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Sedlmayr VL, Schobesberger S, Spitz S, Ertl P, Wurm DJ, Quehenberger J, Spadiut O. Archaeal ether lipids improve internalization and transfection with mRNA lipid nanoparticles. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 197:114213. [PMID: 38346479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Neutral and positively charged archaeal ether lipids (AEL) have been studied for their utilization as novel delivery systems for pDNA, showing efficient immune response with a strong memory effect while lacking noticeable toxicity. Recent technological advances placed mRNA lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) at the forefront of next-generation delivery systems; however, no study has examined AELs in mRNA delivery yet. In this study, we investigated either a crude lipid extract or the purified tetraether lipid caldarchaeol from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius as potential novel excipients for mRNA LNPs. Depending on their molar share in the respective LNP, particle uptake, and mRNA expression levels could be increased by up to 10-fold in in vitro transfection experiments using both primary cell sources (HSMM) and established cell lines (Caco-2, C2C12) compared to a well-known reference formulation. This increased efficiency might be linked to a substantial effect on endosomal escape, indicating fusogenic and lyotropic features of AELs. This study shows the high value of archaeal ether lipids for mRNA delivery and provides a solid foundation for future in vivo experiments and further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Laurin Sedlmayr
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Silvia Schobesberger
- Research Division Organic & Biological Chemistry, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Sarah Spitz
- Research Division Organic & Biological Chemistry, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Peter Ertl
- Research Division Organic & Biological Chemistry, Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | | | - Julian Quehenberger
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, Vienna 1060, Austria; NovoArc GmbH, Pottendorfer Straße 23-25, Vienna 1120, Austria
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Research Division Integrated Bioprocess Development, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, Vienna 1060, Austria.
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2
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Agbayani G, Akache B, Renner TM, Tran A, Stuible M, Dudani R, Harrison BA, Duque D, Bavananthasivam J, Deschatelets L, Hemraz UD, Régnier S, Durocher Y, McCluskie MJ. Intranasal administration of unadjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen boosts antigen-specific immune responses induced by parenteral protein subunit vaccine prime in mice and hamsters. Eur J Immunol 2024:e2350620. [PMID: 38561974 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
With the continued transmission of SARS-CoV-2 across widely vaccinated populations, it remains important to develop new vaccines and vaccination strategies capable of providing protective immunity and limiting the spread of disease. Heterologous prime-boost vaccination based on the selection of different vaccine formulations and administration routes for priming and booster doses presents a promising strategy for inducing broader immune responses in key systemic and respiratory mucosal compartments. Intranasal vaccination can induce mucosal immune responses at the site of SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, the lack of clinically approved mucosal adjuvants makes it difficult to induce robust immune responses with protein subunit vaccines. Herein, we evaluated the immunogenicity of heterologous prime-boost regimens in mice and hamsters based on a parenteral vaccination of the antigen in combination with sulfated lactosylarchaeol (SLA) archaeosomes, a liposome adjuvant comprised of a single semisynthetic archaeal lipid, followed by an intranasally administered unadjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen. Intranasal administration of unadjuvanted spike to mice and hamsters increased serum spike-specific IgG titers and spike-neutralizing activity compared with nonboosted animals. Spike-specific IgA responses were also detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the lungs of mice that received an intranasal boost. In hamsters, the intranasal boost showed high efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection by protecting from body weight loss and reducing viral titers in the lungs and nasal turbinate. Overall, our heterologous intramuscular prime-intranasal boost with SLA-adjuvanted and unadjuvanted spike, respectively, demonstrated the potential of protein subunit formulations to promote antigen-specific systemic and mucosal immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Agbayani
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bassel Akache
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tyler M Renner
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anh Tran
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Stuible
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Renu Dudani
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Blair A Harrison
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Diana Duque
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jegarubee Bavananthasivam
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lise Deschatelets
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Usha D Hemraz
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sophie Régnier
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yves Durocher
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Sedlmayr V, Horn C, Wurm DJ, Spadiut O, Quehenberger J. Archaeosomes facilitate storage and oral delivery of cannabidiol. Int J Pharm 2023; 645:123434. [PMID: 37739097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) has received great scientific interest due to its numerous therapeutic applications. Degradation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, first-pass metabolism, and low water solubility restrain bioavailability of CBD to only 6% in current oral administration. Lipid-based nanocarriers are delivery systems that may enhance accessibility and solubility of hydrophobic payloads, such as CBD. Conventional lecithin-derived liposomes, however, have limitations regarding stability in the GI tract and long-term storage. Ether lipid-based archaeosomes may have the potential to overcome these problems due to chemical and structural uniqueness. In this study, we compared lecithin-derived liposomes with archaeosomes in their applicability as an oral delivery system of CBD. We evaluated drug load, storage stability, stability in a simulated GI tract, and in vitro particle uptake in Caco-2 cells. Loading capacity was 6-fold higher in archaeosomes than conventional liposomes while providing a stable formulation over six months after lyophilization. In a simulated GI tract, CBD recovery in archaeosomes was 57 ± 3% compared to only 34 ± 1% in conventional liposomes and particle uptake in Caco-2 cells was enhanced up to 6-fold. Our results demonstrate that archaeosomes present an interesting solution to tackle current issues of oral CBD formulations due to improved stability and endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Sedlmayr
- TU Wien, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Oliver Spadiut
- TU Wien, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Quehenberger
- TU Wien, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna, Austria; NovoArc GmbH, Vienna, Austria.
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4
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Romero EL, Morilla MJ. Ether lipids from archaeas in nano-drug delivery and vaccination. Int J Pharm 2023; 634:122632. [PMID: 36690132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Archaea are microorganisms more closely related to eukaryotes than bacteria. Almost 50 years after being defined as a new domain of life on earth, new species continue to be discovered and their phylogeny organized. The study of the relationship between their genetics and metabolism and some of their extreme habitats has even positioned them as a model of extraterrestrial life forms. Archaea, however, are deeply connected to the life of our planet: they can be found in arid, acidic, warm areas; on most of the earth's surface, which is cold (below 5 °C), playing a prominent role in the cycles of organic materials on a global scale and they are even part of our microbiota. The constituent materials of these microorganisms differ radically from those produced by eukaryotes and bacteria, and the nanoparticles that can be manufactured using their ether lipids as building blocks exhibit unique properties that are of interest in nanomedicine. Here, we present for the first time a complete overview of the pre-clinical applications of nanomedicines based on ether archaea lipids, focused on drug delivery and adjuvancy over the last 25 years, along with a discussion on their pros, cons and their future industrial implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eder Lilia Romero
- Nanomedicines Research and Development Centre (NARD), Science and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Maria Jose Morilla
- Nanomedicines Research and Development Centre (NARD), Science and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Jia Y, Chandan V, Akache B, Qian H, Jakubek ZJ, Vinogradov E, Dudani R, Harrison BA, Jamshidi MP, Stark FC, Deschatelets L, Sauvageau J, Williams D, Krishnan L, McCluskie MJ. Assessment of stability of sulphated lactosyl archaeol archaeosomes for use as a vaccine adjuvant. J Liposome Res 2020; 31:237-245. [PMID: 32583693 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2020.1786115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Archaeosomes, composed of sulphated lactosyl archaeol (SLA) glycolipids, have been proven to be an effective vaccine adjuvant in multiple preclinical models of infectious disease or cancer. In addition to efficacy, the stability of vaccine components including the adjuvant is an important parameter to consider when developing novel vaccine formulations. To properly evaluate the potential of SLA glycolipids to be used as vaccine adjuvants in a clinical setting, a comprehensive evaluation of their stability is required. Herein, we evaluated the long term stability of preformed empty SLA archaeosomes prior to admixing with antigen at 4 °C or 37 °C for up to 6 months. In addition, the stability of adjuvant and antigen was evaluated for up to 1 month following admixing. Multiple analytical parameters evaluating the molecular integrity of SLA and the liposomal profile were assessed. Following incubation at 4 °C or 37 °C, the SLA glycolipid did not show any pattern of degradation as determined by mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and thin layer chromatography (TLC). In addition, SLA archaeosome vesicle characteristics, such as size, zeta potential, membrane fluidity and vesicular morphology, were largely consistent throughout the course of the study. Importantly, following storage for 6 months at both 4 °C and 37 °C, the adjuvant properties of empty SLA archaeosomes were unchanged, and following admixing with antigen, the immunogenicity of the vaccine formulations was also unchanged when stored at both 4 °C and 37 °C for up to 1 month. Overall this indicates that SLA archaeosomes are highly stable adjuvants that retain their activity over an extended period of time even when stored at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Jia
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Vandana Chandan
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bassel Akache
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Hui Qian
- Nanotechnology Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Zygmunt J Jakubek
- Metrology Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Evguenii Vinogradov
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Renu Dudani
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Blair A Harrison
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammad P Jamshidi
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Felicity C Stark
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lise Deschatelets
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Janelle Sauvageau
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Dean Williams
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lakshmi Krishnan
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Akache B, Stark FC, Iqbal U, Chen W, Jia Y, Krishnan L, McCluskie MJ. Safety and biodistribution of sulfated archaeal glycolipid archaeosomes as vaccine adjuvants. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2018; 14:1746-1759. [PMID: 29336668 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1423154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Archaeosomes are liposomes comprised of ether lipids derived from various archaea. Unlike conventional ester-linked liposomes, archaeosomes exhibit high pH and thermal stability. As adjuvants, archaeosomes can induce robust, long-lasting humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and enhance protection in murine models of infectious disease and cancer. Archaeosomes constituted with total polar lipids (TPL) of various archaea are relatively complex, comprising >10 different lipid compounds. Archaeosomes can be constituted with semi-synthetic glycerolipids built on ether-linked isoprenoid phytanyl cores with varied synthetic glycol- and amino-head groups. However, such semi-synthetic archaeosomes involve many synthetic steps to arrive at the final desired glycolipid composition. We have developed a novel archaeosome formulation comprising a sulfated saccharide group covalently linked to the free sn-1 hydroxyl backbone of an archaeal core lipid (sulfated S-lactosylarchaeol, SLA) mixed with uncharged glycolipid (lactosylarchaeol, LA). This new class of adjuvants can be easily synthesized and retains strong immunostimulatory activity for induction of cell-mediated immunity following systemic immunization. Herein, we demonstrate the safety of SLA/LA archaeosomes following intramuscular injection to mice and evaluate the immunogenicity, in vivo distribution and cellular uptake of antigen (ovalbumin) encapsulated into SLA/LA archaeosomes. Overall, we have found that semi-synthetic sulfated glycolipid archaeosomes are a safe and effective novel class of adjuvants capable of inducing strong antigen-specific immune responses in mice and protection against subsequent B16 melanoma tumor challenge. A key step in their mechanism of action appears to be the recruitment of immune cells to the injection site and the subsequent trafficking of antigen to local draining lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassel Akache
- a Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Felicity C Stark
- a Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Umar Iqbal
- a Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Wangxue Chen
- a Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Yimei Jia
- a Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Lakshmi Krishnan
- a Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa , Canada
| | - Michael J McCluskie
- a Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa , Canada
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7
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Landi A, Law J, Hockman D, Logan M, Crawford K, Chen C, Kundu J, Ebensen T, Guzman CA, Deschatelets L, Krishnan L, Tyrrell DLJ, Houghton M. Superior immunogenicity of HCV envelope glycoproteins when adjuvanted with cyclic-di-AMP, a STING activator or archaeosomes. Vaccine 2017; 35:6949-6956. [PMID: 29089195 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Three decades after the discovery, hepatitis C virus (HCV) is still the leading cause of liver transplantation and poses a major threat to global health. In spite of recent advances in the development of direct acting antivirals, there is still a need for a prophylactic vaccine to limit the virus spread and protect at-risk populations, especially in developing countries, where the cost of the new treatments may severely limit access. The use of recombinant HCV glycoproteins E1E2 (rE1E2) in combination with the MF59, an oil-in-water emulsion-based adjuvant, has previously been shown to reduce the rate of chronicity in chimpanzees and to induce production of cross-neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune responses in human volunteers. To further improve neutralizing antibody responses in recipients along with robust T cell responses, we have explored the immunogenicity of different adjuvants when formulated with the HCV rE1E2 vaccine in mice. Our data show that cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) and archaeosomes elicit strong neutralizing antibodies similar to those elicited using aluminum hydroxide/monophosphoryl lipid A (Alum/monophos. /MPLA) and MF59. However, both c-di-AMP and archaeosomes induced a more robust cellular immune response, which was confirmed by the detection of vaccine-specific poly-functional CD4+ T cells. We conclude that these adjuvants may substantially boost the immunogenicity of our E1E2 vaccine. In addition, our data also indicates that use of a partial or exclusive intranasal immunization regimen may also be feasible using c-di-AMP as adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Landi
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; Department of Virology and Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - J Law
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - D Hockman
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - M Logan
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - K Crawford
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - C Chen
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - J Kundu
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - T Ebensen
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - C A Guzman
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - L Deschatelets
- Immunobiology Department, Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - L Krishnan
- Immunobiology Department, Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - D L J Tyrrell
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - M Houghton
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
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