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De Caro R, Boscolo-Berto R, Artico M, Bertelli E, Cannas M, Cappello F, Carpino G, Castorina S, Cataldi A, Cavaletti GA, Cinti S, Cocco LI, Cremona O, Crivellato E, De Luca A, Falconi M, Familiari G, Ferri GL, Fornai F, Gesi M, Geuna S, Gibelli DM, Giordano A, Gobbi P, Guerra G, Gulisano M, Macchi V, Macchiarelli G, Manzoli L, Michetti F, Miscia S, Montagnani S, Montella ACM, Morini S, Onori P, Palumbo C, Papa M, Porzionato A, Quacci DE, Raspanti M, Rende M, Rezzani R, Ribatti D, Ripani M, Rodella LF, Rossi P, Sbarbati A, Secchiero P, Sforza C, Stecco C, Toni R, Vercelli A, Vitale M, Zancanaro C, Zauli G, Zecchi S, Anastasi GP, Gaudio E. The Italian law on body donation: A position paper of the Italian College of Anatomists. Ann Anat 2021; 238:151761. [PMID: 34139280 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In Italy, recent legislation (Law No. 10/2020) has tuned regulations concerning the donation of one's postmortem body and tissues for study, training, and scientific research purposes. This study discusses several specific issues to optimise the applicability and effectiveness of such an important, novel regulatory setting. Critical issues arise concerning the learners, the type of training and teaching activities that can be planned, the position of academic anatomy institutes, the role of family members in the donation process, the time frame of the donation process, the eligibility of partial donation, or the simultaneous donation of organs and tissues to patients awaiting transplantation. In particular, a universal time limit for donations (i.e., one year) makes it impossible to plan the long-term use of specific body parts, which could be effectively preserved for the advanced teaching and training of medical students and surgeons. The abovementioned conditions lead to the limited use of corpses, thus resulting in the inefficiency of the whole system of body donation. Overall, the donors' scope for the donation of their body could be best honoured by a more flexible and tuneable approach that can be used on a case-by-case basis. Furthermore, it is deemed necessary to closely monitor the events scheduled for corpses in public nonacademic institutions or private enterprises. This paper presents useful insights from Italian anatomists with the hope of providing inspiration for drafting the regulations. In conclusion, this paper focuses on the critical issues derived from the recently introduced Italian law on the donation and use of the body after death and provides suggestions to lawmakers for future implementations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele De Caro
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - Rafael Boscolo-Berto
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - Marco Artico
- Department of Sensory Organs, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Bertelli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Mario Cannas
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Human Anatomy, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Department of Biomedicine and Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Guido Carpino
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Castorina
- Department of Biomedical and Technological Sciences, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Amelia Cataldi
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Guido Angelo Cavaletti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Experimental Neurology Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Saverio Cinti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Ottavio Cremona
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Crivellato
- Department of Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Mirella Falconi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Familiari
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Ferri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, NEF-Laboratory, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Fornai
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Gesi
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Geuna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Pietro Gobbi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Massimo Gulisano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Veronica Macchi
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Guido Macchiarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Lucia Manzoli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Michetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefania Montagnani
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Sergio Morini
- Laboratory of Microscopical and Ultrastructural Anatomy, "Campus Bio-Medico di Roma" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Onori
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Palumbo
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Michele Papa
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Porzionato
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Mario Raspanti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Mario Rende
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Section of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rita Rezzani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ripani
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Fabrizio Rodella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Rossi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sbarbati
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiarella Sforza
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carla Stecco
- Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberto Toni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vercelli
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Vitale
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Zancanaro
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sandra Zecchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pio Anastasi
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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