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Fukuoka A, Wilson GJ, Pitmon E, Koumbas Foley L, Johnsson H, Pingen M, Graham GJ. Disruption of placental ACKR3 impairs growth and hematopoietic development of offspring. Development 2024; 151:dev202333. [PMID: 38300826 PMCID: PMC10911115 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
ACKR3 scavenges and degrades the stem cell recruiting chemokine CXCL12, which is essential for proper embryonic and, in particular, haematopoietic development. Here, we demonstrate strong expression of ACKR3 on trophoblasts. Using a maternally administered pharmacological blocker and Cre-mediated genetic approaches, we demonstrate that trophoblast ACKR3 is essential for preventing movement of CXCL12 from the mother to the embryo, with elevated plasma CXCL12 levels being detected in embryos from ACKR3-blocker-treated mothers. Mice born to mothers treated with the blocker are lighter and shorter than those born to vehicle-treated mothers and, in addition, display profound anaemia associated with a markedly reduced bone marrow haematopoietic stem cell population. Importantly, although the haematopoietic abnormalities are corrected as mice age, our studies reveal a postnatal window during which offspring of ACKR3-blocker-treated mice are unable to mount effective inflammatory responses to inflammatory/infectious stimuli. Overall, these data demonstrate that ACKR3 is essential for preventing CXCL12 transfer from mother to embryo and for ensuring properly regulated CXCL12 control over the development of the haematopoietic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Fukuoka
- Chemokine Research Group, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Gillian J. Wilson
- Chemokine Research Group, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Elise Pitmon
- Chemokine Research Group, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Lily Koumbas Foley
- Chemokine Research Group, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Hanna Johnsson
- Chemokine Research Group, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Marieke Pingen
- Chemokine Research Group, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Gerard J. Graham
- Chemokine Research Group, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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Fischer TF, Czerniak AS, Weiß T, Schoeder CT, Wolf P, Seitz O, Meiler J, Beck-Sickinger AG. Ligand-binding and -scavenging of the chemerin receptor GPR1. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6265-6281. [PMID: 34241650 PMCID: PMC8429170 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03894-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tight regulation of cytokines is essential for the initiation and resolution of inflammation. Chemerin, a mediator of innate immunity, mainly acts on chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) to induce the migration of macrophages and dendritic cells. The role of the second chemerin receptor, G protein-coupled receptor 1 (GPR1), is still unclear. Here we demonstrate that GPR1 shows ligand-induced arrestin3 recruitment and internalization. The chemerin C-terminus triggers this activation by folding into a loop structure, binding to aromatic residues in the extracellular loops of GPR1. While this overall binding mode is shared between GPR1 and CMKLR1, differences in their respective extracellular loop 2 allowed for the design of the first GPR1-selective peptide. However, our results suggest that ligand-induced arrestin recruitment is not the only mode of action of GPR1. This receptor also displays constitutive internalization, which allows GPR1 to internalize inactive peptides efficiently by an activation-independent pathway. Our results demonstrate that GPR1 takes a dual role in regulating chemerin activity: as a signaling receptor for arrestin-based signaling on one hand, and as a scavenging receptor with broader ligand specificity on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias F Fischer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Brüderstraße 34, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne S Czerniak
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Brüderstraße 34, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tina Weiß
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Brüderstraße 34, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Clara T Schoeder
- Center for Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN37212, USA
| | - Philipp Wolf
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Brüderstraße 34, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Oliver Seitz
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Meiler
- Center for Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN37212, USA
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University Medical School, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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Bonecchi R, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Riva F. Cytokine decoy and scavenger receptors as key regulators of immunity and inflammation. Cytokine 2016; 87:37-45. [PMID: 27498604 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
IL-1R2 was the first decoy receptor to be described. Subsequently receptors which act as pure decoys or scavengers or trigger dampening of cytokine signaling have been described for cytokines and chemokines. Here we review the current understanding of the mode of action and significance in pathology of the chemokine atypical receptor ACKR2, the IL-1 decoy receptor IL-1R2 and the atypical IL-1 receptor family IL-1R8. Decoy and scavenger receptors with no or atypical signaling have emerged as a general strategy conserved in evolution to tune the action of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Bonecchi
- Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCS, via Manzoni 113, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; Humanitas University, via Manzoni 113, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCS, via Manzoni 113, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCS, via Manzoni 113, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; Humanitas University, via Manzoni 113, 20089 Rozzano, Italy.
| | - Federica Riva
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Italy
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Sarmadi P, Tunali G, Esendagli-Yilmaz G, Yilmaz KB, Esendagli G. CRAM-A indicates IFN-γ-associated inflammatory response in breast cancer. Mol Immunol 2015; 68:692-8. [PMID: 26563945 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs) function as endpoint regulators of chemokine gradients. These non-signaling receptors that are transiently expressed under inflammatory conditions have critical roles in the control or maintenance of immune responses. Alternatively, here, CCRL2 (ACKR5) expression was determined to be constitutive in breast cancer cells. Increased amount of CCRL2 was also found in breast tumor tissues with high immune infiltration. Its expression was upregulated in the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and especially IFN-γ⋅ Moreover, an alternative transcript of CCRL2 gene, CRAM-A, was specifically expressed in a transient fashion under the influence of IFN-γ. CRAM-A expression was also positively correlated with the presence of IFN-γ mRNA in patient samples. CCRL2-associated chemotactic molecules, chemerin, CCL19 and CCL5, were also detected in cancer tissues and CCL5 mRNA level was correlated with that of CRAM-A and IFN-γ. Hence, in breast cancer, CRAM-A becomes specifically upregulated under inflammatory stimuli and may serve as a potential marker of immune response.
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Abe P, Mueller W, Schütz D, MacKay F, Thelen M, Zhang P, Stumm R. CXCR7 prevents excessive CXCL12-mediated downregulation of CXCR4 in migrating cortical interneurons. Development 2014; 141:1857-63. [PMID: 24718993 DOI: 10.1242/dev.104224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling pathway is involved in the development of numerous neuronal and non-neuronal structures. Recent work established that the atypical second CXCL12 receptor, CXCR7, is essential for the proper migration of interneuron precursors in the developing cerebral cortex. Two CXCR7-mediated functions were proposed in this process: direct modulation of β-arrestin-mediated signaling cascades and CXCL12 scavenging to regulate local chemokine availability and ensure responsiveness of the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway in interneurons. Neither of these functions has been proven in the embryonic brain. Here, we demonstrate that migrating interneurons efficiently sequester CXCL12 through CXCR7. CXCR7 ablation causes excessive phosphorylation and downregulation of CXCR4 throughout the cortex in mice expressing CXCL12, but not in CXCL12-deficient animals. Cxcl12(-/-) mice lack activated CXCR4 in embryonic brain lysates and display a similar interneuron positioning defect as Cxcr4(-/-), Cxcr7(-/-) and Cxcl12(-/-);Cxcr7(-/-) animals. Thus, CXCL12 is the only CXCR4-activating ligand in the embryonic brain and deletion of one of the CXCL12 receptors is sufficient to generate a migration phenotype that corresponds to the CXCL12-deficient pathway. Our findings imply that interfering with the CXCL12-scavenging activity of CXCR7 causes loss of CXCR4 function as a consequence of excessive CXCL12-mediated CXCR4 activation and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Abe
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena 07747, Germany
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Humpert ML, Pinto D, Jarrossay D, Thelen M. CXCR7 influences the migration of B cells during maturation. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:694-705. [PMID: 24259140 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201343907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The atypical chemokine receptor CXCR7 binds the chemokines CXCL12 and CXCL11. The receptor is widely expressed and was shown to tune CXCR12-induced responses of CXCR4. Here, the function of CXCR7 was examined at late stages of human B-cell maturation, when B cells differentiate into Ab-secreting plasmablasts. We identified two populations of CXCR7(+) cells in tonsillar lymphocytes, one being presumably memory B cells or early plasmablasts (FSC(low) CD19(+) CD38(mid) ) and the other being plasmablasts or early plasma cells (FSC(high) CD19(+) CD38(+) ). CXCR7 is expressed on CD19(+) CD27(+) memory B cells, on CD19(+) CD38(+) CD138(-) and intracellular immunoglobulin high plasmablasts, but not on CD19(+) CD138(+) icIg(high) plasma cells. The differential expression pattern suggests a potential contribution of the scavenger receptor in final B-cell maturation. On in vitro differentiating B cells, we found a marked inverse correlation between CXCR7 and CXCR5 cell surface levels, whereas expression of CXCR4 remained almost constant. Migration assays performed with tonsillar mononuclear cells or in vitro differentiated cells revealed that inhibition of CXCR7 markedly increases chemotaxis toward CXCL12, especially at late stages of B-cell maturation. Chemotaxis was attenuated in the presence of CXCR4 antagonists, confirming that migration is CXCR4 mediated. Our findings unequivocally demonstrate a novel role for CXCR7 in regulating the migration of plasmablasts during B-cell maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Luise Humpert
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Hou T, Liang D, Yang D, He J, Huang Y, Zhang Y. High expression of CRAM correlates with poor prognosis in patients with cervical carcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2014; 7:1060-1068. [PMID: 24695578 PMCID: PMC3971309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Atypical chemokine receptors (ACRs) have been reported to scavenge or alter the localization of their chemokine ligands. However, CRAM, a newly identified ACR member, is lack of ligand scavenging properties. The present study was to investigate the clinical significance of CRAM in cervical carcinoma. METHODS The expression of CRAM in primary cervical cancer and paired normal tissues from adjacent regions was examined using Real time PCR. Moreover, CRAM protein expression was analyzed in 272 cervical specimens including 50 normal cervical tissues, 40 cases of carcinoma in situ of cervix (CIS), and 182 cases of cervical cancer by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Real time PCR showed that the expression level of CRAM was markedly higher in cervical cancer than that in normal cervical tissues. The expression rate of CRAM in normal cervical tissues, CIS, and cervical cancer increased gradually (p < 0.01). In addition, the expression level of CCL19 was positively associated with that of CRAM (p < 0.05). Moreover, high expression level of CRAM was correlated with lymph node metastasis and histological subtype. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, high expression level of CRAM was a negative indicator for both overall (p = 0.028) and recurrence-free survival (p = 0.010). CONCLUSION The present study suggested that CRAM could be a clinical prognostic marker for patients with cervical cancer and might be a potential therapeutic target for cervical cancer. Our data extended previous research on the predictive value of ACRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, GD 510060, China
| | - Dongxia Liang
- Department of Gynecology, Henan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, HN 450008, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Urology, Henan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, HN 450008, China
| | - Jiehua He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, GD 510060, China
| | - Yongwen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, GD 510060, China
| | - Yanna Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, GD 510060, China
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