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Yuan F, Peng W, Yang Y, Xu J, Liu Y, Xie Y, Huang T, Shi C, Ding Y, Li C, Qin T, Xie S, Zhu F, Lu H, Huang J, Hu J. Endothelial progenitor cell-derived exosomes promote anti-inflammatory macrophages via SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 axis and improve the outcome of spinal cord injury. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:156. [PMID: 37391774 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02833-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage in the spinal cord injury (SCI) area imparts a chronic pro-inflammation effect that challenges the recovery of SCI. Previously, endothelial progenitor cell-produced exosomes (EPC-EXOs) have been noticed to facilitate revascularization and inflammation control after SCI. However, their effects on macrophage polarization remained unclear. This study aimed to investigate the EPC-EXOs' role in macrophage polarization and reveal its underlying mechanism. METHODS We extracted the macrophages and EPC from the bone marrow suspension of C57BL/L mice by centrifugation. After cell identification, the EPC-EXOs were collected by ultra-high-speed centrifugation and exosome extraction kits and identified by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Then, macrophages were cultured with EPC-EXOs in different concentrations. We labeled the exosome to confirm its internalization by macrophage and detected the macrophage polarization marker level both in vitro and in vivo. We further estimated EPC-EXOs' protective effects on SCI by mice spinal cord tissue H&E staining and motor behavior evaluation. Finally, we performed RT-qPCR to identify the upregulated miRNA in EPC-EXOs and manipulate its expression to estimate its role in macrophage polarization, SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 pathway activation, and motor behavior improvement. RESULTS We found that EPC-EXOs decreased the macrophages' pro-inflammatory marker expression and increased their anti-inflammatory marker expression on the 7 and 14 days after SCI. The spinal cord H&E staining results showed that EPC-EXOs raised the tissue-sparing area rate significantly after 28 days of SCI and the motor behavior evaluation indicated an increased BMS score and motor-evoked potential by EPC-EXOs treatment after SCI. The RT-qPCR assay identified that miR-222-3P upregulated in EPC-EXOs and its miRNA-mimic also decreased the pro-inflammatory macrophages and increased the anti-inflammatory macrophages. Additionally, miR-222-3P mimic activated the SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 pathway, and SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 pathway inhibition blocked miR-2223P's effects on macrophage polarization and mouse motor behavior. CONCLUSION Comprehensively, we discovered that EPC-EXOs-derived miR-222-3p affected macrophage polarization via SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 pathway and promoted mouse functional repair after SCI, which reveals EPC-EXOs' role in modulation of macrophage phenotype and will provide a novel interventional strategy to induce post-SCI recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Yuan
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuying Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yudong Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Tingmo Huang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Chaoran Shi
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yinghe Ding
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Chengjun Li
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Tian Qin
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Shanshan Xie
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Fengzhang Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Hongbin Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jianjun Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Ningde City Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Ningde, China.
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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Xavier CPR, Castro I, Caires HR, Ferreira D, Cavadas B, Pereira L, Santos LL, Oliveira MJ, Vasconcelos MH. Chitinase 3-like-1 and fibronectin in the cargo of extracellular vesicles shed by human macrophages influence pancreatic cancer cellular response to gemcitabine. Cancer Lett 2021; 501:210-223. [PMID: 33212158 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tumour-associated macrophages have been implicated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) therapy response and Extracellular vesicles (EVs) shed by macrophages might have a role in this process. Here, we demonstrated that large EVs released by anti-inflammatory human macrophages decreased PDAC cellular sensitivity to gemcitabine. Using proteomic analysis, chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) and fibronectin (FN1) were identified as two of the most abundant proteins in the cargo of macrophages-derived EVs. Overexpression of CHI3L1 and FN1, using recombinant human proteins, induced PDAC cellular resistance to gemcitabine through ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) activation. Inhibition of CHI3L1 and FN1 by pentoxifylline and pirfenidone, respectively, partially reverted gemcitabine resistance. In PDAC patient samples, CHI3L1 and FN1 were expressed in the stroma, associated with the high presence of macrophages. The Cancer Genome Atlas analysis revealed an association between CHI3L1 and FN1 gene expression, overall survival of PDAC patients, gemcitabine response, and macrophage infiltration. Altogether, our data identifies CHI3L1 and FN1 as potential targets for pharmacological inhibition in PDAC. Further pre-clinical in vivo work is warranted to study the possibility of repurposing pentoxifylline and pirfenidone as adjuvant therapies for PDAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina P R Xavier
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Castro
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo R Caires
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Dylan Ferreira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO - Instituto Português de Oncologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Cavadas
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Genetic Diversity Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Luisa Pereira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Genetic Diversity Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio L Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO - Instituto Português de Oncologia, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Biomedical Sciences Institute Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria J Oliveira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; FMUP - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Tumour and Microenvironment Interactions Group, INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Helena Vasconcelos
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal; Department of Biological Sciences, FFUP - Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Seifert HA, Benedek G, Nguyen H, Kent G, Vandenbark AA, Offner H. Estrogen protects both sexes against EAE by promoting common regulatory cell subtypes independent of endogenous estrogen. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:1747-1754. [PMID: 28689297 PMCID: PMC5650507 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0063-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis predominantly affect females. Although high levels of sex hormones, particularly estrogen (E2), can reduce proinflammatory immune responses, it remains unclear if a lack of endogenous sex hormones might affect treatment with exogenous sex hormones. Pretreatment with E2 almost completely prevents intact female and male mice from developing clinical and histological signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by promoting various regulatory immune cell phenotypes. To evaluate the effects of exogenous estrogen in the absence of endogenous sex hormones, the current study compared EAE severity and the emergence of different immunoregulatory cell populations after E2 pretreatment of ovariectomized (OVX) female versus male mice. We found that E2 equally protected both OVX females and males from EAE over a 21 day observation period concomitant with reduced total cell numbers in spleen and spinal cord (males only), but enhanced percentages of CD19+CD5+CD1dhi, CD19+CD138+CD44hi and CD19+Tim-1+ Breg cells, CD8+CD122+ Treg cells and CD11b+CD 206+ARG-1+ anti-inflammatory M2-like monocytes/macrophages in both groups. In contrast, E2 decreased the percentage of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cells in OVX females but increased these Treg cells in males and intact female mice. These data suggest that with the exception of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cells, E2 protection against EAE promotes highly overlapping immunoregulatory subsets in OVX females and males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary A Seifert
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, USA
- Neuroimmunology Research, R&D-31, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Gil Benedek
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, USA
- Neuroimmunology Research, R&D-31, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Ha Nguyen
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, USA
- Neuroimmunology Research, R&D-31, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Gail Kent
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, USA
- Neuroimmunology Research, R&D-31, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Arthur A Vandenbark
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, USA
- Neuroimmunology Research, R&D-31, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Halina Offner
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, USA.
- Neuroimmunology Research, R&D-31, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, USA.
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Seifert HA, Benedek G, Liang J, Nguyen H, Kent G, Vandenbark AA, Saugstad JA, Offner H. Sex differences in regulatory cells in experimental stroke. Cell Immunol 2017; 318:49-54. [PMID: 28606360 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of disability in the United States. Sex differences, including smaller infarcts in females and greater involvement of immune-mediated inflammation in males may affect the efficacy of immune-modulating interventions. To address these differences, we sought to identify distinct stroke-modifying mechanisms in female vs. male mice. The current study demonstrated smaller infarcts and increased levels of regulatory CD19+CD5+CD1dhi B10 cells as well as anti-inflammatory CD11b+CD206+ microglia/macrophages in the ipsilateral vs. contralateral hemisphere of female but not male mice undergoing 60min middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 96h of reperfusion. Moreover, female mice with MCAO had increased total spleen cell numbers but lower B10 levels in spleens. These results elucidate differing sex-dependent regulatory mechanisms that account for diminished stroke severity in females and underscore the need to test immune-modulating therapies for stroke in both males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary A Seifert
- Neuroimmunology Research, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Gil Benedek
- Neuroimmunology Research, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jian Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ha Nguyen
- Neuroimmunology Research, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Gail Kent
- Neuroimmunology Research, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Arthur A Vandenbark
- Neuroimmunology Research, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Julie A Saugstad
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Halina Offner
- Neuroimmunology Research, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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