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Huang J, Li X, Chen X, Zhai C, Zheng Y, Chi Y, Li Y, He Q, Gong Q, Wang J. Demonstration of hypergraph-state quantum information processing. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2601. [PMID: 38521765 PMCID: PMC10960808 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46830-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Complex entangled states are the key resources for measurement-based quantum computations, which is realised by performing a sequence of measurements on initially entangled qubits. Executable quantum algorithms in the graph-state quantum computing model are determined by the entanglement structure and the connectivity of entangled qubits. By generalisation from graph-type entanglement in which only the nearest qubits interact to a new type of hypergraph entanglement in which any subset of qubits can be arbitrarily entangled via hyperedges, hypergraph states represent more general resource states that allow arbitrary quantum computation with Pauli universality. Here we report experimental preparation, certification and processing of complete categories of four-qubit hypergraph states under the principle of local unitary equivalence, on a fully reprogrammable silicon-photonic quantum chip. Genuine multipartite entanglement for hypergraph states is certificated by the characterisation of entanglement witness, and the observation of violations of Mermin inequalities without any closure of distance or detection loopholes. A basic measurement-based protocol and an efficient resource state verification by color-encoding stabilizers are implemented with local Pauli measurement to benchmark the building blocks for hypergraph-state quantum computation. Our work prototypes hypergraph entanglement as a general resource for quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieshan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xiaojiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Chonghao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Chi
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, 226010, Jiangsu, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Qiongyi He
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, 226010, Jiangsu, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, 226010, Jiangsu, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China.
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, 226010, Jiangsu, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China.
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