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Vesterinen T, Peltola E, Leijon H, Hannula P, Huhtala H, Mäkinen MJ, Nieminen L, Pirinen E, Rönty M, Söderström M, Jaatinen P, Arola J. Immunohistochemical Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Expression in Human Insulinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15164. [PMID: 37894845 PMCID: PMC10606800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulinomas are rare functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, which metastasize in 10% of cases. As predicting the prognosis can be challenging, there is a need for the determination of clinicopathological factors associated with metastatic potential. The aim of this study is to evaluate the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) expression in insulinomas and to analyse its association with clinicopathological features and patient outcome. This retrospective study involves pancreatic tumour tissue samples from fifty-two insulinoma patients. After histological re-evaluation, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples were processed into tissue microarrays and stained immunohistochemically with a monoclonal GLP-1R antibody. Forty-eight of the forty-nine (98%) non-metastatic tumours expressed GLP-1R, while one non-metastatic, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)-related tumour and all three of the metastatic tumours lacked GLP-1R expression. The lack of GLP-1R expression was associated with impaired overall survival, larger tumour diameter, higher Ki-67 PI and weaker insulin staining. Somatostatin receptor 1-5 expression did not differ between GLP-1R-positive and GLP-1R-negative insulinomas. In conclusion, the lack of GLP-1R expression is associated with metastatic disease and impaired survival in insulinoma patients. Thus, GLP-1R expression could be a useful biomarker in estimating the metastatic potential of the tumour and the prognosis of surgically treated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Vesterinen
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (T.V.); (H.L.); (M.R.); (J.A.)
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elina Peltola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland; (E.P.); (P.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Helena Leijon
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (T.V.); (H.L.); (M.R.); (J.A.)
| | - Päivi Hannula
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland; (E.P.); (P.H.)
- Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Heini Huhtala
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland;
| | - Markus J. Mäkinen
- Department of Pathology, Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Lasse Nieminen
- Fimlab Laboratories, Pathology Department, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland;
| | - Elina Pirinen
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70029 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - Mikko Rönty
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (T.V.); (H.L.); (M.R.); (J.A.)
| | - Mirva Söderström
- Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland;
| | - Pia Jaatinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland; (E.P.); (P.H.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
- Division of Internal Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Johanna Arola
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (T.V.); (H.L.); (M.R.); (J.A.)
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