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Idres AY, Tousch D, Dhuyque-Mayer C, Hammad I, Lambert K, Cazals G, Portet K, Ferrare K, Bidel LPR, Poucheret P. An Original Asteraceae Based Infused Drink Prevents Metabolic Syndrome in Fructose-Rat Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020340. [PMID: 36829899 PMCID: PMC9952384 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (METS) is a complex disorder that predisposes an affected person to an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Bitter Asteraceae plants contain several compounds active against METS that can be used as an alternative preventive therapy. Our previous work showed that a natural chicory extract (NCRAE) containing chicoric acid (CRA) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) in a molar ratio of 70/30 exhibited an antioxidant, insulin sensitization and anti-hyperglycemic effect. The present study was designed to evaluate the preventive effects of an NCRAE-like extract against METS in a complementary natural pharmacotherapeutic approach. An original Asteraceae infused drink containing the NCRAE CRA/CGA molecular ratio equivalent was prepared from dandelion (Taraxacum officinale L.) and burdock (Arctium lappa L.). The anti-METS effect of this drink was evaluated on the fructose-rat model for 8 weeks. Body weight, blood biochemistry, hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase, arterial blood pressure glucose and insulin tolerance were evaluated after 8 weeks. Our results show that daily oral intake of the Asteraceae infused drink led to a reduction of body weight gain, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance and hypertension. Moreover, rat-by-rat analysis of the insulinemia measures revealed two types of responders. One sub-group of subjects demonstrated normal insulinemia and the other subgroup demonstrated hyperinsulinemia. This hyperinsulinemia, associated with the inhibition of the glucose-6-phosphatase activity in the liver tissue, may suggest an insulin release caused by CGA. The present study suggests that this original infusion of dandelion leaves and burdock roots may be used as an adjuvant therapy to prevent metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezki Yanis Idres
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Didier Tousch
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-411-75-95-60
| | - Claudie Dhuyque-Mayer
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Imane Hammad
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Karen Lambert
- PhyMedExp, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, University of Montpellier, CEDEX 5, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Cazals
- Laboratoire de Mesure Physique, University of Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Portet
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Ferrare
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Luc. P. R. Bidel
- INRA, UMR AGAP, CIRAD, SupAgro, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Poucheret
- UMR 95 Qualisud, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, SupAgro Montpellier, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
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Yang Y, Gao H, Liu W, Liu X, Jiang X, Li X, Wu Q, Xu Z, Zhao Q. Arctium lappa L. roots ameliorates cerebral ischemia through inhibiting neuronal apoptosis and suppressing AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy. Phytomedicine 2021; 85:153526. [PMID: 33691269 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arctium lappa L. roots are very popular cultivated vegetables, which possesses various pharmacological activities. Our previous studies have demonstrated that Arctium lappa L. roots exerted protective effects against H2O2, glutamate and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA)-induced neuronal injury in vitro. However, whether Arctium lappa L. roots could prevent against cerebral ischemia and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. PURPOSE The objective of the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of ethyl acetate extract of Arctium lappa L. roots (EAL) and the active ingredient 4,5-O-dicaffeoyl-1-O-[4-malic acid methyl ester]-quinic acid (DCMQA) in EAL against cerebral ischemia and explore the underlying mechanism. STUDY DESIGN The neuroprotective effects of EAL and DCMQA were investigated in rats with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and in oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells, respectively. METHODS The infarct volume, brain edema and neurological deficits were measured following MCAO. TUNEL and Nissl staining were performed to detect neuronal loss and apoptosis of neurons in rat brains. Cell survival was measured by MTT and LDH assay. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) levels were determined by DCFH-DA and JC-1 fluorescent probe, respectively. Hoechst 33342 staining and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining were performed to evaluate neuronal apoptosis. The expression levels of proteins were evaluated by western blot. RESULTS EAL reduced brain infarct volume, ameliorated brain edema and improved neurological deficits in MCAO rats. In addition, EAL inhibited oxidative stress and inflammatory responses following MCAO. Besides, active compound DCMQA alleviated cytotoxicity as well as inhibited over-production of intracellular ROS and loss of MMP induced by OGD/R in SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, EAL and DCMQA inhibited apoptosis by decreasing the expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins including bax, cytochrome c and cleaved caspase-3 while promoting the bcl-2 expression in MCAO rats and OGD/R-stimulated neurons, respectively. In addition, DCMQA suppressed the production of autophagosomes and down-regulated expression of Beclin 1 and LC3. Furthermore, inhibiting AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway contributed to DCMQA-mediated suppression of autophagy induced by OGD/R. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that Arctium lappa L. roots protect against cerebral ischemia through inhibiting apoptosis and AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy in vitro and in vivo, providing a theoretical basis for the development of CQAs in Arctium lappa L. roots as neuroprotective drugs for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Huan Gao
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Wenwu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Zihua Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Qingchun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China; School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
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