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Gautam D, Dolma KG, Khandelwal B, Gupta M, Singh M, Mahboob T, Teotia A, Thota P, Bhattacharya J, Goyal R, M.R. Oliveira S, Pereira MDL, Wiart C, Wilairatana P, Eawsakul K, Rahmatullah M, Saravanabhavan SS, Nissapatorn V. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ocimum sanctum Linn. and its antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15590. [PMID: 37529215 PMCID: PMC10389072 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The biosynthesis of nanoparticles using the green route is an effective strategy in nanotechnology that provides a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to physical and chemical methods. This study aims to prepare an aqueous extract of Ocimum sanctum (O. sanctum)-based silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through the green route and test their antibacterial activity. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterised by colour change, UV spectrometric analysis, FTIR, and particle shape and size morphology by SEM and TEM images. The nanoparticles are almost spherical to oval or rod-shaped with smooth surfaces and have a mean particle size in the range of 55 nm with a zeta potential of -2.7 mV. The antibacterial activities of AgNPs evaluated against clinically isolated multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) showed that the AgNPs from O. sanctum are effective in inhibiting A. baumannii growth with a zone of inhibition of 15 mm in the agar well diffusion method and MIC and MBC of 32 µg/mL and 64 µg/mL, respectively. The SEM images of A. baumannii treated with AgNPs revealed damage and rupture in bacterial cells. The time-killing assay by spectrophotometry revealed the time- and dose-dependent killing action of AgNPs against A. baumannii, and the assay at various concentrations and time intervals indicated a statistically significant result in comparison with the positive control colistin at 2 µg/mL (P < 0.05). The cytotoxicity test using the MTT assay protocol showed that prepared nanoparticles of O. sanctum are less toxic against human cell A549. This study opens up a ray of hope to explore the further research in this area and to improve the antimicrobial activities against multidrug resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepan Gautam
- School of Allied Health Sciences and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Karma Gurmey Dolma
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Bidita Khandelwal
- Department of Medicine, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Madhu Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Meghna Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Tooba Mahboob
- School of Allied Health Sciences and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Anil Teotia
- Department of Microbiology, Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Ghaziabad, Utter Pradesh, India
| | - Prasad Thota
- Department of Microbiology, Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Ghaziabad, Utter Pradesh, India
| | | | - Ramesh Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonia M.R. Oliveira
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, Australia
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Medical Science, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Christophe Wiart
- The Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, University Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Komgrit Eawsakul
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Mohammed Rahmatullah
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shanmuga Sundar Saravanabhavan
- Department of Biotechnology, Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Vinayak Mission’s Research Foundation (DU), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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Yang P, Geng C, Zhu S, Zhou Z, Bilal M, Gu C, Xu H, Ji L, Xiao B, Wang J, Qian Z, Zhao L, Zhao Y, Lu H. Identification and functional analysis of non-coding regulatory small RNA FenSr3 in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LPB-18. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15236. [PMID: 37214100 PMCID: PMC10194069 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is an interesting microbe in the food processing and manufacturing industries. Non-coding small RNAs (sRNAs) have been shown to play a crucial role in the physiology and metabolism of bacteria by post-transcriptionally regulating gene expression. This study investigated the function of novel sRNA FenSr3 by constructing fenSr3 deficient strain and complementary strains in B. amyloliquefaciens LPB-18 , which were named LPN-18N and LPB-18P, respectively. The result showed significant differences in fengycin yield between strain LPB -18N and LPB-18P. The production of fengycin was significantly enhanced in B. amyloliquefaciens LPB-18N, compared with that of the strain LPB-18 from 190.908 mg/L to 327.598 mg/L. Moreover, the production of fengycin decreased from 190.464 mg/L to 38.6 mg/L in B . amyloliquefaciens LPB-18P. A comparative transcriptome sequencing was carried out to better understand the complex regulatory mechanism. Transcription analysis revealed that 1037 genes were differentially expressed between B. amyloliquefaciens LPB-18 and B. amyloliquefaciens LPB-18N, including the key regulatory genes in fatty acid, amino acid biosynthesis, and central carbon metabolism, which could provide sufficient quantities of building precursors for fengycin biosynthesis. The biofilm formation and sporulation was also enhanced in the strain LPB-18N, which indicates that FenSr3 could play a vital role in stress resistance and promotes survival in B. amyloliquefaciens. Some sRNAs involved in stress response have been identified in the literature, but their regulatory roles in fengycin production remain unclear. The study will contribute a novel perspective to the regulation mechanism of biosynthesis and the optimization of key metabolites of B. amyloliquefaciens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panping Yang
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengxin Geng
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Weigang, China
| | - Shaohui Zhu
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengyuan Gu
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai Xu
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linchun Ji
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Benchang Xiao
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingye Wang
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhoujie Qian
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhao
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuping Zhao
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hedong Lu
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan College, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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