the two-step process involved in the preparation of the different chemical compounds supported on the nickel foam substrates.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Henríquez
- Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoCasilla 4059ValparaísoChile+56 32 2274921
| | - Alifhers S. Mestra-Acosta
- Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoCasilla 4059ValparaísoChile+56 32 2274921
| | - Paula Grez
- Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoCasilla 4059ValparaísoChile+56 32 2274921
| | - Eduardo Muñoz
- Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoCasilla 4059ValparaísoChile+56 32 2274921
| | - Gustavo Sessarego
- Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoCasilla 4059ValparaísoChile+56 32 2274921
| | - Elena Navarrete-Astorga
- Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Física Aplicada I, Laboratorio de Materiales y Superficies (Unidad asociada al CSIC)E29071 MálagaSpain
| | - Enrique A. Dalchiele
- Instituto de Física, Facultad de IngenieríaHerrera y Reissig 565, C. C. 3011000 MontevideoUruguay
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Solís-Cortés D, Navarrete-Astorga E, Schrebler R, Peinado-Pérez JJ, Martín F, Ramos-Barrado JR, Dalchiele EA. A solid-state integrated photo-supercapacitor based on ZnO nanorod arrays decorated with Ag 2S quantum dots as the photoanode and a PEDOT charge storage counter-electrode. RSC Adv 2020; 10:5712-5721. [PMID: 35497434 PMCID: PMC9049565 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10635a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A planar solid-state photocapacitor with two electrodes has been prepared for the first time using a passivated film of ZnS with Ag2S quantum dots deposited on ZnO nanorods, which were electrochemically grown on ZnO seed layers, as the photoanode. The supercapacitor part is composed of a electrodeposited poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene) PEDOT film as the counter-electrode and an ionic liquid-based electrolyte between them deposited by the dip coating method. The different nanostructures and electrodes were morphologically and structurally characterized, and the device was electrochemically characterized and could reach a potential of 0.33 V during photocharge and a storage efficiency of 6.83%.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Solís-Cortés
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamentos de Física Aplicada & Ingeniería Química, Laboratorio de Materiales y Superficies (Unidad Asociada al CSIC) E29071 Málaga Spain +34 952131920
| | - E Navarrete-Astorga
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamentos de Física Aplicada & Ingeniería Química, Laboratorio de Materiales y Superficies (Unidad Asociada al CSIC) E29071 Málaga Spain +34 952131920
| | - R Schrebler
- Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Casilla 4059 Valparaíso Chile
| | - J J Peinado-Pérez
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamentos de Física Aplicada & Ingeniería Química, Laboratorio de Materiales y Superficies (Unidad Asociada al CSIC) E29071 Málaga Spain +34 952131920
| | - F Martín
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamentos de Física Aplicada & Ingeniería Química, Laboratorio de Materiales y Superficies (Unidad Asociada al CSIC) E29071 Málaga Spain +34 952131920
| | - J R Ramos-Barrado
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamentos de Física Aplicada & Ingeniería Química, Laboratorio de Materiales y Superficies (Unidad Asociada al CSIC) E29071 Málaga Spain +34 952131920
| | - E A Dalchiele
- Instituto de Física, Facultad de Ingeniería Herrera y Reissig 565, C.C. 30 11000 Montevideo Uruguay
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Brazo-Sayavera J, Martínez-Valencia MA, Müller L, Andronikos G, Martindale RJJ. Relative age effects in international age group championships: A study of Spanish track and field athletes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196386. [PMID: 29689117 PMCID: PMC5916855 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The relative age effect is a well-researched phenomenon, however there is still a dearth of understanding in track and field and female sport. This study investigated the role of relative age on selection for international competition of Spanish age group athletes between 2006-2014. Six hundred and forty two athletes competed for Spain at U20 or U18 age group international competition (n = 359 males; 283 females) across 9 years. The birthdates of these athletes were compared against the population of registered athletes at that time (14,502 males; 10,096 females). The results highlighted the influential role of relative age on selection to these opportunities. In line with previous research, this effect was mediated by age and gender, with stronger effects for both males and younger athletes (U18). The data best supported the 'maturation-selection' hypothesis as a mechanism for RAEs. These results highlight the need to carefully consider the role and need for international competitive opportunities at different age groups. A number of possible context relevant solutions are discussed, including correction adjustments techniques and competition structure within track and field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- Sport Sciences Faculty, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- Instituto Superior de Educación Física, Universidad de la Republica, Rivera, Uruguay
| | | | - Lisa Müller
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Georgios Andronikos
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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