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Setiawan R, Christi RF, Alhuur KRG, Widyastuti R, Solihati N, Rasad SD, Hidajat K, Do DN. Impact of glucose and pyruvate on adenosine triphosphate production and sperm motility in goats. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:631-639. [PMID: 37905316 PMCID: PMC10915224 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluates goat sperm motility in response to metabolic substrates and various inhibitors, aiming to assess the relative contribution of glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidation for sperm movement and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. METHODS In the present study, two main metabolic substrates; 0 to 0.5 mM glucose and 0 to 30 mM pyruvate were used to evaluate their contribution to sperm movements of goats. Using a 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD), a specific inhibitor for glycolysis, and carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone as an inhibitor for oxidative phosphorylation, cellular mechanisms into ATP-generating pathways in relation to sperm movements and ATP production were observed. Data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Sperm motility analysis showed that either glucose or pyruvate supported sperm movement during 0 to 30 min incubation. However, the supporting effects were abolished by the addition of a glycolysis inhibitor or mitochondrial uncoupler, concomitant with a significant decrease in ATP production. Although oxidative phosphorylation produces larger ATP concentrations than those from glycolysis, sperm progressivity in relation to these two metabolic pathways is comparable. CONCLUSION Based on the present study, we suggest that goat sperm use glucose and pyruvate to generate cellular energy through glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration pathways to maintain sperm movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangga Setiawan
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, West Java 45363,
Indonesia
| | - Raden Febrianto Christi
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, West Java 45363,
Indonesia
| | - Ken Ratu Gharizah Alhuur
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, West Java 45363,
Indonesia
| | - Rini Widyastuti
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, West Java 45363,
Indonesia
| | - Nurcholidah Solihati
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, West Java 45363,
Indonesia
| | - Siti Darodjah Rasad
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, West Java 45363,
Indonesia
| | - Kundrat Hidajat
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, West Java 45363,
Indonesia
| | - Duy Ngoc Do
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3,
Canada
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Cherian P, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Adenosine as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024; 43:50S-63S. [PMID: 38146080 DOI: 10.1177/10915818231221790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of Adenosine, Adenosine Phosphate, Adenosine Triphosphate, Disodium Adenosine Phosphate, and Disodium Adenosine Triphosphate. These ingredients are reported to function in cosmetics as skin-conditioning agents - miscellaneous. The Panel considered the available data and concluded that the five adenosine ingredients reviewed in this report are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Cherian
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Senior Scientific Analyst/Writer
| | | | | | - Ronald A Hill
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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Kumar N. Sperm Mitochondria, the Driving Force Behind Human Spermatozoa Activities: Its Functions and Dysfunctions - A Narrative Review. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:332-340. [PMID: 35400342 DOI: 10.2174/1566524022666220408104047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Male infertility is a major issue, and numerous factors contribute to it. One of the important organelles involved in the functioning of human spermatozoa is mitochondria. There are 50-75 mitochondria helically arranged in mid-piece bearing one mitochondrial DNA each. Sperm mitochondria play a crucial role in sperm functions, including the energy production required for sperm motility and the production of reactive oxygen species, which in the physiological range helps in sperm maturation, capacitation, and acrosome reaction. It also plays a role in calcium signaling cascades, intrinsic apoptosis, and sperm hyperactivation. Any structural or functional dysfunction of sperm mitochondria results in increased production of reactive oxygen species and, a state of oxidative stress, decreased energy production, all leading to sperm DNA damage, impaired sperm motility and semen parameters, and reduced male fertility. Furthermore, human sperm mitochondrial DNA mutations can result in impaired sperm motility and parameters leading to male infertility. Numerous types of point mutations, deletions, and missense mutations have been identified in mtDNA that are linked with male infertility. Methods: Recent literature was searched from English language peer-reviewed journals from databases including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Scholar, and Web of Science till September 2021. Search terms used were "Sperm mitochondria and male fertility", "Bioenergetics of sperm", "Sperm mitochondria and reactive oxygen species", "Sperm mitochondrial mutations and infertility". Conclusion: Sperm mitochondria is an important organelle involved in various functions of human spermatozoa and sperm mitochondrial DNA has emerged as one of the potent biomarkers of sperm quality and male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naina Kumar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar-508126, Hyderabad Metropolitan Region, Telangana, India
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Chakrabarty B, Drake MJ, Kanai AJ, Fry CH. Selective reduction of neurotransmitter release by cAMP-dependent pathways in mouse detrusor. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 323:R889-R899. [PMID: 36250635 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00166.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Parasympathetic nerve-mediated contractions of detrusor smooth muscle are generated by ATP and ACh release from efferent nerve terminals. In humans, ACh is responsible for detrusor contractions in normal human bladders, whereas ATP has an additional role in overactive bladder pathologies. The ATP metabolite, adenosine, relaxes nerve-mediated contractions, with a potential action via presynaptic adenosine A1 receptor activation and subsequent suppression of neuronal ATP release. We investigated the effect of A1 receptor activation and downstream cAMP-dependent pathways on nerve-mediated ATP and ACh release, and detrusor contraction in mouse detrusor. Bladders from male C57BL/6 mice (12 weeks) were used. Upon electrical field stimulation of intact preparations (detrusor and mucosal layers), ATP or ACh release was measured simultaneously with tension recordings. Activation of A1 receptors by adenosine or exogenous agonists reduced the lower frequency component of nerve-mediated contractions, and neuronal ATP release. The A1 receptor antagonist abolished these effects. A1 receptor activation inhibits AC activity and cAMP generation. The effect of A1 receptor activation was mimicked by a PKA antagonist, but not by modulators of exchange proteins activated by cAMP, demonstrating that modulation of nerve-mediated ATP release is via PKA. Adenosine had no effect on ACh release or the higher frequency component of nerve-mediated contractions. Differential regulation of neurotransmitter release is possible at the detrusor nerve-muscle junction, as demonstrated by A1 receptor activation, and downstream inhibition of AC, cAMP generation and PKA. The ability to specifically attenuate ATP release offers a potential to target purinergic motor pathways enhanced in overactive bladder pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basu Chakrabarty
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, https://ror.org/0524sp257University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus J Drake
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, https://ror.org/0524sp257University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, Avon, United Kingdom.,Bristol Urological Institute, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony J Kanai
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Christopher H Fry
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, https://ror.org/0524sp257University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Wang X, Tang M, Zhang Y, Li Y, Mao J, Deng Q, Li S, Jia Z, Du L. Dexamethasone enhances glucose uptake by SGLT1 and GLUT1 and boosts ATP generation through the PPP-TCA cycle in bovine neutrophils. J Vet Sci 2022; 23:e76. [PMID: 36174980 PMCID: PMC9523333 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.22112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical dexamethasone (DEX) treatment or stress in bovines results in extensive physiological changes with prominent hyperglycemia and neutrophils dysfunction. Objectives To elucidate the effects of DEX treatment in vivo on cellular energy status and the underlying mechanism in circulating neutrophils. Methods We selected eight-month-old male bovines and injected DEX for 3 consecutive days (1 time/d). The levels of glucose, total protein (TP), total cholesterol (TC), and the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in blood were examined, and we then detected glycogen and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, phosphofructosekinase-1 (PFK1) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity, glucose transporter (GLUT)1, GLUT4, sodium/glucose cotransporter (SGLT)1 and citrate synthase (CS) protein expression and autophagy levels in circulating neutrophils. Results DEX injection markedly increased blood glucose, TP and TC levels, the Ca2+/P5+ ratio and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and significantly decreased blood IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Particularly in neutrophils, DEX injection inhibited p65-NFκB activation and elevated glycogen and ATP contents and SGLT1, GLUT1 and GR expression while inhibiting PFK1 activity, enhancing G6PDH activity and CS expression and lowering cell autophagy levels. Conclusions DEX induced neutrophils glucose uptake by enhancing SGLT1 and GLUT1 expression and the transformation of energy metabolism from glycolysis to pentose phosphate pathway (PPP)-tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. This finding gives us a new perspective on deeper understanding of clinical anti-inflammatory effects of DEX on bovine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Mingyu Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China.,Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Herbivorous Livestock Perinatal Diseases, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Yansong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Jingdong Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Qinghua Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China.,Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Herbivorous Livestock Perinatal Diseases, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Shusen Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Zhenwei Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Liyin Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China.,Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Herbivorous Livestock Perinatal Diseases, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China.
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Sahin M, Baytaroglu C, Sevgili E. Cardioprotective Effect of Cilostazol on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Model. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 37:843-847. [PMID: 34673517 DOI: 10.21470/1678-9741-2020-0651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To clarify the potential protective role of cilostazol on rat myocardial cells with ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) models. METHODS The study was conducted with three groups of 10 Wistar rats (control group, rats without any coronary ischemia; sham group, rats with coronary ischemia but without cilostazol administration; and cilostazol group, rats with coronary ischemia and cilostazol administration). The level of myocardial injuries was measured by analyzing cardiac troponin T and creatine kinase MB levels in blood samples. In tissue samples, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde were used to determine the amount of tissue damage. Tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin method, and samples were examined under light microscope. RESULTS The mean level of ATP was 104.4 in the cilostazol group and 149.1 in the sham group (P=0.044). SOD level was significantly higher in the cilostazol group than in the sham group (2075.3 vs. 1783.7, P=0.043). According to histopathological examination, all samples were classified as G0 in the control group. In the sham group, one sample was categorized as G1, six samples as G2, and three samples as G3. In the cilostazol group, nine samples and one sample were categorized as G1 and G2, respectively (P=0.011). CONCLUSION Cilostazol has beneficial effects on Wistar rats' myocardial cells in regard to decreasing inflammatory process, necrosis, and fibrosis. Our findings revealed that the use of cilostazol significantly decreased ATP and increased SOD levels in Wistar rats' myocardial cells after IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazlum Sahin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Avcilar Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Corc Baytaroglu
- Department of Cardiology, Avcilar Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emrah Sevgili
- Department of Cardiology, Avcilar Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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7
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Zhang N, Wang X. Circular RNA ITCH mediates H 2O 2-induced myocardial cell apoptosis by targeting miR-17-5p via wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. Int J Exp Pathol 2020; 102:22-31. [PMID: 33350543 PMCID: PMC7839958 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a severe threat health worldwide, and circRNAs have been shown to be correlated with the development of cardiovascular disease. Expression of circ-ITCH and miR-17a-5p was evaluated by RT-qPCR. Cell viability was measured using CCK-8. Flow cytometry was applied to measure apoptosis rate. Binding between miR-17-5p and circ-ITCH was detected via luciferase reporter assays. Levels of ATP in cells were examined with ATP testing. Western blot was used to evaluate apoptosis-related proteins and proteins in Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. H2O2 induced apoptosis of H9c2 cells and lowered cell viability as well as ATP levels and circ-ITCH expression. After overexpression, circ-ITCH enhanced cell viability and ATP concentration. Meanwhile, apoptosis was inhibited. MiR-17-5p was the target of circ-ITCH as evidenced by luciferase report assays, with higher expression in H2O2-induced H9c2 cells. Knockdown of miR-17-5p could promote cell viability and level of ATP and curb apoptosis and p53 and PARP expression. Moreover, overexpressed miR-17-5p could reverse the function of upregulated circ-ITCH. Wnt3a, Wnt5a and β-catenin in Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway were increased after H2O2 induction. Suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway could initiate the process of injury in H9c2 cells. Circ-ITCH could protect myocardial cells from injuries caused by H2O2 by suppressing apoptosis while miR-17-5p played a reverse role, which could upregulate apoptosis and inhibit cell viability via Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengfeng Zhang
- First Clinical CollegeNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina
- Cardiovascular DepartmentThe Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People’s Hospital of Huai’anHuai’anChina
| | - Xu Wang
- First Clinical CollegeNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina
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Singh M, Denny H, Smith C, Granados J, Renden R. Presynaptic loss of dynamin-related protein 1 impairs synaptic vesicle release and recycling at the mouse calyx of Held. J Physiol 2018; 596:6263-6287. [PMID: 30285293 DOI: 10.1113/jp276424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS This study characterizes the mechanisms underlying defects in synaptic transmission when dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) is genetically eliminated. Viral-mediated knockout of DRP1 from the presynaptic terminal at the mouse calyx of Held increased initial release probability, reduced the size of the synaptic vesicle recycling pool and impaired synaptic vesicle recycling. Transmission defects could be partially restored by increasing the intracellular calcium buffering capacity with EGTA-AM, implying close coupling of Ca2+ channels to synaptic vesicles was compromised. Acute restoration of ATP to physiological levels in the presynaptic terminal did not reverse the synaptic defects. Loss of DRP1 impairs mitochondrial morphology in the presynaptic terminal, which in turn seems to arrest synaptic maturation. ABSTRACT Impaired mitochondrial biogenesis and function is implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases, and likely affects synaptic neurotransmission prior to cellular loss. Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) is essential for mitochondrial fission and is disrupted in neurodegenerative disease. In this study, we used the mouse calyx of Held synapse as a model to investigate the impact of presynaptic DRP1 loss on synaptic vesicle (SV) recycling and sustained neurotransmission. In vivo viral expression of Cre recombinase in ventral cochlear neurons of floxed-DRP1 mice generated a presynaptic-specific DRP1 knockout (DRP1-preKO), where the innervated postsynaptic cell was unperturbed. Confocal reconstruction of the calyx terminal suggested SV clusters and mitochondrial content were disrupted, and presynaptic terminal volume was decreased. Using postsynaptic voltage-clamp recordings, we found that DRP1-preKO synapses had larger evoked responses at low frequency stimulation. DRP1-preKO synapses also had profoundly altered short-term plasticity, due to defects in SV recycling. Readily releasable pool size, estimated with high-frequency trains, was dramatically reduced in DRP1-preKO synapses, suggesting an important role for DRP1 in maintenance of release-competent SVs at the presynaptic terminal. Presynaptic Ca2+ accumulation in the terminal was also enhanced in DRP1-preKO synapses. Synaptic transmission defects could be partially rescued with EGTA-AM, indicating close coupling of Ca2+ channels to SV distance normally found in mature terminals may be compromised by DRP1-preKO. Using paired recordings of the presynaptic and postsynaptic compartments, recycling defects could not be reversed by acute dialysis of ATP into the calyx terminals. Taken together, our results implicate a requirement for mitochondrial fission to coordinate postnatal synapse maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Henry Denny
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Christina Smith
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Jorge Granados
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Robert Renden
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, 1664 North Virginia Street, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
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Abstract
Mitochondria are important organelles referred to as cellular powerhouses for their unique properties of cellular energy production. With many pathologic conditions and aging, mitochondrial function declines, and there is a reduction in the production of adenosine triphosphate. The energy carrying molecule generated by cellular respiration and by pentose phosphate pathway, an alternative pathway of glucose metabolism. D-ribose is a naturally occurring monosaccharide found in the cells and particularly in the mitochondria is essential in energy production. Without sufficient energy, cells cannot maintain integrity and function. Supplemental D-ribose has been shown to improve cellular processes when there is mitochondrial dysfunction. When individuals take supplemental D-ribose, it can bypass part of the pentose pathway to produce D-ribose-5-phosphate for the production of energy. In this article, we review how energy is produced by cellular respiration, the pentose pathway, and the use of supplemental D-ribose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane E Mahoney
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
| | - John B Hiebert
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
| | - Amanda Thimmesch
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
| | - John T Pierce
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
| | | | - Richard L Clancy
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
| | - Andrew J Sauer
- Center for Advanced Heart Failure and Heart Transplantation, Kansas, US
| | - Janet D Pierce
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
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10
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Park IK, Kim JH, Park CG, Kim MY, Parajuli SP, Hong CS, Choi S, Jun JY. Effects of ATP on Pacemaker Activity of Interstitial Cells of Cajal from the Mouse Small Intestine. Chonnam Med J 2018; 54:63-71. [PMID: 29399568 PMCID: PMC5794481 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2018.54.1.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Purinergic receptors play an important role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are pacemaker cells that regulate GI smooth muscle activity. We studied the functional roles of external adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) on pacemaker activity in cultured ICCs from mouse small intestines by using the whole-cell patch clamp technique and intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) imaging. External ATP dose-dependently depolarized the resting membrane and produced tonic inward pacemaker currents, and these effects were antagonized by suramin, a purinergic P2 receptor antagonist. ATP-induced effects on pacemaker currents were suppressed by an external Na+-free solution and inhibited by the nonselective cation channel blockers, flufenamic acid and niflumic acid. The removal of external Ca2+ or treatment with thapsigargin (inhibitor of Ca2+ uptake into endoplasmic reticulum) inhibited the ATP-induced effects on pacemaker currents. Spontaneous [Ca2+]i oscillations were enhanced by external ATP. These results suggest that external ATP modulates pacemaker activity by activating nonselective cation channels via external Ca2+ influx and [Ca2+]i release from the endoplasmic reticulum. Thus, it seems that activating the purinergic P2 receptor may modulate GI motility by acting on ICCs in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Koo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Kim
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chan Guk Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Man Yoo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | | | - Chan Sik Hong
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seok Choi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae Yeoul Jun
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
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Fan X, Sha LN, Wang XL, Zhang HQ, Kang HY, Wang Y, Zhou YH. Phylogeny and molecular evolution of the Acc1 gene within the StH genome species in Triticeae (Poaceae). Gene 2013; 529:57-64. [PMID: 23911302 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
To estimate the phylogeny and molecular evolution of a single-copy gene encoding plastid acetyl-CoA carboxylase (Acc1) within the StH genome species, two Acc1 homoeologous sequences were isolated from nearly all the sampled StH genome species and were analyzed with those from 35 diploid taxa representing 19 basic genomes in Triticeae. Sequence diversity patterns and genealogical analysis suggested that (1) the StH genome species from the same areas or neighboring geographic regions are closely related to each other; (2) the Acc1 gene sequences of the StH genome species from North America and Eurasia are evolutionarily distinct; (3) Dasypyrum has contributed to the nuclear genome of Elymus repens and Elymus mutabilis; (4) the StH genome polyploids have higher levels of sequence diversity in the H genome homoeolog than the St genome homoeolog; and (5) the Acc1 sequence may evolve faster in the polyploid species than in the diploids. Our result provides some insight on evolutionary dynamics of duplicate Acc1 gene, the polyploidy speciation and phylogeny of the StH genome species.
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