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Szucs Z, Thway K, Fisher C, Bulusu R, Constantinidou A, Benson C, van der Graaf WT, Jones RL. Molecular subtypes of gastrointestinal stromal tumors and their prognostic and therapeutic implications. Future Oncol 2016; 13:93-107. [PMID: 27600498 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2016-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are composed of various molecular subtypes, with differing prognostic and predictive relevance. Previously, tumors lacking mutations in the KIT and PDGFRA genes have been designated as 'wild-type' GISTs; however, they represent a heterogeneous group currently undergoing further subclassification. Primary and secondary resistance to imatinib poses a significant clinical challenge, therefore ongoing research is trying to evaluate mechanisms to overcome resistance. Thorough understanding of the prognostic and predictive relevance of different genetic subtypes of GIST can guide clinical decision-making both in the adjuvant and the metastatic setting. Further work is required to identify tailored therapies for specific subgroups of GISTs wild-type for KIT and PDGFRA mutations and to identify predictive factors of resistance to currently approved systemic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Szucs
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Khin Thway
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Cyril Fisher
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Ramesh Bulusu
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - Charlotte Benson
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Winette Ta van der Graaf
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK.,The Institute of Cancer Research, Cotswold Road, Sutton, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Robin L Jones
- The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
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