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Janovský P, Springer A, Filip J, Prucková Z, Nečas M, Rouchal M, Schalley CA, Vícha R. para-Phenylenediamine Dimer as a Redox-Active Guest for Supramolecular Systems. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400535. [PMID: 38415892 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Redox-active components are highly valuable in the construction of molecular devices. We combined two p-phenylenediamines (p-PDA) with a biphenyl (BiPhe) unit to prepare a supramolecular guest 4 consisting of three binding sites for cucurbit[7/8]uril (CBn) and/or cyclodextrins (CD). Supramolecular properties of 4 were investigated using NMR, UV-vis, mass spectrometry and isothermal titration calorimetry. Our analysis revealed that 4 forms higher-order host-guest complexes, wherein a CD unit occupies the central BiPhe site, secured by two CBn units at the terminal p-PDA sites. Additionally, 1 : 1 complexes with α-CD and β-CD, a 1 : 2 complex with γ-CD and 2 : 1 complexes with CB7 and CB8 were identified. Through UV-vis and cyclic voltammetry, redox processes leading to the formation of a stable, deep blue dication diradical of 4 are elucidated. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that CB7 selectively protects oxidised 4 from reduction in the presence of a reducing agent. The supramolecular and redox properties of the structural motif represented by 4 render it an interesting candidate for the construction of supramolecular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Janovský
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 5669, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Andreas Springer
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 20, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Filip
- Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Nad Ovčírnou, 3685, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeňka Prucková
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 5669, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Nečas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Rouchal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 5669, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Christoph A Schalley
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 20, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Vícha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 5669, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic
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ul zia N, Burita L, Yang Y. Inter-organizational social capital of firms in developing economies and industry 4.0 readiness: the role of innovative capability and absorptive capacity Author-1. Rev Manag Sci 2022. [PMCID: PMC8959805 DOI: 10.1007/s11846-022-00539-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The globalization of markets provides opportunities for firms to collaborate on various activities. These collaborations are the resource of social capital for firms to achieve sustainable competitiveness. This study aims to investigate how social capital (i.e., structural, relational, and cognitive social capital) between firms in a developing economy and developed economy strengthens their innovation capability and enhance their industry 4.0 readiness. Using Smart PLS-SEM to analyse the data collected from 320 managers representing 81 manufacturing firms in Pakistan, we found that social capital is positively associated with industry 4.0 readiness, and innovative capability mediates this relationship. The study contributes to the existing knowledge of understanding industry 4.0 readiness and provides useful insights for firms in developing economy to improves their innovation capability during the industry 4.0 era. This study likewise reveals the significance of three dimensions of social capital, which can facilitate to bring in digital knowledge from developed economies to developed economies to get ready for the fourth industrial revolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najam ul zia
- Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Mostní 5139, 760 01 Zlín, Czechia
| | - Ladislav Burita
- University of Defense in Brno, Kounicova 65, 662 10 Brno, Czechia
| | - Yumei Yang
- Bournemouth University, 19 Christchurch Road, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
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Drohsler P, Cisar J, Sopik T, Sedlarik V, Pummerova M. Effect of an Antioxidant Based on Red Beetroot Extract on the Abiotic Stability of Polylactide and Polycaprolactone. Molecules 2021; 26:5190. [PMID: 34500624 PMCID: PMC8434083 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of natural antioxidants inherent to beetroot (Beta vulgaris var. Vulgaris) on the ageing of environmentally friendly plastics. Certain properties were examined in this context, comprising thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties. A visual evaluation of relevant changes in the given polymers (polylactide and polycaprolactone) was conducted during an ageing test in a UV chamber (45 °C, 70% humidity) for 720 h. The films were prepared by a casting process, in which samples with the extract of beetroot were additionally incorporated in a common filler (bentonite), this serving as a carrier for the extract. The results showed the effect of the incorporated antioxidant, which was added to stabilize the biodegradable films. Its efficiency during the ageing test in the polymers tended to exceed or be comparable to that of the reference sample.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Martina Pummerova
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Tr. T. Bati 5678, 76001 Zlín, Czech Republic; (P.D.); (J.C.); (T.S.); (V.S.)
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Vítková L, Musilová L, Achbergerová E, Minařík A, Smolka P, Wrzecionko E, Mráček A. Electrospinning of Hyaluronan Using Polymer Coelectrospinning and Intermediate Solvent. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1517. [PMID: 31540478 PMCID: PMC6780821 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we present methods of sodium hyaluronate, also denoted as hyaluronan (HA), nanofiber fabrication using a direct-current (DC) electric field. HA was spun in combination with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) and as a pure polymer. Nonaggressive solvents were used due to the possible use of the fibers in life sciences. The influences of polymer concentration, average molecular weight (Mw), viscosity, and solution surface tension were analyzed. HA and PVA were fluorescent-labeled in order to examine the electrospun structures using fluorescence confocal microscopy. In this study, two intermediate solvent mixtures that facilitate HA electrospinning were found. In the case of polymer co-electrospinning, the effect of the surfactant content on the HA/PVA electrospinning process, and the effect of HA Mw on HA/PEO nanofiber morphology, were examined, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Vítková
- Department of Physics and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Thomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
| | - Lenka Musilová
- Department of Physics and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Thomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
- Center of Polymer Systems, Thomas Bata University in Zlín, tř. Tomáše Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
| | - Eva Achbergerová
- CEBIA-Tech, Faculty of Applied Informatics, Thomas Bata University in Zlín, Nad Stráněmi 4511, 760 05 Zlín, Czech Republic.
| | - Antonín Minařík
- Department of Physics and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Thomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
- Center of Polymer Systems, Thomas Bata University in Zlín, tř. Tomáše Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Smolka
- Department of Physics and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Thomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
- Center of Polymer Systems, Thomas Bata University in Zlín, tř. Tomáše Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
| | - Erik Wrzecionko
- Department of Physics and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Thomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
- Center of Polymer Systems, Thomas Bata University in Zlín, tř. Tomáše Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
| | - Aleš Mráček
- Department of Physics and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Thomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
- Center of Polymer Systems, Thomas Bata University in Zlín, tř. Tomáše Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
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Karakurt I, Ozaltin K, Vesela D, Lehocky M, Humpolíček P, Mozetič M. Antibacterial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Immobilized Glucosamine/Chondroitin Sulfate on Polylactic Acid Films. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1186. [PMID: 31311162 PMCID: PMC6680945 DOI: 10.3390/polym11071186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most produced polymeric materials, due to its exceptional chemical and mechanical properties. Some of them, such as biodegradability and biocompatibility, make them attractive for biomedical applications. Conversely, the major drawback of PLA in the biomedical field is their vulnerability to bacterial contamination. This study focuses on the immobilization of saccharides onto the PLA surface by a multistep approach, with the aim of providing antibacterial features and evaluting the synergistic effect of these saccharides. In this approach, after poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) brushes attached non-covalently to the PLA surface via plasma post-irradiation grafting technique, immobilization of glucosamine (GlcN) and chondroitin sulfate (ChS) to the PAA brushes was carried out. To understand the changes in surface properties, such as chemical composition, surface topography and hydrophilicity, the untreated and treated PLA films were analyzed using various characterization techniques (contact angle, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). In vitro cytotoxicity assays were investigated by the methyl tetrazolium test. The antibacterial activity of the PLA samples was tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria strains. Plasma-treated films immobilized with ChS and GlcN, separately and in combination, demonstrated bactericidal effect against the both bacteria strains and also the results revealed that the combination has no synergistic effect on antibacterial action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkay Karakurt
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Nam. T.G.M. 5555, 76001 Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Kadir Ozaltin
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Nam. T.G.M. 5555, 76001 Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Vesela
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Nam. T.G.M. 5555, 76001 Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Marian Lehocky
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Nam. T.G.M. 5555, 76001 Zlín, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavreckova 275, 76001 Zlín, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Humpolíček
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Nam. T.G.M. 5555, 76001 Zlín, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavreckova 275, 76001 Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Miran Mozetič
- Department of Surface Engineering, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Hęclik K, Szyszkowska A, Trzybiński D, Woźniak K, Klasek A, Zarzyka I. Esters with imidazo [1,5-c] quinazoline-3,5-dione ring spectral characterization and quantum-mechanical modeling. J Mol Model 2017; 23:107. [PMID: 28275905 PMCID: PMC5343086 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3284-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
1-phenyl-2H,6H-imidazo[1,5-c]quinazoline-3,5-dione reacts with ethyl bromoacetate under mild conditions to give 2-(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-1-phenyl-6H-imidazo[1,5-c]quinazoline-3,5-dione (MEPIQ) and next 2,6-bis(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-1-phenylimidazo[1,5-c]quinazoline-3,5-dione (BEPIQ). The products were isolated at high yield and identified on the basis of IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR, UV spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. Diester (BEPIQ) can be presented by 16 possible pair of enantiomers. Only one pair of them is the most stable and crystallizes which is shown crystallographic research. Based on quantum-mechanical modeling, with the use of DFT method, which conformers of mono- and diester and why they were formed was explained. It was calculated that 99.93% of the monoester (MEPIQ) is formed at position No. 2 and one pair of the monoester conformers, from six possible, has the largest share (51.63%). These results afforded to limit the number of diester conformers to eight. Unfortunately, the quantum-mechanical calculations performed that their shares are similar. Further quantum-mechanical modeling showed that conformers are able to undergo mutual transformations. As a result only one pair of diester conformers forms crystals. These conformers have substituents in trans position and these substituents are located parallel to imidazoquinazoline ring. This allows for the denser packing of the molecules in the unit cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hęclik
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - A Szyszkowska
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - D Trzybiński
- Department of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Woźniak
- Department of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Klasek
- Faculty of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, CZ-762 72, Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - I Zarzyka
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
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