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Wang Z, Yang L. Natural-product-based, carrier-free, noncovalent nanoparticles for tumor chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107150. [PMID: 38521285 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Cancer, with its diversity, heterogeneity, and complexity, is a significant contributor to global morbidity, disability, and mortality, highlighting the necessity for transformative treatment approaches. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has aroused continuous interest as a viable alternative to conventional cancer treatments that encounter drug resistance. Nanotechnology has brought new advances in medicine and has shown great potential in drug delivery and cancer treatment. For precise and efficient therapeutic utilization of such a tumor therapeutic approach with high spatiotemporal selectivity and minimal invasiveness, the carrier-free noncovalent nanoparticles (NPs) based on chemo-photodynamic combination therapy is essential. Utilizing natural products as the foundation for nanodrug development offers unparalleled advantages, including exceptional pharmacological activity, easy functionalization/modification, and well biocompatibility. The natural-product-based, carrier-free, noncovalent NPs revealed excellent synergistic anticancer activity in comparison with free photosensitizers and free bioactive natural products, representing an alternative and favorable combination therapeutic avenue to improve therapeutic efficacy. Herein, a comprehensive summary of current strategies and representative application examples of carrier-free noncovalent NPs in the past decade based on natural products (such as paclitaxel, 10-hydroxycamptothecin, doxorubicin, etoposide, combretastatin A4, epigallocatechin gallate, and curcumin) for tumor chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. We highlight the insightful design and synthesis of the smart carrier-free NPs that aim to enhance PDT efficacy. Meanwhile, we discuss the future challenges and potential opportunities associated with these NPs to provide new enlightenment, spur innovative ideas, and facilitate PDT-mediated clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Natural Products and Pharmaceutical Intermediates in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus, Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Liyan Yang
- School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, PR China; Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
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Zhang W, Dang G, Dong J, Li Y, Jiao P, Yang M, Zou X, Cao Y, Ji H, Dong L. A multifunctional nanoplatform based on graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots for imaging-guided and tumor-targeted chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 199:111549. [PMID: 33388720 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (g-CNQDs) have shown great potential in imaging, drug delivery and photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, relevant research on g-CNQDs for PDT or drug delivery has been conducted separately. Herein, we develop a g-CNQDs-based nanoplatform (g-CPFD) to achieve simultaneously imaging and chemo-photodynamic combination therapy in one system. A g-CNQDs-based nanocarrier (g-CPF) is first prepared by successively introducing carboxyamino-terminated oligomeric polyethylene glycol and folic acid onto the surface of g-CNQDs via two-step amidation. The resultant g-CPF possesses good physiological stability, strong blue fluorescence, desirable biocompatibility, and visible light-stimulated reactive oxygen species generating ability. Further non-covalently loaded doxorubicin enables the system with chemotherapy function. Compared with free doxorubicin, g-CPFD expresses more efficient chemotherapy to HeLa cells due to improved folate receptor-mediated cellular uptake and intracellular pH-triggered drug release. Furthermore, g-CPFD under visible light irradiation shows enhanced inhibition on the growth of cancer cells compared to sole chemotherapy or PDT. Thus, g-CPFD exhibits exceptional anti-tumor efficiency due to folate receptor-mediated targeting ability, intracellular pH-triggered drug release and a combined treatment effect arising from PDT and chemotherapy. Moreover, this nanoplatform benefits imaging-guided drug delivery because of inherent fluorescent properties of doxorubicin and g-CPF, hence achieving the goal of imaging-guided chemo-photodynamic combination treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxian Zhang
- Institute of Optical Functional Materials for Biomedical Imaging, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, Shandong, 271016, PR China
| | - Guangyao Dang
- Institute of Optical Functional Materials for Biomedical Imaging, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, Shandong, 271016, PR China
| | - Jian Dong
- Institute of Optical Functional Materials for Biomedical Imaging, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, Shandong, 271016, PR China.
| | - Yanyan Li
- Institute of Optical Functional Materials for Biomedical Imaging, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, Shandong, 271016, PR China
| | - Peng Jiao
- Life Science Research Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, Shandong, 271016, PR China
| | - Mingfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, Shandong, 271016, PR China
| | - Xianwen Zou
- Institute of Optical Functional Materials for Biomedical Imaging, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, Shandong, 271016, PR China
| | - Yutao Cao
- Institute of Optical Functional Materials for Biomedical Imaging, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, Shandong, 271016, PR China
| | - Haiwei Ji
- Institute of Optical Functional Materials for Biomedical Imaging, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, Shandong, 271016, PR China
| | - Lifeng Dong
- Institute of Optical Functional Materials for Biomedical Imaging, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, Shandong, 271016, PR China.
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