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Hayashi Y, Arai M. Recent advances in the improvement of cyanobacterial enzymes for bioalkane production. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:256. [PMID: 36503511 PMCID: PMC9743570 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01981-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of biologically produced alkanes has attracted considerable attention as an alternative energy source to petroleum. In 2010, the alkane synthesis pathway in cyanobacteria was found to include two small globular proteins, acyl-(acyl carrier protein [ACP]) reductase (AAR) and aldehyde deformylating oxygenase (ADO). AAR produces fatty aldehydes from acyl-ACPs/CoAs, which are then converted by ADO to alkanes/alkenes equivalent to diesel oil. This discovery has paved the way for alkane production by genetically modified organisms. Since then, many studies have investigated the reactions catalyzed by AAR and ADO. In this review, we first summarize recent findings on structures and catalytic mechanisms of AAR and ADO. We then outline the mechanism by which AAR and ADO form a complex and efficiently transfer the insoluble aldehyde produced by AAR to ADO. Furthermore, we describe recent advances in protein engineering studies on AAR and ADO to improve the efficiency of alkane production in genetically engineered microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and cyanobacteria. Finally, the role of alkanes in cyanobacteria and future perspectives for bioalkane production using AAR and ADO are discussed. This review provides strategies for improving the production of bioalkanes using AAR and ADO in cyanobacteria for enabling the production of carbon-neutral fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Hayashi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XEnvironmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Munehito Arai
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
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Banerjee R, Srinivas V, Lebrette H. Ferritin-Like Proteins: A Conserved Core for a Myriad of Enzyme Complexes. Subcell Biochem 2022; 99:109-153. [PMID: 36151375 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-00793-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ferritin-like proteins share a common fold, a four α-helix bundle core, often coordinating a pair of metal ions. Although conserved, the ferritin fold permits a diverse set of reactions, and is central in a multitude of macromolecular enzyme complexes. Here, we emphasize this diversity through three members of the ferritin-like superfamily: the soluble methane monooxygenase, the class I ribonucleotide reductase and the aldehyde deformylating oxygenase. They all rely on dinuclear metal cofactors to catalyze different challenging oxygen-dependent reactions through the formation of multi-protein complexes. Recent studies using cryo-electron microscopy, serial femtosecond crystallography at an X-ray free electron laser source, or single-crystal X-ray diffraction, have reported the structures of the active protein complexes, and revealed unprecedented insights into the molecular mechanisms of these three enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Vivek Srinivas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hugo Lebrette
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Génétique Moléculaires (LMGM), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
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Menon N, Pásztor A, Menon BRK, Kallio P, Fisher K, Akhtar MK, Leys D, Jones PR, Scrutton NS. A microbial platform for renewable propane synthesis based on a fermentative butanol pathway. Biotechnol Biofuels 2015; 8:61. [PMID: 25866563 PMCID: PMC4392459 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0231-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propane (C3H8) is a volatile hydrocarbon with highly favourable physicochemical properties as a fuel, in addition to existing global markets and infrastructure for storage, distribution and utilization in a wide range of applications. Consequently, propane is an attractive target product in research aimed at developing new renewable alternatives to complement currently used petroleum-derived fuels. This study focuses on the construction and evaluation of alternative microbial biosynthetic pathways for the production of renewable propane. The new pathways utilize CoA intermediates that are derived from clostridial-like fermentative butanol pathways and are therefore distinct from the first microbial propane pathways recently engineered in Escherichia coli. RESULTS We report the assembly and evaluation of four different synthetic pathways for the production of propane and butanol, designated a) atoB-adhE2 route, b) atoB-TPC7 route, c) nphT7-adhE2 route and d) nphT7-TPC7 route. The highest butanol titres were achieved with the atoB-adhE2 (473 ± 3 mg/L) and atoB-TPC7 (163 ± 2 mg/L) routes. When aldehyde deformylating oxygenase (ADO) was co-expressed with these pathways, the engineered hosts also produced propane. The atoB-TPC7-ADO pathway was the most effective in producing propane (220 ± 3 μg/L). By (i) deleting competing pathways, (ii) including a previously designed ADOA134F variant with an enhanced specificity towards short-chain substrates and (iii) including a ferredoxin-based electron supply system, the propane titre was increased (3.40 ± 0.19 mg/L). CONCLUSIONS This study expands the metabolic toolbox for renewable propane production and provides new insight and understanding for the development of next-generation biofuel platforms. In developing an alternative CoA-dependent fermentative butanol pathway, which includes an engineered ADO variant (ADOA134F), the study addresses known limitations, including the low bio-availability of butyraldehyde precursors and poor activity of ADO with butyraldehyde. Graphical abstractPropane synthesis derived from a fermentative butanol pathway is enabled by metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navya Menon
- />BBSRC/EPSRC Centre for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Speciality Chemicals, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, 131 Princess Street, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M1 7DN UK
| | - András Pásztor
- />Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Tykistökatu 6A 6krs, University of Turku, FI 20014 TURUN YLIOPISTO, Turku, Finland
| | - Binuraj RK Menon
- />BBSRC/EPSRC Centre for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Speciality Chemicals, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, 131 Princess Street, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M1 7DN UK
| | - Pauli Kallio
- />Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Tykistökatu 6A 6krs, University of Turku, FI 20014 TURUN YLIOPISTO, Turku, Finland
| | - Karl Fisher
- />BBSRC/EPSRC Centre for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Speciality Chemicals, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, 131 Princess Street, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M1 7DN UK
| | - M Kalim Akhtar
- />Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Tykistökatu 6A 6krs, University of Turku, FI 20014 TURUN YLIOPISTO, Turku, Finland
| | - David Leys
- />BBSRC/EPSRC Centre for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Speciality Chemicals, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, 131 Princess Street, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M1 7DN UK
| | - Patrik R Jones
- />Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Tykistökatu 6A 6krs, University of Turku, FI 20014 TURUN YLIOPISTO, Turku, Finland
- />Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Nigel S Scrutton
- />BBSRC/EPSRC Centre for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Speciality Chemicals, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, 131 Princess Street, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M1 7DN UK
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