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Liu S, Tao Y, Wu S, Lin J, Fu S, Lu J, Zhang J, Fu B, Zhang E, Xu J, Wang J, Li L, Zhang L, Wang Z. Sanguinarine chloride induces ferroptosis by regulating ROS/BACH1/HMOX1 signaling pathway in prostate cancer. Chin Med 2024; 19:7. [PMID: 38195593 PMCID: PMC10777654 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00881-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sanguinarine chloride (S.C) is a benzophenanthrine alkaloid derived from the root of sanguinaria canadensis and other poppy-fumaria species. Studies have reported that S.C exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, proapoptotic, and growth inhibitory effects, which contribute to its anti-cancer properties. Recent studies suggested that the antitumor effect of S.C through inducing ferroptosis in some cancers. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism underlying the regulation of ferroptosis by S.C remains poorly understood. METHODS A small molecule library was constructed based on FDA and CFDA approved small molecular drugs. CCK-8 assay was applied to evaluate the effects of the small molecule compound on tumor cell viability. Prostate cancer cells were treated with S.C and then the cell viability and migration ability were assessed using CCK8, colony formation and wound healing assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and iron accumulation were quantified through flow cytometry analysis. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total glutathione (GSH) were measured using commercially available kits. RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the treatment groups. Western blotting and qPCR were utilized to investigate the expression of relevant proteins and genes. In vivo experiments employed a xenograft mice model to evaluate the anti-cancer efficacy of S.C. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that S.C effectively inhibited the viability of various prostate cancer cells. Notably, S.C exhibited the ability to enhance the cytotoxicity of docetaxel in DU145 cells. We found that S.C-induced cell death partially relied on the induction of ferroptosis, which was mediated through up-regulation of HMOX1 protein. Additionally, our investigation revealed that S.C treatment decreased the stability of BACH1 protein, which contributed to HMOX1expression. We further identified that S.C-induced ROS caused BACH1 instability by suppressing USP47expression. Moreover, In DU145 xenograft model, we found S.C significantly inhibited prostate cancer growth, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic strategy. Collectively, these findings provide evidence that S.C could induce regulated cell death (RCD) in prostate cancer cells and effectively inhibit tumor growth via triggering ferroptosis. This study provides evidence that S.C effectively suppresses tumor progression and induces ferroptosis in prostate cancer cells by targeting ROS/USP47/BACH1/HMOX1 axis. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that S.C effectively suppresses tumor progression and induces ferroptosis in prostate cancer cells by targeting the ROS/USP47/BACH1/HMOX1 axis. These findings offer novel insights into the underlying mechanism by which S.C inhibits the progression of prostate cancer. Furthermore, leveraging the potential of S.C in targeting ferroptosis may present a new therapeutic opportunity for prostate cancer. This study found that S.C induces ferroptosis by targeting the ROS/USP47/BACH1/HMOX1 axis in prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhui Liu
- Institute of Urology, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
| | - Yan Tao
- Institute of Urology, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Shan Wu
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jiawei Lin
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengjun Fu
- Institute of Urology, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Jianzhong Lu
- Institute of Urology, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Urology, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Beitang Fu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, 830000, China
| | - Erdong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicinal Resources, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jiaxuan Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Lanlan Li
- Institute of Urology, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Institute of Urology, Clinical Research Center for Urology in Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Urological Disease in Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
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