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Li N, Huang Y, Wu Y, Wang Q, Ji P. Extracellular vesicles derived from monomeric α-synuclein-treated microglia ameliorate neuroinflammation by delivery of miRNAs targeting PRAK. Neurosci Lett 2024; 818:137562. [PMID: 37984486 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the formation of Lewy body, which mainly contains misfolded α-synuclein. Microglial activation plays a role in neurodegeneration. The pathologically oligomeric α-synuclein promotes inflammatory microglia, while physiologically monomeric α-synuclein induces anti-inflammatory microglia, the relationship between these two forms in activating microglia and the molecular mechanism is essentially unknown. In this study, using in vivo and in vitro models, we challenged primary or BV2 microglia with exogenous stimuli including α-synuclein. We examined microglial activation and the underlying mechanism by Western blot, RT-PCR, ELISA, IF, FCM, miRNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. Oligomeric α-synuclein activatedmicroglia via theinvolvement of the PRAK/MK5 pathway. The specific PRAK inhibitor GLPG0259 could mitigate microglial activation insulted by oligomeric α-synuclein. Monomeric α-synuclein regulated theanti-inflammatory microglia by delivering microglia-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in vitro and in vivo. Furthersequencingand bioinformatic analysis of microglial EVs-associated miRNAs indicatedthatmost of these miRNAs targeted PRAK. These results suggest that PRAK serves as an intersection in microglial activation when challenged with conformationally different α-synuclein. EVs derived from microglia treated with monomeric α-synuclein promote anti-inflammatory microglia by delivering miRNAs that target PRAK into recipient microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yang Huang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yufeng Wu
- Clinical Laboratory Department of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Pengyu Ji
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
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Lin D, Liang Y, Jing X, Chen Y, Lei M, Zeng Z, Zhou T, Wu X, Peng S, Zheng D, Huang K, Yang L, Xiao S, Liu J, Tao E. Microarray analysis of an synthetic α-synuclein induced cellular model reveals the expression profile of long non-coding RNA in Parkinson's disease. Brain Res 2017; 1678:384-396. [PMID: 29137975 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new research focus that are reported to influence the pathogenetic process of neurodegenerative disorders. To uncover new disease-associated genes and their relevant mechanisms, we carried out a gene microarray analysis based on a Parkinson's disease (PD) in vitro model induced by α-synuclein oligomers. This cellular model induced by 25 μmol/L α-synuclein oligomers has been confirmed to show the stable, transmissible neurotoxicity of α-synuclein, a typical PD pathological marker. And several differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were identified in this model, such as G046036, G030771, AC009365.4, RPS14P3, CTB-11I22.1, and G007549. Subsequent ceRNA analysis determined the potential relationships between these lncRNAs and their associated mRNAs and microRNAs. The results of the present study widen our horizon of PD susceptibility genes and provide new pathways towards efficient diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lin
- Department of Neurology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Y Liang
- Department of Neurology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - X Jing
- Department of Neurology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - M Lei
- Department of Neurology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Z Zeng
- Department of Neurology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - T Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - X Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - S Peng
- Department of Neurology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - D Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - K Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - L Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - S Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - E Tao
- Department of Neurology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Zhang W, Gao JH, Yan ZF, Huang XY, Guo P, Sun L, Liu Z, Hu Y, Zuo LJ, Yu SY, Cao CJ, Wang XM, Hong JS. Minimally Toxic Dose of Lipopolysaccharide and α-Synuclein Oligomer Elicit Synergistic Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration: Role and Mechanism of Microglial NOX2 Activation. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:619-32. [PMID: 27975175 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the role and mechanism of microglial NOX2 activation in minimally toxic dose of LPS and Syn-elicited synergistic dopaminergic neurodegeneration. NOX2+/+ and NOX2-/- mice and multiple primary cultures were treated with LPS and/or Syn in vivo and in vitro. Neuronal function and morphology were evaluated by uptake of related neurotransmitter and immunostaining with specific antibody. Levels of superoxide, intracellular reactive oxygen species, mRNA and protein of relevant molecules, and dopamine were detected. LPS and Syn synergistically induce selective and progressive dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Microglia are functionally and morphologically activated, contributing to synergistic dopaminergic neurotoxicity elicited by LPS and Syn. NOX2-/- mice are more resistant to synergistic neurotoxicity than NOX2+/+mice in vivo and in vitro, and NOX2 inhibitor protects against synergistic neurotoxicity through decreasing microglial superoxide production, illustrating a critical role of microglial NOX2. Microglial NOX2 is activated by LPS and Syn as mRNA and protein levels of NOX2 subunits P47and gp91 are enhanced. Molecules relevant to microglial NOX2 activation include PKC-σ, P38, ERK1/2, JNK, and NF-КBP50 as their mRNA and protein levels are elevated after treatment with LPS and Syn. Combination of exogenous and endogenous environmental factors with minimally toxic dose synergistically propagates dopaminergic neurodegeneration through activating microglial NOX2 and relevant signaling molecules, casting a new light for PD pathogenesis.
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