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Kuthan R, Zaremba-Wróblewski GL, Ott F, Soltaninia D. Septic Obturation of a Knee Endoprosthesis Caused by Aspergillus clavatus. Pathogens 2023; 12:1270. [PMID: 37887786 PMCID: PMC10610210 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12101270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus clavatus is a rare opportunistic fungal pathogen that can be isolated from various environmental sources, including soil and animal feces. Although infrequent, infections caused by A. clavatus can be severe in immunocompromised patients. Here, we present a case of a prosthetic joint infection (PJI) in a 74-year-old female patient caused by A. clavatus. The patient presented with left knee pain, and septic loosening of the left knee endoprosthesis was diagnosed. She underwent surgical revision with the implantation of an antibiotic spacer and microbiologic testing. The results came back positive for both Staphylococcus lugdunensis and A. clavatus (which is found in only a fraction of a percent of PJIs). She was treated with oral antimicrobials for 3 months postoperatively. This case report vividly illustrates a clinical scenario that underscores the significance of rigorous microbiologic testing procedures, accurate pathogen identification, unwavering vigilance in testing protocols, and a cautious approach that avoids succumbing to the seductive simplicity of Occam's razor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kuthan
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland;
- Student Scientific Club Microbiology Applied to Clinics and Real Life for Students (MACR-S) Affiliated to Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gabriel Lawrence Zaremba-Wróblewski
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland;
- Student Scientific Club Microbiology Applied to Clinics and Real Life for Students (MACR-S) Affiliated to Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Flynn Ott
- Student Scientific Club Microbiology Applied to Clinics and Real Life for Students (MACR-S) Affiliated to Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorsa Soltaninia
- Student Scientific Club Microbiology Applied to Clinics and Real Life for Students (MACR-S) Affiliated to Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
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Mendonça APS, Dos Reis KL, Barbosa-Tessmann IP. Aspergillus clavatus UEM 04: An efficient producer of glucoamylase and α-amylase able to hydrolyze gelatinized and raw starch. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:125890. [PMID: 37479205 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
The best amylolytic activity production by Aspergillus clavatus UEM 04 occurred in submersed culture, with starch, for 72 h, at 25 °C, and 100 rpm. Exclusion chromatography partially purified two enzymes, which ran as unique bands in SDS-PAGE with approximately 84 kDa. LC-MS/MS identified a glucoamylase (GH15) and an α-amylase (GH13_1) as the predominant proteins and other co-purified proteins. Zn2+, Cu2+, and Mn2+ activated the glucoamylase, and SDS, Zn2+, Fe3+, and Cu2+ inhibited the α-amylase. The α-amylase optimum pH was 6.5. The optimal temperatures for the glucoamylase and α-amylase were 50 °C and 40 °C, and the Tm was 53.1 °C and 56.3 °C, respectively. Both enzymes remained almost fully active for 28-32 h at 40 °C, but the α-amylase thermal stability was calcium-dependent. Furthermore, the glucoamylase and α-amylase KM for starch were 2.95 and 1.0 mg/mL, respectively. Still, the Vmax was 0.28 μmol/min of released glucose for glucoamylase and 0.1 mg/min of consumed starch for α-amylase. Moreover, the glucoamylase showed greater affinity for amylopectin and α-amylase for maltodextrin. Additionally, both enzymes efficiently degraded raw starch. At last, glucose was the main product of glucoamylase, and α-amylase produced mainly maltose from gelatinized soluble starch hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Silva Mendonça
- Biological Sciences Center, Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Karina Lima Dos Reis
- Biological Sciences Center, Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Ione Parra Barbosa-Tessmann
- Biological Sciences Center, Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
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Timorshina S, Popova E, Kreyer V, Baranova N, Osmolovskiy A. Keratinolytic Properties of Aspergillus clavatus Promising for Biodegradation. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:13939. [PMID: 36360819 PMCID: PMC9655890 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The high demand for keratinolytic enzymes and the modest presentation of fungal keratinase diversity studies in scientific sources cause a significant interest in identifying new fungal strains of keratinase producers, isolating new enzymes and studying their properties. Four out of the 32 cultures showed a promising target activity on protein-containing agar plates-Aspergillus amstelodami A6, A. clavatus VKPM F-1593, A. ochraceus 247, and Cladosporium sphaerospermum 1779. The highest values of keratinolytic activity were demonstrated by extracellular proteins synthesized by Aspergillus clavatus VKPM F-1593 cultivated under submerged conditions on a medium containing milled chicken feathers. The enzyme complex preparation was obtained by protein precipitation from the culture liquid with ammonium sulfate, subsequent dialysis, and lyophilization. The fraction of a pure enzyme with keratinolytic activity (pI 9.3) was isolated by separating the extracellular proteins of A. clavatus VKPM F-1593 via isoelectric focusing. The studied keratinase was an alkaline subtilisin-like non-glycosylated protease active over a wide pH range with optimum keratinolysis at pH 8 and 50 °C.
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Li W, Xiong P, Zheng W, Zhu X, She Z, Ding W, Li C. Identification and Antifungal Activity of Compounds from the Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus clavatus R7. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15080259. [PMID: 28825634 PMCID: PMC5577613 DOI: 10.3390/md15080259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new coumarin derivatives, 4,4′-dimethoxy-5,5′-dimethyl-7,7′-oxydicoumarin (1), 7-(γ,γ-dimethylallyloxy)-5-methoxy-4-methylcoumarin (2), a new chromone derivative, (S)-5-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-4H-furo[3,4-g]benzopyran-4,8(6H)-dione (5), and a new sterone derivative, 24-hydroxylergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (6), along with two known bicoumarins, kotanin (3) and orlandin (4), were isolated from an endophytic fungus Aspergillusclavatus (collection No. R7), isolated from the root of Myoporum bontioides collected from Leizhou Peninsula, China. Their structures were elucidated using 1D- and 2D- NMR spectroscopy, and HRESIMS. The absolute configuration of compound 5 was determined by comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compound 6 significantly inhibited the plant pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum, Colletotrichum musae and Penicillium italicum, compound 5 significantly inhibited Colletotrichum musae, and compounds 1, 3 and 4 greatly inhibited Fusarium oxysporum, showing the antifungal activities higher than those of the positive control, triadimefon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensheng Li
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Ping Xiong
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Wenxu Zheng
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xinwei Zhu
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Zhigang She
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Weijia Ding
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Chunyuan Li
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Falahati M, Ghojoghi A, Abastabar M, Ghasemi Z, Farahyar S, Roudbary M, Hedayati MT, Armaki MT, Hoseinnejad A. The First Case of Total Dystrophic Onychomycosis Caused by Aspergillus clavatus Resistant to Antifungal Drugs. Mycopathologia 2015; 181:273-7. [PMID: 26474550 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-015-9954-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Onychomycosis is a common fungal infection of nails which is mainly caused by dermatophyte species and less often by yeasts and non-dermatophyte molds. We present a case of onychomycosis due to Aspergillus clavatus for the first time worldwide. The patient was an immunocompetent 32-year-old woman who identified with Psoriasis of the nail. The presence of A. clavatus in a nail sample was confirmed using microscopic and culture analysis followed by PCR of the β-tubulin gene. After antifungal susceptibility test, it is revealed that the isolate was resistant to the majority of common antifungal drugs, but finally the patient was treated with itraconazole 200 mg daily. A. clavatus and drug-resistant A. clavatus have not previously been reported from onychomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehraban Falahati
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aynaz Ghojoghi
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Abastabar
- Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 48175-1665, Sari, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Ghasemi
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Farahyar
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Roudbary
- Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Hedayati
- Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 48175-1665, Sari, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Taghizadeh Armaki
- Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 48175-1665, Sari, Iran
| | - Akbar Hoseinnejad
- Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 48175-1665, Sari, Iran
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You YH, Kwak TW, Kang SM, Lee MC, Kim JG. Aspergillus clavatus Y2H0002 as a New Endophytic Fungal Strain Producing Gibberellins Isolated from Nymphoides pe ltata in Fresh Water. Mycobiology 2015; 43:87-91. [PMID: 25892921 PMCID: PMC4397386 DOI: 10.5941/myco.2015.43.1.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Eighteen endophytic fungi with different colony morphologies were isolated from the roots of Nymphoides peltata growing in the Dalsung wetland. The fungal culture filtrates of the endophytic fungi were treated to Waito-c rice seedling to evaluate their plant growth-promoting activities. Culture filtrate of Y2H0002 fungal strain promoted the growth of the Waito-c rice seedlings. This strain was identified on the basis of sequences of the partial internal transcribed spacer region and the partial beta-tubulin gene. Upon chromatographic analysis of the culture filtrate of Y2H0002 strain, the gibberellins (GAs: GA1, GA3, and GA4) were detected and quantified. Molecular and morphological studies identified the Y2H0002 strain as belonging to Aspergillus clavatus. These results indicated that A. clavatus improves the growth of plants and produces various GAs, and may participate in the growth of plants under diverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hyun You
- School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. ; National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 560-500, Korea
| | - Tae Won Kwak
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 602-739, Korea
| | - Sang-Mo Kang
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - Myung-Chul Lee
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 560-500, Korea
| | - Jong-Guk Kim
- School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
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Verma VC, Singh SK, Solanki R, Prakash S. Biofabrication of Anisotropic Gold Nanotriangles Using Extract of Endophytic Aspergillus clavatus as a Dual Functional Reductant and Stabilizer. Nanoscale Res Lett 2011; 6:16. [PMID: 27502640 PMCID: PMC3211211 DOI: 10.1007/s11671-010-9743-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Biosynthesis of metal and semiconductor nanoparticles using microorganisms has emerged as a more eco-friendly, simpler and reproducible alternative to the chemical synthesis, allowing the generation of rare forms such as nanotriangles and prisms. Here, we report the endophytic fungus Aspergillus clavatus, isolated from surface sterilized stem tissues of Azadirachta indica A. Juss., when incubated with an aqueous solution of chloroaurate ions produces a diverse mixture of intracellular gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), especially nanotriangles (GNT) in the size range from 20 to 35 nm. These structures (GNT) are of special interest since they possess distinct plasmonic features in the visible and IR regions, which equipped them with unique physical and optical properties exploitable in vital applications such as optics, electronics, catalysis and biomedicine. The reaction process was simple and convenient to handle and was monitored using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis). The morphology and crystalline nature of the GNTs were determined from transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force spectroscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. This proposed mechanistic principal might serve as a set of design rule for the synthesis of anisotropic nanostructures with desired architecture and can be amenable for the large scale commercial production and technical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay C Verma
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| | - Santosh K Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ravindra Solanki
- School of Material Science and Technology, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Satya Prakash
- National Facility for Tribal and Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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