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Alkahtani S, Alkahtane AA, Stournaras C, Alarifi S. Chorein sensitive microtubule organization in tumor cells. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16074. [PMID: 37744224 PMCID: PMC10517657 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study is to analyzed the involvement of chorein in microtubules organization of three types of malignant; rhabdomyosarcoma tumor cells (ZF), rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RH30), and rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RD). ZF are expressing high chorein levels. Previous studies revealed that chorein protein silencing in ZF tumor cells persuaded apoptotic response followed by cell death. In addition, in numerous malignant and non-malignant cells this protein regulates actin cytoskeleton structure and cellular signaling. However, the function of chorein protein in microtubular organization is yet to be established. Methods In a current research study, we analyzed the involvement of chorein in microtubules organization by using three types of malignant rhabdomyosarcoma cells. We have applied confocal laser-scanning microscopy to analyze microtubules structure and RT-PCR to examine cytoskeletal gene transcription. Results We report here that in rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RH30), chorein silencing induced disarrangement of microtubular network. This was documented by laser scanning microscopy and further quantified by FACS analysis. Interestingly and in agreement with previous reports, tubulin gene transcription in RH cells was unchanged upon silencing of chorein protein. Equally, confocal analysis showed minor disordered microtubules organization with evidently weakened staining in rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RD and ZF) after silencing of chorein protein. Conclusion These results disclose that chorein silencing induces considerable structural disorganization of tubulin network in RH30 human rhabdomyosarcoma tumor cells. Additional studies are now needed to establish the role of chorein in regulating cytoskeleton architecture in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Alkahtane
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christos Stournaras
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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McEwan DG, Ryan KM. ATG2 and VPS13 proteins: molecular highways transporting lipids to drive membrane expansion and organelle communication. FEBS J 2022; 289:7113-7127. [PMID: 34783437 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Communication between organelles is an essential process that helps maintain cellular homeostasis and organelle contact sites have recently emerged as crucial mediators of this communication. The emergence of a class of molecular bridges that span the inter-organelle gaps has now been shown to direct the flow of lipid traffic from one lipid bilayer to another. One of the key components of these molecular bridges is the presence of an N-terminal Chorein/VPS13 domain. This is an evolutionarily conserved domain present in multiple proteins within the endocytic and autophagy trafficking pathways. Herein, we discuss the current state-of-the-art of this class of proteins, focusing on the role of these lipid transporters in the autophagy and endocytic pathways. We discuss the recent biochemical and structural advances that have highlighted the essential role Chorein-N domain containing ATG2 proteins play in driving the formation of the autophagosome and how lipids are transported from the endoplasmic reticulum to the growing phagophore. We also consider the VPS13 proteins, their role in organelle contacts and the endocytic pathway and highlight how disease-causing mutations disrupt these contact sites. Finally, we open the door to discuss other Chorein_N domain containing proteins, for instance, UHRF1BP1/1L, their role in disease and look towards prokaryote examples of Chorein_N-like domains. Taken together, recent advances have highlighted an exciting opportunity to delve deeper into inter-organelle communication and understand how lipids are transported between membrane bilayers and how this process is disrupted in multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Peikert K, Hermann A, Danek A. XK-Associated McLeod Syndrome: Nonhematological Manifestations and Relation to VPS13A Disease. Transfus Med Hemother 2022; 49:4-12. [PMID: 35221863 PMCID: PMC8832239 DOI: 10.1159/000521417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND McLeod syndrome (MLS) is an X-linked multisystemic progressive disorder caused by loss of function mutations in the XK gene. The rare blood group phenotype of MLS patients with absent Kx antigen requires the support of specialized transfusion institutions because of the risk of transfusion complications. Acanthocytosis of red blood cells occurs in almost all patients. Nonhematological manifestations of MLS are very similar to those of VPS13A disease (chorea-acanthocytosis), an autosomal-recessive condition. Their shared phenotype apart from acanthocytosis includes movement disorders such as chorea and dystonia, epilepsy, peripheral neuropathy, and muscle involvement, typically with creatine kinase (CK) elevation, cardiomyopathy included. SUMMARY In this review, we describe the nonhematological manifestations of MLS in comparison with those of VPS13A disease. While there are many similarities, differences such as mode of inheritance, sex distribution, age at manifestation, severity of heart involvement, frequency of feeding dystonia or of involuntary head drops may help to distinguish these disorders in the clinic. Immunohematological demonstration of the McLeod-Kell phenotype or detection of pathogenic mutations of XK (or VPS13A, respectively) is the gold standard for distinction. "Neuroacanthocytosis" was often used as an overarching term, but is potentially misleading, as the term does not refer to a defined disease entity. Its use, if continued, must not prevent clinicians to seek a final diagnosis on the basis of molecular findings. The clinical similarity of MLS and VPS13A disease has long suggested some shared pathophysiology. Evidence for molecular interaction between XK, the McLeod protein, and chorein, the VPS13A gene product, has recently been put forward: XK forms a complex with chorein/VPS13A, a bulk lipid transporter located at various membrane contact sites. The exact role of XK in this complex needs to be further elucidated. Impairment of bulk lipid transport appears as the common denominator of both MLS and VPS13A disease. A variety of further conditions may in time be added to the "bulk lipid transport diseases," such as the recently recognized disorders caused by mutations in the VPS13B, VPS13C, and VPS13D genes. KEY MESSAGES (1) Patients diagnosed with the rare red cell McLeod phenotype (McLeod syndrome, MLS) require interdisciplinary collaboration of transfusion medicine specialists, neurologists, and cardiologists for both their hematological and nonhematological disease manifestations. (2) The phenotypical similarity of MLS and VPS13A disease, often leading to either confusion or insufficient diagnostic depth (under the label of "neuroacanthocytosis"), is based on interaction of the respective proteins, XK and chorein, within the cellular machinery for bulk lipid transport. (3) Overall, the term "bulk lipid transport diseases" seems useful for further research on a group of conditions that may not only share pathophysiology, but may also share treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Peikert
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht Kossel”, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht Kossel”, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Research Site Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock (CTNR), University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Adrian Danek
- Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
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Peikert K, Federti E, Matte A, Constantin G, Pietronigro EC, Fabene PF, Defilippi P, Turco E, Del Gallo F, Pucci P, Amoresano A, Illiano A, Cozzolino F, Monti M, Garello F, Terreno E, Alper SL, Glaß H, Pelzl L, Akgün K, Ziemssen T, Ordemann R, Lang F, Brunati AM, Tibaldi E, Andolfo I, Iolascon A, Bertini G, Buffelli M, Zancanaro C, Lorenzetto E, Siciliano A, Bonifacio M, Danek A, Walker RH, Hermann A, De Franceschi L. Therapeutic targeting of Lyn kinase to treat chorea-acanthocytosis. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:81. [PMID: 33941276 PMCID: PMC8091687 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01181-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chorea-Acanthocytosis (ChAc) is a devastating, little understood, and currently untreatable neurodegenerative disease caused by VPS13A mutations. Based on our recent demonstration that accumulation of activated Lyn tyrosine kinase is a key pathophysiological event in human ChAc cells, we took advantage of Vps13a−/− mice, which phenocopied human ChAc. Using proteomic approach, we found accumulation of active Lyn, γ-synuclein and phospho-tau proteins in Vps13a−/− basal ganglia secondary to impaired autophagy leading to neuroinflammation. Mice double knockout Vps13a−/− Lyn−/− showed normalization of red cell morphology and improvement of autophagy in basal ganglia. We then in vivo tested pharmacologic inhibitors of Lyn: dasatinib and nilotinib. Dasatinib failed to cross the mouse brain blood barrier (BBB), but the more specific Lyn kinase inhibitor nilotinib, crosses the BBB. Nilotinib ameliorates both Vps13a−/− hematological and neurological phenotypes, improving autophagy and preventing neuroinflammation. Our data support the proposal to repurpose nilotinib as new therapeutic option for ChAc patients.
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Kolakowski D, Kaminska J, Zoladek T. The binding of the APT1 domains to phosphoinositides is regulated by metal ions in vitro. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2020; 1862:183349. [PMID: 32407779 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chorein is a protein of the Vps13 family, and defects in this protein cause the rare neurodegenerative disorder chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc). Chorein is involved in the actin cytoskeleton organization, calcium ion flux, neuronal cell excitability, exocytosis and autophagy. The function of this protein is poorly understood, and obtaining this knowledge is a key to finding a cure for ChAc. Chorein, as well as the Vps13 protein from yeast, contains the APT1 domain. Our previous research has shown that the APT1 domain from yeast Vps13 (yAPT1v) binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) in vitro. In this study, we showed that although the APT1 domain from chorein (hAPT1) binds to PI3P it could not functionally replace yAPT1v. The hAPT1 domain binds, in addition to PI3P, to phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PI5P). The binding of hAPT1 to PI3P, unlike the binding of yAPT1v to PI3P, is regulated by the bivalent ions, calcium and magnesium. Regulation of PI3P binding via calcium is also observed for the APT1 domain of yeast autophagy protein Atg2. The substitution I2771R, found in chorein of patient suffering from ChAc, reduces the binding of the hAPT1 domain to PI3P and PI5P. These results suggest that the ability of APT1 domains to bind phosphoinositides is regulated differently in yeast and human protein and that this regulation is important for chorein function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Kolakowski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kaminska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Teresa Zoladek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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Muñoz-Braceras S, Tornero-Écija AR, Vincent O, Escalante R. VPS13A is closely associated with mitochondria and is required for efficient lysosomal degradation. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm036681. [PMID: 30709847 PMCID: PMC6398486 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.036681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the VPS13 family are associated with various human diseases. In particular, the loss of function of VPS13A leads to chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc), a rare neurodegenerative disease without available curative treatments. Autophagy has been considered a promising therapeutic target because the absence of VPS13A causes a defective autophagy flux. However, the mechanistic details of this deficiency are unknown. Here, we identified Rab7A as an interactor of one of the VPS13 family members in Dictyostelium discoideum and showed that this interaction is conserved between the human homologs VPS13A and RAB7A in HeLa cells. As RAB7A is a key player in endosome trafficking, we addressed the possible function of VPS13A in endosome dynamics and lysosome degradation. Our results suggest that the decrease in autophagy observed in the absence of VPS13A may be the result of a more general defect in endocytic trafficking and lysosomal degradation. Unexpectedly, we found that VPS13A is closely localized to mitochondria, suggesting that the role of VPS13A in the endolysosomal pathway might be related to inter-organelle communication. We show that VPS13A localizes at the interface between mitochondria-endosomes and mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum and that the presence of membrane contact sites is altered in the absence of VPS13A. Based on these findings, we propose that therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the endolysosomal pathway could be beneficial in the treatment of ChAc.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Muñoz-Braceras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Department of Experimental Models of Human Diseases, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad Autónoma Madrid (UAM), 28029-Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba R Tornero-Écija
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Department of Experimental Models of Human Diseases, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad Autónoma Madrid (UAM), 28029-Madrid, Spain
| | - Olivier Vincent
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Department of Experimental Models of Human Diseases, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad Autónoma Madrid (UAM), 28029-Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Escalante
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Department of Experimental Models of Human Diseases, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)/Universidad Autónoma Madrid (UAM), 28029-Madrid, Spain
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7
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Sukkar B, Hauser S, Pelzl L, Hosseinzadeh Z, Sahu I, Al-Maghout T, Bhuyan AAM, Zacharopoulou N, Stournaras C, Schöls L, Lang F. Inhibition of Lithium Sensitive Orai1/ STIM1 Expression and Store Operated Ca2+ Entry in Chorea-Acanthocytosis Neurons by NF-κB Inhibitor Wogonin. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 51:278-289. [PMID: 30453283 DOI: 10.1159/000495229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The neurodegenerative disease Chorea-Acanthocytosis (ChAc) is caused by loss-of-function-mutations of the chorein-encoding gene VPS13A. In ChAc neurons transcript levels and protein abundance of Ca2+ release activated channel moiety (CRAC) Orai1 as well as its regulator STIM1/2 are decreased, resulting in blunted store operated Ca2+-entry (SOCE) and enhanced suicidal cell death. SOCE is up-regulated and cell death decreased by lithium. The effects of lithium are paralleled by upregulation of serum & glucocorticoid inducible kinase SGK1 and abrogated by pharmacological SGK1 inhibition. In other cell types SGK1 has been shown to be partially effective by upregulation of NFκB, a transcription factor stimulating the expression of Orai1 and STIM. The present study explored whether pharmacological inhibition of NFκB interferes with Orai1/STIM1/2 expression and SOCE and their upregulation by lithium in ChAc neurons. METHODS Cortical neurons were differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells generated from fibroblasts of ChAc patients and healthy volunteers. Orai1 and STIM1 transcript levels and protein abundance were estimated from qRT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively, cytosolic Ca2+-activity ([Ca2+]i) from Fura-2-fluorescence, SOCE from increase of [Ca2+]i following Ca2+ re-addition after Ca2+-store depletion with sarco-endoplasmatic Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin (1µM), as well as CRAC current utilizing whole cell patch clamp recording. RESULTS Orai1 and STIM1 transcript levels and protein abundance as well as SOCE and CRAC current were significantly enhanced by lithium treatment (2 mM, 24 hours). These effects were reversed by NFκB inhibitor wogonin (50 µM). CONCLUSION The stimulation of expression and function of Orai1/STIM1/2 by lithium in ChAc neurons are disrupted by pharmacological NFκB inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Sukkar
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Hauser
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lisann Pelzl
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Zohreh Hosseinzadeh
- Technische Universität Dresden Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Dresden, Germany
| | - Itishri Sahu
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tamer Al-Maghout
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Nefeli Zacharopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Christos Stournaras
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ludger Schöls
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Vegetative and Clinical Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen,
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Pappas SS, Bonifacino J, Danek A, Dauer WT, De M, De Franceschi L, DiPaolo G, Fuller R, Haucke V, Hermann A, Kornmann B, Landwehrmeyer B, Levin J, Neiman AM, Rudnicki DD, Sibon O, Velayos-Baeza A, Vonk JJ, Walker RH, Weisman LS, Albin RL. Eighth International Chorea-Acanthocytosis Symposium: Summary of Workshop Discussion and Action Points. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y) 2017; 7:428. [PMID: 28224046 PMCID: PMC5313633 DOI: 10.7916/d8xd127w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chorea-Acanthocytosis (ChAc) is a rare hereditary neurological disorder characterized by abnormal movements, red blood cell pathology, and progressive neurodegeneration. Little is understood of the pathogenesis of ChAc and related disorders (collectively Neuroacanthocytosis). The Eighth International Chorea-Acanthocytosis Symposium was held in May 2016 in Ann Arbor, MI, USA, and focused on molecular mechanisms driving ChAc pathophysiology. Accompanying the meeting, members of the neuroacanthocytosis research community and other invited scientists met in a workshop to discuss the current understanding and next steps needed to better understand ChAc pathogenesis. These discussions identified several broad and critical needs for advancing ChAc research and patient care, and led to the definition of 18 specific action points related to functional and molecular studies, animal models, and clinical research. These action points, described below, represent tractable research goals to pursue for the next several years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel S. Pappas
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Juan Bonifacino
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Adrian Danek
- Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - William T. Dauer
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Neurology Service, VAAAHS, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Udall Centre, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mithu De
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lucia De Franceschi
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Robert Fuller
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Volker Haucke
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Johannes Levin
- Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Aaron M. Neiman
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ody Sibon
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Gronigen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan J. Vonk
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Gronigen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruth H. Walker
- Department of Neurology, James J. Peters VAMC, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lois S. Weisman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Roger L. Albin
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Neurology Service, VAAAHS, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Udall Centre, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- GRECC, VAAAHS, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,
- Michigan Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Shiokawa N, Nakamura M, Sameshima M, Deguchi A, Hayashi T, Sasaki N, Sano A. Chorein, the protein responsible for chorea-acanthocytosis, interacts with β-adducin and β-actin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 441:96-101. [PMID: 24129186 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc) is an autosomal, recessive hereditary disease characterized by striatal neurodegeneration and acanthocytosis, and caused by loss of function mutations in the vacuolar protein sorting 13 homolog A (VPS13A) gene. VPS13A encodes chorein whose physiological function at the molecular level is poorly understood. In this study, we show that chorein interacts with β-adducin and β-actin. We first compare protein expression in human erythrocyte membranes using proteomic analysis. Protein levels of β-adducin isoform 1 and β-actin are markedly decreased in erythrocyte membranes from a ChAc patient. Subsequent co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and reverse co-IP assays using extracts from chorein-overexpressing human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells, shows that β-adducin (isoforms 1 and 2) and β-actin interact with chorein. Immunocytochemical analysis using chorein-overexpressing HEK293 cells demonstrates co-localization of chorein with β-adducin and β-actin. In addition, immunoreactivity of β-adducin isoform 1 is significantly decreased in the striatum of gene-targeted ChAc-model mice. Adducin and actin are membrane cytoskeletal proteins, involved in synaptic function. Expression of β-adducin is restricted to the brain and hematopoietic tissues, corresponding to the main pathological lesions of ChAc, and thereby implicating β-adducin and β-actin in ChAc pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nari Shiokawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
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