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Madeira L, Bonoldi I, Rocchetti M, Brandizzi M, Samson C, Azis M, Queen B, Bossong M, Allen P, Perez J, Howes OD, McGuire P, Fusar-Poli P. Prevalence and implications of Truman symptoms in subjects at ultra high risk for psychosis. Psychiatry Res 2016; 238:270-276. [PMID: 27086244 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Preliminary qualitative research has suggested that patients with early stages of psychosis and those at Ultra High Risk (UHR) may experience "Truman symptoms" (TS). This study is an exploratory investigation of TS in a sample of 26 UHR subjects and 14 matched controls (HC) recruited from three prodromal and early intervention clinics and its relation with clinical features, depersonalization and basic self-disturbances. The UHR were assessed with the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS), Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Cambridge Depersonalization Scale (CDS) and the Examination of Anomalous Self Experiences (EASE) checklist. In our sample, TS were specific (TS absent in HC) and highly prevalent (50%) in UHR subjects. We found a significant difference in EASE total scores across HC, UHR with TS and without TS but post-hoc analyses showed similar scores in the two latter groups. The presence of TS in our UHR sample was associated with significant higher PANSS general psychopathology but with non-significant difference in the CAARMS, CDS and SOFAS scores. This study of TS in UHR subjects suggested that they might be prevalent and specific of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Madeira
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; "OASIS" Prodromal Clinic, SLaM NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Hospital Santa Maria, Psychiatry Department, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ilaria Bonoldi
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; "OASIS" Prodromal Clinic, SLaM NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Matteo Rocchetti
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina Brandizzi
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; "OASIS" Prodromal Clinic, SLaM NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry Sapienza, University of Rome UOD Psicoterapia, "Villa Tiburtina" via Casal de'Pazzi 16, 00156 Roma, Italy
| | - Carly Samson
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Matilda Azis
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Beverly Queen
- CAMEO Early Intervention Services, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Matthijs Bossong
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Allen
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jesus Perez
- CAMEO Early Intervention Services, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Oliver D Howes
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Philip McGuire
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; "OASIS" Prodromal Clinic, SLaM NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Paolo Fusar-Poli
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; "OASIS" Prodromal Clinic, SLaM NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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