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Khan NA, Luo M, Zha X, Azad CS, Lu J, Chen J, Fan C, Rahman AU, Olson MA, Jiang Z, Wang D. Water/Vapor Assisted Fabrication of Large-Area Superprotonic Conductive Covalent Organic Framework Membranes. Small 2023; 19:e2303131. [PMID: 37344349 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Fabrication of large-area ionic covalent organic framework membranes (iCOMs) remains a grand challenge. Herein, the authors report the liquid water and water vapor-assisted fabrication of large-area superprotonic conductive iCOMs. A mixed monomer solution containing 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (TFP) in 1,4-dioxane and p-diaminobenzenesulfonic acid (DABA) in water is first polymerized to obtain a pristine membrane which subsequently underwent crystallization process in mixed vapors containing water vapor. During the polymerization stage, water played a role of a diluting agent, weakening the Coulombic repulsion between sulfonic acid groups. During the crystallization stage, water vapor played a role of a structure-directing agent to facilitate the formation of highly crystalline, large-area iCOMs. The resulting membranes achieved a proton conductivity value of 0.76 S cm-1 at 90 °C under 100% relative humidity, which is among the highest ever reported. Using liquid water and water vapor as versatile additives open a novel avenue to the fabrication of large-area membranes from covalent organic frameworks and other kinds of crystalline organic framework materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niaz Ali Khan
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, P. R. China
| | - Mengying Luo
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, P. R. China
| | - Xinlin Zha
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, P. R. China
| | - Chandra S Azad
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Jing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, P. R. China
| | - Chunyang Fan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Ata Ur Rahman
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Mark A Olson
- Department of Physical & Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, 78412, USA
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, P. R. China
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