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Fang Z, Ma M, Wang Y, Dai W, Shang Q, Yu G. Degradation and fermentation of hyaluronic acid by Bacteroides spp. from the human gut microbiota. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 334:122074. [PMID: 38553207 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Bacteroides spp. are prominent members of the human gut microbiota that play critical roles in the metabolism of complex carbohydrates from the daily diet. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a multifunctional polysaccharide which has been extensively used in the food and biomedical industry. However, how HA is degraded and fermented by Bacteroides spp. has not been fully characterized. Here, we comprehensively investigated the detailed degradation profiles and fermentation characteristics of four different HAs with discrete molecular weight (Mw) by fourteen distinctive Bacteroides spp. from the human gut microbiota. Our results indicated that high-Mw HAs were more degradable and fermentable than low-Mw HAs. Interestingly, B. salyersiae showed the best degrading capability for both high-Mw and low-Mw HAs, making it a keystone species for HA degradation among Bacteroides spp.. Specifically, HA degradation by B. salyersiae produced significant amounts of unsaturated tetrasaccharide (udp4). Co-culture experiments indicated that the produced udp4 could be further fermented and utilized by non-proficient HA-degraders, suggesting a possible cross-feeding interaction in the utilization of HA within the Bacteroides spp.. Altogether, our study provides novel insights into the metabolism of HA by the human gut microbiota, which has considerable implications for the development of new HA-based nutraceuticals and medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Mingfeng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yamin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qingsen Shang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China; Qingdao Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Guangli Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Wu L, Park SH, Kim H. Direct and Indirect Evidence of Effects of Bacteroides spp. on Obesity and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:438. [PMID: 38203609 PMCID: PMC10778732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders present a significant public health challenge globally. The intricate relationship between the gut microbiome, particularly Bacteroides spp. (BAC), and obesity, including their specific metabolic functions, remains partly unresolved. This review consolidates current research on BAC's role in obesity and lipid metabolism, with three objectives: (1) To summarize the gut microbiota's impact on obesity; (2) To assess BAC's efficacy in obesity intervention; (3) To explore BAC's mechanisms in obesity and lipid metabolism management. This review critically examines the role of BAC in obesity, integrating findings from clinical and preclinical studies. We highlight the changes in BAC diversity and concentration following successful obesity treatment and discuss the notable differences in BAC characteristics among individuals with varying obesity levels. Furthermore, we review recent preclinical studies demonstrating the potential of BAC in ameliorating obesity and related inflammatory conditions, providing detailed insights into the methodologies of these in vivo experiments. Additionally, certain BAC-derived metabolites have been shown to be involved in the regulation of host lipid metabolism-related pathways. The enhanced TNF production by dendritic cells following BAC administration, in response to LPS, also positions BAC as a potential adjunctive therapy in obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Ilsan Hospital of Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seo-Hyun Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Bundang Hospital of Dongguk University, Seongnam 13601, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hojun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine, Bundang Hospital of Dongguk University, Seongnam 13601, Republic of Korea;
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Tan Y, Liang J, Lai M, Wan S, Luo X, Li F. Advances in synthetic biology toolboxes paving the way for mechanistic understanding and strain engineering of gut commensal Bacteroides spp. and Clostridium spp. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 69:108272. [PMID: 37844770 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a significant role in influencing human immunity, metabolism, development, and behavior by producing a wide range of metabolites. While there is accumulating data on several microbiota-derived small molecules that contribute to host health and disease, our knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying metabolite-mediated microbe-host interactions remains limited. This is primarily due to the lack of efficient genetic tools for most commensal bacteria, especially those belonging to the dominant phyla Bacteroides spp. and Clostridium spp., which hinders the application of synthetic biology to these gut commensal bacteria. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in synthetic biology tools developed for the two dominant genera, as well as their applications in deciphering the mechanisms of microbe-host interactions mediated by microbiota-derived small molecules. We also discuss the potential biomedical applications of engineering commensal bacteria using these toolboxes. Finally, we share our perspective on the future development of synthetic biology tools for a better understanding of small molecule-mediated microbe-host interactions and their engineering for biomedical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Jing Liang
- Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mingchi Lai
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Sai Wan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiaozhou Luo
- Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fuli Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, China.
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Sood A, Ray P, Angrup A. Anaerobic Gram-Negative Bacteria: Role as a Reservoir of Antibiotic Resistance. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050942. [PMID: 37237845 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria (AGNB) play a significant role as both pathogens and essential members of the human microbiota. Despite their clinical importance, there remains limited understanding regarding their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns. This knowledge gap poses challenges in effectively managing AGNB-associated infections, as empirical treatment approaches may not adequately address the evolving resistance landscape. To bridge this research gap, we conducted a comprehensive study aimed at exploring the role of human AGNB as a reservoir of AMR. This can provide valuable insights for the prevention and management of anaerobic infections. METHODS We studied the prevalence of AMR and AMR determinants conferring resistance to metronidazole (nimE), imipenem (cfiA), piperacillin-tazobactam (cepA), cefoxitin (cfxA), clindamycin (ermF), chloramphenicol (cat) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as cfiAIS and IS1186 associated with the cfiA and nim gene expression. These parameters were studied in Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium spp., Prevotella spp., Veillonella spp., Sutterella spp., and other clinical AGNB. RESULTS Resistance to metronidazole, clindamycin, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoxitin and chloramphenicol was 29%, 33.5%, 0.5%, 27.5%, 26.5% and 0%, respectively. The presence of resistance genes, viz., nim, ermF, cfiA, cepA, cfxA, was detected in 24%, 33.5%, 10%, 9.5%, 21.5% isolates, respectively. None of the tested isolates showed the presence of a cat gene and MGEs, viz., cfiAIS and IS1186. The highest resistance to all antimicrobial agents was exhibited by Bacteroides spp. The association between resistant phenotypes and genotypes was complete in clindamycin, as all clindamycin-resistant isolates showed the presence of ermF gene, and none of the susceptible strains harbored this gene; similarly, all isolates were chloramphenicol-susceptible and also lacked the cat gene, whereas the association was low among imipenem and piperacillin-tazobactam. Metronidazole and imipenem resistance was seen to be dependent on insertion sequences for the expression of AMR genes. A constrained co-existence of cepA and cfiA gene in B. fragilis species was seen. Based on the absence and presence of the cfiA gene, we divided B. fragilis into two categories, Division I (72.6%) and Division II (27.3%), respectively. CONCLUSION AGNB acts as a reservoir of specific AMR genes, which may pose a threat to other anaerobes due to functional compatibility and acquisition of these genes. Thus, AST-complying standard guidelines must be performed periodically to monitor the local and institutional susceptibility trends, and rational therapeutic strategies must be adopted to direct empirical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshul Sood
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Pallab Ray
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Archana Angrup
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
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Hashimoto T, Hashinaga K, Komiya K, Hiramatsu K. Prevalence of antimicrobial resistant genes in Bacteroides spp. isolated in Oita Prefecture, Japan. J Infect Chemother 2023; 29:284-288. [PMID: 36473684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bacteroides spp. are the most common anaerobic bacteria isolated from the human gastrointestinal tract. Several resistant genes are present in Bacteroides spp. However, most studies have focused on the prevalence of the cfiA gene in Bacteroides fragilis alone. We assessed the susceptibility to antimicrobial agents and the prevalence of cepA, cfiA, cfxA, ermF, nim, and tetQ genes in Bacteroides strains isolated from clinical specimens in our hospital. METHODS We isolated 86 B. fragilis and 58 non-fragilis Bacteroides strains from human clinical specimens collected from January 2011 to November 2021. Resistance against piperacillin (PIPC), cefotaxime (CTX), cefepime (CFPM), meropenem (MEPM), clindamycin, and minocycline was determined. RESULTS The resistant rates of penicillins and cephalosporins in non-fragilis isolates were significantly higher than those in B. fragilis isolates. In B. fragilis isolates, the resistant rates of PIPC, CTX, and CFPM in cfxA-positive isolates were significantly higher than those in cfxA-negative isolates (71% vs. 16%, 77% vs. 19%, and 77% vs. 30%, respectively). Thirteen B. fragilis isolates harbored the cfiA gene, two of which were resistant to MEPM. Six of the 13 cfiA-positive B. fragilis isolates were heterogeneously resistant to MEPM. CONCLUSION It is important to evaluate the use of MEPM as empirical therapy for Bacteroides spp. infections, considering the emergence of carbapenem resistance during treatment, existence of MEPM-resistant strains, and heterogeneous resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kosaku Komiya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
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Ludwig N, Demaree IS, Yamada C, Nusbaum A, Nichols FC, White FA, Movila A, Obukhov AG. Dihydroceramides Derived from Bacteroidetes Species Sensitize TRPV1 Channels. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36614317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial colonization of open wounds is common, and patients with infected wounds often report significantly elevated pain sensitivity at the wound site. Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1 (TRPV1) channels are known to play an important role in pain signaling and may be sensitized under pro-inflammatory conditions. Bacterial membrane components, such as phosphoethanolamine dihydroceramide (PEDHC), phosphoglycerol dihydroceramide (PGDHC), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), are released in the environment from the Gram-negative bacteria of the Bacteroidetes species colonizing the infected wounds. Here, we used intracellular calcium imaging and patch-clamp electrophysiology approaches to determine whether bacterially derived PEDHC, PGDHC, or LPS can modulate the activity of the TRPV1 channels heterologously expressed in HEK cells. We found that PEDHC and PGDHC can sensitize TRPV1 in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas LPS treatment does not significantly affect TRPV1 activity in HEK cells. We propose that sensitization of TRPV1 channels by Bacteroidetes-derived dihydroceramides may at least in part underlie the increased pain sensitivity associated with wound infections.
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Si H, Liu H, Nan W, Li G, Li Z, Lou Y. Effects of Arginine Supplementation on Serum Metabolites and the Rumen Bacterial Community of Sika Deer ( Cervus nippon). Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:630686. [PMID: 33614769 PMCID: PMC7892468 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.630686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Velvet antler is a regeneration organ of sika deer (Cervus nippon) and an important Chinese medicine, and nutrient metabolism affects its growth. Here, we investigated the effects of arginine supplementation on antler growth, serum biochemical indices, and the rumen bacterial community of sika deer during the antler growth period. Fifteen male sika deer (6 years old) were randomly assigned to three dietary groups, which were supplemented with 0 (n = 5, CON), 2.5 (n = 5, LArg), or 5.0 g/d (n = 5, HArg) L-arginine. The IGF-1, ALT and AST concentrations in the serum of LArg sika deer were significantly higher than those in the serum of CON (P < 0.05) and HArg deer (P < 0.05). The phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were dominant in the rumen of sika deer among the three groups. Comparison of alpha diversities showed that the ACE and Chao1 indices significantly increased in the LArg and HArg groups compared with those in the CON group. PCoA and ANOSIM results showed that the bacterial community was significantly changed between the CON and LArg groups. Moreover, the relative abundances of Fibrobacter spp. and Prevotellaceae UCG-003 increased, but those of Clostridium sensu stricto 1 and Corynebacterium 1 decreased in the LArg and HArg groups compared with those in the CON group. Additionally, the relative abundances of 19 OTUs were significantly different between the LArg and HArg groups. These results revealed that arginine supplementation affected the sika deer rumen bacterial community and serum biochemical indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huazhe Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,Department of Special Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Hanlu Liu
- Department of Special Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Weixiao Nan
- Department of Special Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Guangyu Li
- Department of Special Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,Department of Special Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yujie Lou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Badi SA, Motahhary A, Bahramali G, Masoumi M, Khalili SFS, Ebrahimzadeh N, Nouri P, Rahimi A, Masotti A, Moshiri A, Siadat SD. The regulation of Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 (NPC1L1) gene expression in opposite direction by Bacteroides spp. and related outer membrane vesicles in Caco-2 cell line. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:415-422. [PMID: 32550192 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The intestine has substantial role in cholesterol homeostasis due to the presence of various cholesterol transporters and gut microbiota. Bacteroides spp. are important members of gut microbiota that employ outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) to interact with host. In this regard, we evaluated the effect of Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and related OMVs on the gene expression of important cholesterol transporters, Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 (NPC1L1), ATP-binding cassette (ABCA1), and liver X receptors (LXRs) in Caco-2 cells. Methods OMVs were isolated from overnight brain heart infusion (BHI) broth of bacterial standard strains using deoxycholate and assessed by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The relative change in genes expression was assessed by Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) based on SYBR Green and 2-∆∆ct method in Caco-2 cells that were treated with bacteria and OMVs. Data were statistically analyzed with GraphPad Prism software. Finally, pathway enrichment based on the studied genes was performed using Cytoscape plugin ClueGO. Results B. fragilis (P value = 0.002) and B. thetaiotaomicron (P value = 0.001) significantly reduced NPC1L1 gene expression in Caco-2 cells. Interestingly, NPC1L1 transcripts were significantly increased by both OMVs(P value = 0.04) (P value = 0.01). Also, LXRβ was significantly down regulated by B. thetaiotaomicron (P value = 0.02). ClueGO analysis on the studied genes demonstrated several functional groups which involve in lipid and cholesterol metabolism. Conclusion The opposite effect of B. fragilis, B. thetaiotaomicron and related OMVs on the NPC1L1 gene expression was observed in Caco-2 cells. Interestingly, these effects partially were in line with the alternation of LXRs expression. However, based on pathway enrichment analysis, further molecular investigations are required to elaborate in details the specific association between Bacteroides spp. and OMVs with regulation of cholesterol signaling pathways including cholesterol transport, lipid storage, lipid homeostasis and cholesterol homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ahmadi Badi
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atiyyeh Motahhary
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnaz Bahramali
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Masoumi
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nayereh Ebrahimzadeh
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Nouri
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ayoub Rahimi
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Research Laboratories, Rome, Italy
| | - Arfa Moshiri
- Cancer Department, Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Endocrinologyand Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tillett BJ, Sharley D, Almeida MIGS, Valenzuela I, Hoffmann AA, Pettigrove V. A short work-flow to effectively source faecal pollution in recreational waters - A case study. Sci Total Environ 2018; 644:1503-1510. [PMID: 30743863 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microbial pollution of recreational waters poses a significant public health risk which, unless mitigated, will continue to increase with population growth. Water managers must implement strategies to accurately discriminate and source human from animal faecal contamination in complex urbanised environments. Our case-study used a new combination of chemical (i.e. ammonia) and microbial (i.e. Escherichia coli, Bacteroides spp.) faecal monitoring tools in a targeted multi-tiered approach to quickly identify pollution hot-spots and track high-risk subterranean stormwater drains in real-time. We successfully located three point sources of human faecal pollution (both episodic and constant pollution streams) within 11 catchments in a total monitoring time of four months. Alternative approaches for obtaining such fine-scale accuracy are typically labour intensive and require expensive equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bree J Tillett
- Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management, School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia; Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia.
| | - David Sharley
- Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management, School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - M Inês G S Almeida
- Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Isabel Valenzuela
- Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management, School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia; Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management, School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia; Bio21 Institute, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Vincent Pettigrove
- Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management, School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia; Aquatic Pollution Prevention Partnership, College of Science, Engineering & Health, RMIT University, PO Box 71, Bundoora 3078, Australia
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Kierzkowska M, Majewska A, Szymanek-Majchrzak K, Sawicka-Grzelak A, Mlynarczyk A, Mlynarczyk G. In vitro effect of clindamycin against Bacteroides and Parabacteroides isolates in Poland. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2017; 13:49-52. [PMID: 29129778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were (i) to analyse strains of the genera Bacteroides and Parabacteroides isolated from clinical specimens for phenotypic resistance to clindamycin, (ii) to detect erm genes in the isolates and (iii) to determine any correlation between in vitro resistance and the presence of erm genes. METHODS The Bacteroides and Parabacteroides isolates analysed were obtained from patients hospitalised at teaching hospitals in Poland. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Etest and the results were interpreted according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) guidelines. All isolates were analysed by PCR for the presence of the resistance genes ermF, ermB and ermG. RESULTS Resistance to clindamycin was detected in 31.0% (62/200) of all evaluated isolates, with the ermF and ermB genes detected in 31.0% (62/200) and 0.5% (1/200) of isolates, respectively. No isolates with ermG were detected among the evaluated strains. Pearson's test showed an almost perfect correlation between clindamycin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the presence of ermF in Bacteroides spp. and Parabacteroides distasonis isolates, although the ermF gene was also present in 10 clindamycin-susceptible isolates of Bacteroides spp. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated a substantial proportion of Bacteroides (22.5-100% depending on the species) and 50.0% of Parabacteroides strains exhibiting resistance to clindamycin. The clindamycin MIC for resistant strains in each case was ≥256mg/L. Resistance to clindamycin in Bacteroides and Parabacteroides species is correlated mainly with the presence of the ermF gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kierzkowska
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5 Str., 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Medical Microbiology, The Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital, Lindleya 4 Str., 02-005 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Majewska
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5 Str., 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Medical Microbiology, The Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital, Lindleya 4 Str., 02-005 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ksenia Szymanek-Majchrzak
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5 Str., 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Medical Microbiology, The Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital, Lindleya 4 Str., 02-005 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sawicka-Grzelak
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5 Str., 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Medical Microbiology, The Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital, Lindleya 4 Str., 02-005 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Mlynarczyk
- Department of Medical Microbiology, The Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital, Lindleya 4 Str., 02-005 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grazyna Mlynarczyk
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5 Str., 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Medical Microbiology, The Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital, Lindleya 4 Str., 02-005 Warsaw, Poland
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De Keukeleire S, Wybo I, Naessens A, Echahidi F, Van der Beken M, Vandoorslaer K, Vermeulen S, Piérard D. Anaerobic bacteraemia: a 10-year retrospective epidemiological survey. Anaerobe 2016; 39:54-9. [PMID: 26923749 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In order to identify current trends in anaerobic bacteraemia, a 10-year retrospective study was performed in the University Hospital Brussel, Belgium. All clinically relevant bacteraemia detected from 2004 until 2013 were included. Medical records were reviewed in an attempt to define clinical parameters that might be associated with the occurrence of anaerobic bacteraemia. 437 of the isolated organisms causing anaerobic bacteraemia were thawed, subcultured and reanalyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). There were an average of 33 cases of anaerobic bacteraemia per year during 2004-2008 compared to an average of 27 cases per year during 2009-2013 (P = 0.017), corresponding to a decrease by 19% between the first and the latter period. Also, the total number of cases of anaerobic bacteraemia per 100,000 patient days decreased from 17.3 in the period from 2004 to 2008 to 13.7 in the period 2009 to 2013 (P = 0.023). Additionally, the mean incidence of anaerobic bacteraemia decreased during the study period (1.27/1000 patients in 2004 vs. 0.94/1000 patients in 2013; P = 0.008). In contrast, the proportion of isolated anaerobic bacteraemia compared to the number of all bacteraemia remained stable at 5%. Bacteroides spp. and Parabacteroides spp. accounted for 47.1% of the anaerobes, followed by 14.4% Clostridium spp., 12.6% non-spore-forming Gram-positive rods, 10.5% anaerobic cocci, 8.2% Prevotella spp. and other Gram-negative rods and 7.1% Fusobacterium spp. The lower gastrointestinal tract (47%) and wound infections (10%) were the two most frequent sources for bacteraemia, with the origin remaining unknown in 62 cases (21%). The overall mortality rate was 14%. Further studies focusing on the antimicrobial susceptibility and demographic background of patients are needed to further objectify the currently observed trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven De Keukeleire
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ingrid Wybo
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Naessens
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fedoua Echahidi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mieke Van der Beken
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kristof Vandoorslaer
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefan Vermeulen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Education, Health & Social Work, University College Ghent, Belgium
| | - Denis Piérard
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
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Blatchford P, Bentley-Hewitt KL, Stoklosinski H, McGhie T, Gearry R, Gibson G, Ansell J. In vitro characterisation of the fermentation profile and prebiotic capacity of gold-fleshed kiwifruit. Benef Microbes 2015; 6:829-39. [PMID: 26123782 DOI: 10.3920/bm2015.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A new Actinidia chinensis gold-fleshed kiwifruit cultivar 'Zesy002' was tested to investigate whether it could positively modulate the composition of the human colonic microbiota. Digested Zesy002 kiwifruit was added to in vitro pH-controlled anaerobic batch fermenters that were inoculated with representative human faecal microbiota. Alterations to the gut microbial ecology were determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolic end products were measured using gas chromatography and liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry. Results indicated a substantial shift in the composition of bacteria within the gut models caused by kiwifruit supplementation. Zesy002 supplemented microbiota had a significantly higher abundance of Bacteroides spp., Parabacteroides spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. after 48 h of fermentation compared with the start of the fermentation. Organic acids from kiwifruit were able to endure simulated gastrointestinal digestion and were detectable in the first 10 h of fermentation. The fermentable carbohydrates were converted to beneficial organic acids with a particular predilection for propionate production, corresponding with the rise in Bacteroides spp. and Parabacteroides spp. These results support the claim that Zesy002 kiwifruit non-digestible fractions can effect favourable changes to the human colonic microbial community and primary metabolites, and demonstrate a hitherto unknown effect of Zesy002 on colonic microbiota under in vitro conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Blatchford
- 1 The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.,2 Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom
| | - K L Bentley-Hewitt
- 1 The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - H Stoklosinski
- 1 The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - T McGhie
- 1 The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - R Gearry
- 3 Department of Gastroenterology, Christchurch Hospital, Private Bag 4710, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - G Gibson
- 2 Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom
| | - J Ansell
- 4 Zespri International Limited, 400 Maunganui Road, P.O. Box 4043, Mt Maunganui 3149, New Zealand
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McCall CA, Jordan KS, Habash MB, Dunfield KE. Monitoring Bacteroides spp. markers, nutrients, metals and Escherichia coli in soil and leachate after land application of three types of municipal biosolids. Water Res 2015; 70:255-265. [PMID: 25540839 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A lysimeter-based field study was done to monitor the transfer of culturable Escherichia coli, general (ALLBAC), human (Hf183) and swine (PIG-BAC-1) specific 16S rRNA Bacteroides spp. markers, nutrients and metals through soils and leachate over time following land application of a CP1/Class A as well as two CP2/Class B municipal biosolids (MBs). Hf183 markers were detected up to six days following application in soils receiving dewatered and liquid MBs, but not in leachate, suggesting their use in source tracking is better suited for recent pollution events. The CP2/Class B biosolids and swine manure contributed the highest microbial load with E. coli loads (between 2.5 and 3.7 log CFU (100 mL)(-1)) being greater than North American concentration recommendations for safe recreational water. ALLBAC persisted in soils and leachate receiving all treatments and was detected prior to amendment application demonstrating its unsuitability for identifying the presence of fecal pollution. A significant increase in NO₃-N (for Lystek and dewatered MBs) and total-P (for dewatered and liquid MBs) in leachate was observed in plots receiving the CP1/Class A and CP2/Class B type MBs which exceeded North American guidelines, suggesting impact to surface water. Metal (As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Pb, Mo, Ni, Se, Zn and Hg) transfer was negligible in soil and leachate samples receiving all treatments. This study is one of the first to examine the fate of E. coli and Bacteroides spp. markers in situ following the land application of MBs where surface runoff does not apply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal A McCall
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Katerina S Jordan
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Marc B Habash
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Kari E Dunfield
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Jinno S, Nakamura Y, Nagata M, Takahashi T. 1-Kestose consumption during pregnancy and lactation increases the levels of IgA in the milk of lactating mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 78:861-6. [PMID: 25035990 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.905179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To examine the effect of dietary supplementation with 1-kestose on the IgA levels in milk, BALB/c mice were fed diets with or without 5% 1-kestose during pregnancy and lactation. The total and specific IgA levels in the milk were measured at 7 and 14 days after delivery. A two-way ANOVA with repeated measures resulted in a significant effect of 1-kestose-supplementation on total IgA concentrations (p < 0.05) and the level of anti-Bacteroides IgA (p < 0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between the mean count of Bacteroides spp. in maternal feces and the total IgA concentration in maternal milk (r = 0.55, p < 0.05), suggesting a potential link between the gut and mammary gland immune system. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the effects of dietary prebiotics on milk IgA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Jinno
- a Nutrition Research Department, Food Science Research Laboratories, Division of Research and Development , Meiji Co., Ltd. , Odawara , Japan
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