Phalane E, Fourie CM, Mels CM, Schutte AE. A 10-year follow-up study of demographic and cardiometabolic factors in HIV-infected South Africans.
Cardiovasc J Afr 2019;
30:352-360. [PMID:
31469383 PMCID:
PMC8802370 DOI:
10.5830/cvja-2019-034]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Understanding of the interplay between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cardiovascular disease, especially in Africa, is limited to evidence from longitudinal studies. Therefore the demographic profile and cardiometabolic, renal and liver function of an HIV-infected South African population were profiled from 2005 to 2015.
METHODS
The study included 117 HIV-infected and 131 uninfected controls that were examined at baseline, five and 10 years.
RESULTS
Mortality rate declined from 24% (2005-2010) to 0% (2010-2015) after the introduction of ART. Longitudinal increases in C-reactive protein (p = 0.002), alanine transaminase (p = 0.006) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (p = 0.046) levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (p < 0.001) were seen only in the HIV-infected group. This group also showed increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p < 0.001) and total cholesterol (p < 0.001) levels and decreased triglyceride:HDL-C (p = 0.011) levels. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased in both groups (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Despite trajectories of deranged lipid and inflammatory profiles, the cardiometabolic disease risk seems stable in HIV-infected South Africans. Inflammation and renal and liver function warrant regular monitoring.
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