PREDICTING PROGRESSION TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A 3-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY EXAMINING RISK FACTORS FOR TYPE 2 DIABETES IN PATIENTS WITH PREDIABETES

OBJECTIVE

Aim: To study the risk factors in patients with prediabetes that can lead to the progression of impaired glucose tolerance in the form of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Materials and methods: The selection of patients for this study was carried out on an outpatient basis at the Department of Therapy and Family Medicine, Uzhhorod National University. Patients with prediabetes were identified based on the American Diabetes Association criteria. Informed consent was obtained from all patients before the start of the study. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group 1 (n=37) that received typical treatment according to the recommendations of the American Diabetes Association and the control Group 2 (n=42). At the 3rd year of the study, we determined the body mass index, glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin levels of the patients, also their medical documentation was analyzed and patients were interviewed about concomitant diseases.

RESULTS

Results: Analyzing the 3-year follow-up of patients with prediabetes, cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus were detected in both groups, but there is no statistically significant difference when comparing the indicators between the groups (p>0.05).

CONCLUSION

Conclusions: In our study, we analyzed the risk factors in patients with prediabetes that can lead to type 2 diabetes. During a 3-year follow-up, we identified cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

SCHOOLTEACHERS' PERSONAL-PROFESSIONAL HEALTH-PROTECTING FACTORS

OBJECTIVE

Aim: To study the risk factors in patients with prediabetes that can lead to the progression of impaired glucose tolerance in the form of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Materials and methods: The selection of patients for this study was carried out on an outpatient basis at the Department of Therapy and Family Medicine, Uzhhorod National University. Patients with prediabetes were identified based on the American Diabetes Association criteria. Informed consent was obtained from all patients before the start of the study. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group 1 (n=37) that received typical treatment according to the recommendations of the American Diabetes Association and the control Group 2 (n=42). At the 3rd year of the study, we determined the body mass index, glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin levels of the patients, also their medical documentation was analyzed and patients were interviewed about concomitant diseases.

RESULTS

Results: Analyzing the 3-year follow-up of patients with prediabetes, cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus were detected in both groups, but there is no statistically significant difference when comparing the indicators between the groups (p>0.05).

CONCLUSION

Conclusions: In our study, we analyzed the risk factors in patients with prediabetes that can lead to type 2 diabetes. During a 3-year follow-up, we identified cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

RISK OF OCCURRENCE AND WAYS TO IMPROVE THE TREATMENT OF UROLITHIASIS IN PATIENTS WITH A SINGLE KIDNEY

OBJECTIVE

The aim: To summarize the state of the problem of urolithiasis in patients with a single kidney and consider current views on improving its treatment based on the analysis of world literature.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Materials and methods: The study conducted a thorough analysis of modern scientific literature sources in the international scientometric database, which highlighted the development of urolithiasis in patients with a single kidney and the peculiarities of its treatment. The main ways to improve treatment are identified. A critical assessment of the achievements and shortcomings of various surgical treatments. The authors' own developments are presented in the article.

CONCLUSION

Conclusions: The topographic position of the kidney in the retroperitoneal space affects not only the occurrence of pathological processes in the kidney, but also the surgical strategy in the treatment of nephrolithiasis. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is the main treatment for large (> 2 cm) or complex kidney stones. Patients with a single kidney are more prone to bleeding with PCNL treatment than patients with bilateral kidneys because they have an increased thickness of the renal parenchyma as a result of compensatory hypertrophy. RIRS is a reliable choice for patients with a single kidney who is contraindicated in PCNL.

Comparison of the effect of dapagliflozin on contrast to standard therapy of the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and concomitant obesity, their effect on laboratory and anthropometric parameters

OBJECTIVE

The aim: Evaluate clinical and laboratory parameters of the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and concomitant obesity after a course of dapagliflozin treatment and compare with a standard treatment regimen.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Materials and methods: Conducted a comprehensive clinical laboratory examination and measurement of the anthropometric parameters of the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and concomitant obesity, with subsequent statistical calculations.

RESULTS

Results: The data obtained at different stages of the study revealed a statistically significant effect of glucose treatment and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Since the 6th month of dapagliflozin treatment, we have shown a tendency to lose weight compared to baseline in this group of patients and controls.

CONCLUSION

Conclusions: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity significantly increase the risk of developing a number of complications. Complex control and effects on clinical laboratory and anthropometric parameters can statistically significantly influence the development of the complications, and in this context, dapaglifloflozin showed statistically better results than standard metformin monotherapy.

Application of vitamin D in different dosage to treat children with allergic diseases

OBJECTIVE

The aim:Tostudythedynamicsof thelevelof 25(ОН)D, ІL-4, ІL-10, and IgG in the bloodserum of children with allergicdiseasesandtostudytheclinicaleffectof vitamin D3 administration n different dosage in this category of patients.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Materials andmethods: 153 children aged 3-16 with such allergicdiseasesasbronchialasthma, atopicdermatitisandallergicrhinitis havebeen examined. The level of 25(ОН) D was determined using the electrochemiluminescence method, while the levels of ІL-4, ІL-10 and IgG were assessed using enzyme-linked immunoassay.

RESULTS

Results: In the contrasting of the initial level of 25(ОН)D in the blood serum of patients after administration of 2,000 IU of vitamin D3 over 2 months, after summer and after treatment with cholecalciferol in higherdoses (4,000-5,000 IU) over 2 months, significant difference wasestablishedbetween the indicators by the Friedman criterion (λ2 = 41.211; P < 0.05). In thesimilar contrasting of ІL-4 indicators, a significant difference between them was traced (P < 0.05) in the period of acute disease as well as the downward tendency in the period of remission. In the similar contrasting of ІL-10 indicators, a significant difference between them was traced (P < 0.05) in the acute period and in the period of disease remission. In the similar contrasting of IgG indicators, adownward tendency was tracedin theperiodof acutedisease and significantdecrease (P < 0.05) - in the period of disease remission. In thecontrasting of 25(ОН)D and ІL-4, ІL-10 figuresastrongreversecorrelation relationship was traced. The therapeutic effect of the administration of vitamin D3 medication in different doses in children with allergic diseases was traced.

CONCLUSION

Conclusions: The data obtained shows that in the treatment of children with bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis the complex therapy should include vitamin D3 medications in different doses within a long-term course of treatment.

[Stroke as the first manifestation of atrial fibrillation]

Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common causes of ischaemic stroke, especially among the elderly. Cardiogenic stroke accounts for approximately 15-25& of all ischaemic strokes, depending on different studies. About 1/3 of all ischaemic strokes have an unknown cause and it is estimated that paroxysmal atrial fibrillation contributes to cryptogenic ischaemic strokes. De novo atrial fibrillation accounts for even over 20& of ischaemic strokes. The number of patients with atrial fibrillation has probably increased due to the aging of the population and more precise diagnostic procedures. Detection of atrial fibrillation is of great importance because ischaemic stroke due to atrial fibrillation is characterized by a tendency to recurrence, worse prognosis, longer hospitalization and higher mortality. Atrial fibrillation remains undiagnosed in a large percentage of cases. Holter ECG monitoring is most often used for diagnostic purposes. However, the diagnostic process should also include long-term Holter ECG monitoring because atrial fibrillation is detected only in a small percentage of cases when 24-h ECG monitoring is used. Our paper stresses the fact that the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation, particularly de novo, is very important for further therapeutic treatment i.e. the use of anticoagulants i.e. both the antagonists of vitamin K and NOACs.

[Treatment of neuroendocrine tumors with radio-labeled somatostatin analogues]

There is a steady increase in the number of neuroendocrine tumors. Although the knowledge about this tumors' biology is increasing, they are still diagnosed in advanced stadium, when surgical treatment is not an option. One of the treatment methods which are available in this group of patients is peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, which should be considered in selected patients. This treatment is usually well tolerated by patients, though severe adverse events may occur, such as myelosuppression or renal failure.