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Ikenouchi H, Nozue K, Yamaguchi S, Miyamoto T, Ikeda K, Yamamoto N, Endo K. Enteral tube nutrition for geriatric post-stroke dysphagia evaluation (ENGE) score to evaluate the risk of dysphagia after acute ischemic stroke. J Neurol Sci 2023; 455:122801. [PMID: 37984105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2023.122801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) is a common complication after stroke. Early PSD prediction is essential for patient stratification for intensive oral intake rehabilitation. We aimed to develop a PSD prediction score using clinical data obtained at admission. METHODS We examined consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke between 2018 and 2019. The dysphagia status 14 days after admission was assessed using the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS). PSD was defined as FOIS 1-3, which represents tube-dependent nutrition. Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, we constructed the Enteral tube Nutrition for Geriatric post-stroke dysphagia Evaluation (ENGE) score. The discriminative performance of the ENGE score was analyzed by receiver operating curve analysis. The reproducibility of the ENGE score was validated using patient data in 2020. RESULTS PSD developed in 84 of 488 patients (median age 78 years; 57% males). The ENGE score ranged from 0 to 6, with 1 point assigned for older age (≥78 years), 1 for high premorbid modified Rankin Scale (mRS) (≥1), 3 for high NIHSS score (≥12), and 1 for low serum albumin (<3.0 mg/dl). The area under the curve (AUC) of the ENGE score for discriminating PSD was 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83-0.92), and a score of 3 or more had a higher positive likelihood ratio. In the validation cohort, the AUC of the ENGE score for PSD was 0.85 (95% CI 0.78-0.91), which was similar to the derivation cohort (p = 0.491). CONCLUSIONS The ENGE score predicts severe PSD after acute ischemic stroke with good reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Ikenouchi
- Division of Neurology, Sendai City Hospital, 1-1-1 Asuto-nagamachi, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 982-8502, Japan.
| | - Kei Nozue
- Division of Neurology, Sendai City Hospital, 1-1-1 Asuto-nagamachi, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 982-8502, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamaguchi
- Division of Neurology, Sendai City Hospital, 1-1-1 Asuto-nagamachi, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 982-8502, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Miyamoto
- Division of Neurology, Sendai City Hospital, 1-1-1 Asuto-nagamachi, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 982-8502, Japan
| | - Kensho Ikeda
- Division of Neurology, Sendai City Hospital, 1-1-1 Asuto-nagamachi, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 982-8502, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Division of Neurology, Sendai City Hospital, 1-1-1 Asuto-nagamachi, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 982-8502, Japan
| | - Kaoru Endo
- Division of Neurology, Sendai City Hospital, 1-1-1 Asuto-nagamachi, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 982-8502, Japan
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Martineau M, Kokabi E, Taiebi A, Lefebvre S, Pradier S, Jaÿ M, Tardy F, Leon A. Epidemiology and pathogenicity of M. equirhinis in equine respiratory disorders. Vet Microbiol 2023; 287:109926. [PMID: 38006720 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Mycoplasmas are pathogens involved in respiratory disorders of various animal hosts. In horses, Mycoplasma (M.) equirhinis is the species most frequently detected in clinical respiratory specimens, with a prevalence of 12-16%, but its clinical implication in equine respiratory disorders remains unclear. Here we screened 1948 clinical specimens for the presence of M. equirhinis. The samples were both tracheal washes (TW) and bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) collected by veterinarians in France in day-to-day work between 2020 and 2022. The samples were associated with a standardized form that served to collect key general and clinical information, such as horse age, breed, and living environment. M. equirhinis was detected using a combination of culture and post-enrichment PCR. Other diagnostic data included virology and bacteriology as well as neutrophil counts, when available. Prevalence of M. equirhinis was examined as a function of a clinical score based on four significant clinical signs (nasal discharge, cough, dyspnoea, and hyperthermia). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was run to identify risk factors for the presence of M. equirhinis, and comparative prevalence analysis was used to test for association with other bacteria and viruses. TW and BAL were analysed independently, as we found that TW samples were associated with a higher prevalence of M. equirhinis. As prevalence remained steady whatever the clinical score, M. equirhinis cannot be considered a primary pathogen. M. equirhinis was more frequently isolated in thoroughbreds and trotters and in horses living exclusively stabled compared to other horses or other living environments. M. equirhinis was never detected in BAL specimens with a 'normal' neutrophil count, i.e. 5%, suggesting it could be associated with an inflammatory response, similar to that observed in equine asthma. Prevalence of M. equirhinis was shown to increase in the presence of other bacteria such as Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (S. zoo) or viruses, and S. zoo load was higher in M. equirhinis-positive samples, suggesting a potential increase of clinical signs in the event of co-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Martineau
- LABÉO, Research Department, Saint-Contest, 14000 Caen, France; Univ of Caen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, F-14000 Caen, France; University of Lyon, Anses, VetAgro Sup, UMR Animal mycoplasmosis, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Elena Kokabi
- LABÉO, Research Department, Saint-Contest, 14000 Caen, France; Univ of Caen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Anis Taiebi
- LABÉO, Research Department, Saint-Contest, 14000 Caen, France; Univ of Caen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Stéphanie Lefebvre
- University of Lyon, Anses, VetAgro Sup, UMR Animal mycoplasmosis, 69007 Lyon, France
| | | | - Maryne Jaÿ
- University of Lyon, Anses, VetAgro Sup, UMR Animal mycoplasmosis, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Florence Tardy
- University of Lyon, Anses, VetAgro Sup, UMR Animal mycoplasmosis, 69007 Lyon, France.
| | - Albertine Leon
- LABÉO, Research Department, Saint-Contest, 14000 Caen, France; Univ of Caen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, F-14000 Caen, France.
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Muritala I, Bemji MN, Ozoje MO, Ajayi OL, Oluwayinka EB, Sonibare AO, James IJ, Ibeagha-Awemu EM. Comparative study of HA and HNB staining RT-LAMP assays for peste des petits ruminants virus detection in West African Dwarf goats. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:356. [PMID: 37821730 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03747-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) cause severe economic losses to many countries of the world where the disease is endemic. It has been targeted for global eradication by 2030 following the successful eradication of rinderpest in 2011. The proposed eradication program would benefit from efficient and relatively reliable diagnostic tools for early PPR virus (PPRV) detection. A total of 33 eight to 12 months old West African Dwarf (WAD) goats were used. Nineteen goats infected by commingling with two PPR virus-positive animals formed the infected group (PPRV-infected goats) while 14 non-infected goats formed the control group (CTG). The suitability of hydroxyl naphthol blue (HNB) staining of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) and haemagglutination (HA) assays was compared for their sensitivity to detect the PPRV in PPRV-infected goats and non-infected CTG. PPR disease severity in WAD goats at different days post infection (dpi) was evaluated by clinical scoring and haemagglutination titre (HAT). HNB staining RT-LAMP reaction and HA showed sensitivities of 100% and 73.68%, respectively, for PPRV detection. Expression of PPR clinical signs began from 3 dpi, attained peak at 5 dpi, thereafter showed irregular patterns till 24 dpi. Evaluation of HAT in PPRV-infected goats at 12 dpi ranged from 2 to 64 haemagglutination units (HAU), while CTG goats had 0 HAU. In conclusion, HA could be a good tool for rapid diagnosis of PPRV in a developing country setting. However, HNB staining RT-LAMP assay demonstrated high sensitivity for accurate diagnoses of PPRV and as an important diagnostic tool when precise phenotyping is desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismaila Muritala
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Martha N Bemji
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria.
| | - Michael O Ozoje
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Olusola L Ajayi
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Eniope B Oluwayinka
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Adekayode O Sonibare
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Ikechukwu J James
- Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Eveline M Ibeagha-Awemu
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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Taneja R, Singh AK, Sharma A, Taneja N, Raheja A. Validation study of new clinical scoring - "Apollo Clinical Scoring system" for bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis and comparison of outcome with standard "O'Leary-Sant score". Int Urogynecol J 2023:10.1007/s00192-023-05641-y. [PMID: 37642668 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-023-05641-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM Validation of the recently published newer clinical scoring system for bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis and comparison of the results with the pre-existing standard O'Leary-Sant score. INTRODUCTION The symptoms are our primary guide to disease severity analysis, treatment, and response monitoring. The combined ICSI/ICPI (O'Leary-Sant Interstitial Cystitis Symptom and Problem Index) consist of a four-item symptom and problem index focusing on urgency, frequency, nocturia, and pain. A new scale, assigning more weight to pain and nocturia and adding the domains of sexual dysfunction and psychological impact, has been published by one of the authors (El Khoudary et al. J Women's Health 2002. 18:1361-1368; 7). MATERIAL AND METHODS This is a prospective study conducted to validate a newer clinical scoring system, namedht e 'Apollo Clinical Scoring' (ACS) system for patients with bladder pain syndrome/ interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC), and to compare its outcome with the simultaneously applied standard O'Leary-Sant (OLS) score. Thirty-five patients of BPS/IC diagnosed using the ESSIC definition were enrolled in the study and followed for 6 months. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for test-retest reliability, and Cronbach's α for measure of internal consistency, were applied to both scoring systems. RESULTS Intraclass correlation coefficient for ACS was 0.715 and for OLS was 0.689. Cronbach's α for ACS was 0.736 and for OLS was 0.698. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that the recently devised Apollo Clinical Scoring (ACS) system for patients of BPS/IC is internally consistent and a reliable scoring system. When compared with OLS in parallel setting, the newer ACS appeared to be marginally better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Taneja
- Department of Urology and Robotic Surgery, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Room number 1019, New Delhi, 110070, India.
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Singh
- Department of Urology and Robotic Surgery, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Room number 1019, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Ankur Sharma
- Department of Urology and Robotic Surgery, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Room number 1019, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Nilesh Taneja
- Department of Urology and Robotic Surgery, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Room number 1019, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Apeksha Raheja
- Department of Urology and Robotic Surgery, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Room number 1019, New Delhi, 110070, India
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Iampietro M, Barron S, Duthey A, Horvat B. Mouse Models of Henipavirus Infection. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2682:137-147. [PMID: 37610579 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3283-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The Nipah and Hendra viruses, belonging to henipavirus genus, are recently emerged zoonotic pathogens that cause severe and often fatal, neurologic, and/or respiratory diseases in both humans and various animals. As mice represent a small animal model convenient to study viral infections and provide a well-developed experimental toolbox for analysis in immunovirology, we describe in this chapter a few basic methods used in biosafety 4 level (BSL4) conditions to study henipavirus infection in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Iampietro
- Immunobiology of Viral Infections, International Center for Infectiology Research-CIRI, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, University Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Branka Horvat
- Immunobiology of Viral Infections, International Center for Infectiology Research-CIRI, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, University Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France.
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Hamdi J, Bamouh Z, Jazouli M, Alhyane M, Safini N, Omari Tadlaoui K, Fassi Fihri O, El Harrak M. Experimental infection of indigenous North African goats with goatpox virus. Acta Vet Scand 2021; 63:9. [PMID: 33663573 PMCID: PMC7931584 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-021-00574-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Goatpox is a viral disease caused by infection with goatpox virus (GTPV) of the genus Capripoxvirus, Poxviridae family. Capripoxviruses cause serious disease to livestock and contribute to huge economic losses. Goatpox and sheeppox are endemic to Africa, particularly north of the Equator, the Middle East and many parts of Asia. GTPV and sheeppox virus are considered host-specific; however, both strains can cause clinical disease in either goats or sheep with more severe disease in the homologous species and mild or sub-clinical infection in the other. Goatpox has never been reported in Morocco, Algeria or Tunisia despite the huge population of goats living in proximity with sheep in those countries. To evaluate the susceptibility and pathogenicity of indigenous North African goats to GTPV infection, we experimentally inoculated eight locally bred goats with a virulent Vietnamese isolate of GTPV. Two uninfected goats were kept as controls. Clinical examination was carried out daily and blood was sampled for virology and for investigating the antibody response. After necropsy, tissues were collected and assessed for viral DNA using real-time PCR. Results Following the experimental infection, all inoculated goats displayed clinical signs characteristic of goatpox including varying degrees of hyperthermia, loss of appetite, inactivity and cutaneous lesions. The infection severely affected three of the infected animals while moderate to mild disease was noticed in the remaining goats. A high antibody response was developed. High viral DNA loads were detected in skin crusts and nodules, and subcutaneous tissue at the injection site with cycle threshold (Ct) values ranging from 14.6 to 22.9, while lower viral loads were found in liver and lung (Ct = 35.7 and 35.1). The results confirmed subcutaneous tropism of the virus. Conclusion Clinical signs of goatpox were reproduced in indigenous North African goats and confirmed a high susceptibility of the North African goat breed to GTPV infection. A clinical scoring system is proposed that can be applied in GTPV vaccine efficacy studies.
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Almojuela A, Hasen M, Zeiler FA. The Full Outline of UnResponsiveness (FOUR) Score and Its Use in Outcome Prediction: A Scoping Systematic Review of the Adult Literature. Neurocrit Care 2020; 31:162-175. [PMID: 30411302 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-018-0630-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Full Outline of UnResponsivness (FOUR) score is a neurological assessment score. Its theoretical benefit over preexisting scores is its evaluation of brainstem reflexes and respiratory pattern which may allow better assessment of patients with severe neurologic impairment. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to perform a scoping systematic review on the available literature for FOUR score and outcome prediction in critically ill patients. The primary outcome of interest was patient global outcome, as assessed by any of: mortality, modified Rankin Score, Glasgow Outcome Score, or any other functional or neuropsychiatric outcome. Information on interobserver reliability was also extracted. METHODS MEDLINE and five other databases were searched. Inclusion criteria were: humans, adults, and children; prospective randomized controlled trial; prospective cohort, cohort/control, case series, prospective, and retrospective studies. Two reviewers independently screened the results. Full texts for citations passing this initial screen were obtained. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to each article to obtain final articles for review. Results on adult populations are presented here. Data are reported following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. RESULTS The initial search yielded 1709 citations. Of those used, 49 were based on adult and 6 on pediatric populations. All but 8 retrospective adult studies were performed prospectively. Patient categories included traumatic brain injury, intraventricular hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, general/combined neurology and neurosurgery, post-cardiac arrest, medicine/general critical illness, and patients in the emergency department. A total of 9092 adult patients were studied. Fourteen studies demonstrated good interobserver reliability of the FOUR score. Nine studies demonstrated prognostic value of the FOUR score in predicting mortality and functional outcomes. Thirty-two studies demonstrated equivalency or superiority of the FOUR score compared to Glasgow Coma Score in prediction of mortality and functional outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The FOUR score has been shown to be a useful outcome predictor in many patients with depressed level of consciousness. It displays good inter-rater reliability among physicians and nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Almojuela
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
| | - M Hasen
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - F A Zeiler
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Clinician Investigator Program, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Mausset-Bonnefont AL, Cren M, Vicente R, Quentin J, Jorgensen C, Apparailly F, Louis-Plence P. Arthritis sensory and motor scale: predicting functional deficits from the clinical score in collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:264. [PMID: 31801618 PMCID: PMC6894222 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-2047-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model, inflammation readouts are usually quantified using operator-dependent clinical scoring systems, and no systematic relationship with functional deficits has been detected. In this study, we extensively quantified sensory and motor deficits in CIA mice during natural disease progression and therapeutic treatment. Then, we used these data to build a scale to predict functional deficits on the basis of the classical clinical score. Methods Using the CIA mouse model, we longitudinally screened multiple approaches to assess locomotion (open field test, Catwalk™), sensitivity (Von Frey, Hargreaves, static weight-bearing tests), and inflammation (skin temperature), and identified the most accurate tests to correlate sensory and motor deficits with disease severity, measured by clinical score. We then used these tests to characterize functional deficits in control (naïve and mice injected with complete Freund’s adjuvant) and CIA mice, either untreated or treated with methotrexate to prevent functional deficits. By mathematical approaches, we finally investigated the relationship between functional deficits and clinical score. Results We found that the functional disability scores obtained with the open field, Catwalk™, Hargreaves, and skin temperature tests significantly correlated with the clinical score in CIA mice, either untreated or treated with methotrexate. Mathematical correlation showed that motor deficits, robustly characterized by two different tests, were twice more responsive than thermal sensitivity deficits. Conclusion We propose the arthritis sensory and motor (ArthriSM) scale as a new theranostic tool to predict motor and sensory deficit based on the clinical score, in the experimental mouse model of CIA. This ArthriSM scale may facilitate the transfer of knowledge between preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maïlys Cren
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Rita Vicente
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Julie Quentin
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
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van Gulik EC, Welsink-Karssies MM, van den Berg JM, Schonenberg-Meinema D, Dolman KM, Barendregt AM, Nusman CM, Maas M, Kuijpers TW, Hemke R. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: magnetic resonance imaging of the clinically unaffected knee. Pediatr Radiol 2018; 48:333-340. [PMID: 29307035 PMCID: PMC5823947 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-017-4059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synovial thickening detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is present in a significant number of children with clinically inactive juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). OBJECTIVE To evaluate patient characteristics and disease activity parameters in a cohort of children with clinically inactive JIA, both with and without synovial thickening, in order to clarify the observed discrepancy between clinical and MRI assessments. MATERIALS AND METHODS We prospectively enrolled 52 clinically inactive JIA patients (median age 13.3 years, 63.5% girls) who underwent MRI of the knee as major target joint in JIA. Children were divided into two groups based on MRI outcome: group 1, with synovial thickening on MRI; and group 2, with no synovial thickening on MRI. We used the Juvenile Arthritis MRI Scoring system to evaluate synovial thickness. We compared patient characteristics and disease activity parameters between the groups. RESULTS Synovial thickening on MRI was present in 18 clinically inactive patients (group 1, 34.6%). The age was significantly lower for the patients in group 1 (median 10.7 versus 14.4, P=0.008). No significant differences were observed in any of the other patient characteristics nor the disease activity parameters tested. CONCLUSION Synovial thickening on MRI was present in nearly 35% of the children with clinically inactive JIA. Children with synovial thickening on MRI were significantly younger than those without. This might indicate that younger patients are at risk of subclinical disease activity and under-treatment, although the exact clinical relevance of synovial thickening on MRI has not been determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Charlotte van Gulik
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology (G1-213), Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands ,Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children’s Hospital AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mendy M. Welsink-Karssies
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children’s Hospital AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J. Merlijn van den Berg
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children’s Hospital AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dieneke Schonenberg-Meinema
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children’s Hospital AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Koert M. Dolman
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis West, Amsterdam, the Netherlands ,Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Reade, Amsterdam, the Netherlands ,Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis Oost, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anouk M. Barendregt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology (G1-213), Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands ,Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children’s Hospital AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte M. Nusman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology (G1-213), Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands ,Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children’s Hospital AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands ,Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis West, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mario Maas
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology (G1-213), Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Taco W. Kuijpers
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children’s Hospital AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Hemke
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology (G1-213), Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Braun BJ, Wrona J, Veith NT, Rollman M, Orth M, Herath SC, Holstein JH, Pohlemann T. Predictive value of clinical scoring and simplified gait analysis for acetabulum fractures. J Surg Res 2016; 206:405-410. [PMID: 27884336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fractures of the acetabulum show a high, long-term complication rate. The aim of the present study was to determine the predictive value of clinical scoring and standardized, simplified gait analysis on the outcome after these fractures. METHODS Forty-one patients with acetabular fractures treated between 2008 and 2013 and available, standardized video recorded aftercare were identified from a prospective database. A visual gait score was used to determine the patients walking abilities 6-m postoperatively. Clinical (Merle d'Aubigne and Postel score, visual analogue scale pain, EQ5d) and radiological scoring (Kellgren-Lawrence score, postoperative computed tomography, and Matta classification) were used to perform correlation and multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS The average patient age was 48 y (range, 15-82 y), six female patients were included in the study. Mean follow-up was 1.6 y (range, 1-2 y). Moderate correlation between the gait score and outcome (versus EQ5d: rs = 0.477; versus Merle d'Aubigne: rs = 0.444; versus Kellgren-Lawrence: rs = -0.533), as well as high correlation between the Merle d'Aubigne score and outcome were seen (versus EQ5d: rs = 0.575; versus Merle d'Aubigne: rs = 0.776; versus Kellgren-Lawrence: rs = -0.419). Using a multivariate regression model, the 6 m gait score (B = -0.299; P < 0.05) and early osteoarthritis development (B = 1.026; P < 0.05) were determined as predictors of final osteoarthritis. A good fit of the regression model was seen (R2 = 904). CONCLUSIONS Easy and available clinical scoring (gait score/Merle d'Aubigne) can predict short-term radiological and functional outcome after acetabular fractures with sufficient accuracy. Decisions on further treatment and interventions could be based on simplified gait analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt J Braun
- Department for Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Julian Wrona
- Department for Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Nils T Veith
- Department for Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Mika Rollman
- Department for Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Orth
- Department for Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Steven C Herath
- Department for Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Jörg H Holstein
- Department for Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tim Pohlemann
- Department for Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
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Tietz SM, Zwahlen M, Haghayegh Jahromi N, Baden P, Lazarevic I, Enzmann G, Engelhardt B. Refined clinical scoring in comparative EAE studies does not enhance the chance to observe statistically significant differences. Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:2481-2483. [PMID: 27469626 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201546272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Considering the 3R rules of animal experimentation, we asked if refined scoring of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice improves documentation of clinical EAE allowing to perform a more powerful statistical analysis. Surprisingly, refined EAE scoring failed to improve statistical outcome comparing the overall disease courses between two groups of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia M Tietz
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Zwahlen
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Pascale Baden
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ivana Lazarevic
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gaby Enzmann
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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12
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Khataby K, Kichou F, Loutfi C, Ennaji MM. Assessment of pathogenicity and tissue distribution of infectious bronchitis virus strains (Italy 02 genotype) isolated from moroccan broiler chickens. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:94. [PMID: 27277076 PMCID: PMC4898447 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0711-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Avian infectious bronchitis (IB) is one of the most important viral diseases of poultry, affecting chickens of all ages and causing major economic losses in poultry flocks. Mass vaccination is conducted in Morocco using a vaccine against Massachusetts, which is the most dominant serotype; however no information about the pathogenesis and tissue distribution of the Moroccan Italy 02 genotype was reported. 40 one-day-old specific pathogen free chickens were divided randomly into four groups. Group1, 2 and 3 were inoculated intra oculo-nasally with 103.5 EID50 of Italy02 viruses, and group 4 was kept as control. Chickens in each group were monitored for 14 days post-infection (pi). Results Chickens in all infected groups showed severe respiratory signs, which most of them have been reproduced on 2dpi, with varying times of appearance and disappearance. The infected birds appeared lethargic, reluctant to move, with specific respiratory clinical signs and macroscopic lesions. However no nephritis lesions or mortality were recorded in all groups. The specific histological lesions finding in all infected birds, exhibited tracheal lesions with mucosal thickening, hyperplasia of the surface epithelium, mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrate of lamina propria. Primary and secondary bronchi, epithelial hyperplasia and mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrate of the lamina propria were also observed. Tracheal lesions developed in all infected birds, confirm the ability of the three tested strains to induce respiratory disease. The results at 14 dpi also revealed that all strains were able to induce serological response. Virus re-isolation from infected organs and amplification of the viral RNA by real-time PCR proved the presence of the virus in lung and trachea of infected chicks. Neither re-isolation nor significant viral RNA detection were detected in the kidney. Conclusion The results demonstrated that the three strains Italy02 genotype emerging in Moroccan poultry farms have a wide distribution for respiratory system, without kidney damage and without causing mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Khataby
- Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology, Quality and Biotechnologies/Ecotoxicology & Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Mohammedia, Morocco.,Society Biopharma, Km 2, Route de Casa, B.P. 4569, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Faouzi Kichou
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Hassan 2nd Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, B.P. 6202, Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Chafiqa Loutfi
- Society Biopharma, Km 2, Route de Casa, B.P. 4569, Rabat, Morocco
| | - My Mustapha Ennaji
- Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology, Quality and Biotechnologies/Ecotoxicology & Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Mohammedia, Morocco.
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Matouk E, Nguyen D, Benedetti A, Bernier J, Gruber J, Landry J, Rousseau S, Ahlgren HG, Lands LC, Wojewodka G, Radzioch D. C-Reactive Protein in Stable Cystic Fibrosis: An Additional Indicator of Clinical Disease Activity and Risk of Future Pulmonary Exacerbations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 6:1000375. [PMID: 28066689 PMCID: PMC5218840 DOI: 10.4172/2161-105x.1000375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In stable adult cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, we assessed the role of baseline high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) on CF clinical variables and frequency of intravenous (IV) treated pulmonary exacerbations (PExs) 1-year post-baseline. METHODS We recruited 51 clinically stable CF patients from our Adult CF Center. We incorporated collected parameters into Matouk CF clinical score and CF questionnaire-revised quality of life score (QOL). We used the clinical minus complications subscores as a clinical disease activity score (CDAS). We dichotomized our patients according to the cohort median baseline hs-CRP of 5.2 mg/L. RESULTS Patients in the high hs-CRP group (≥ 5.2 mg/L) demonstrated worse CDAS (r=0.67, p=0.0001) and QOL scores (r=0.57, p=0.0017) at a given FEV1% predicted. In both hs-CRP groups, prior-year IV-treated PExs and baseline CDASs were significant predictors of future IV-treated PExs. Interestingly, the association between baseline CDAS and future PExs frequency was more robust in the high compared to the low hs-CRP group (r=-0.88, p<0.0001, r=-0.48, p=0.017, respectively) with a steeper regression slope (p=0.001). In addition, a significant interaction was demonstrated between elevated baseline hs-CRP levels and CDASs for the prediction of increased risk of future PExs (p=0.02). This interaction provided an additional indicator of clinical disease activity and added another dimension to the prior year PExs frequency phenotype to identify patients at increased risk for future PExs. CONCLUSION Stable CF patients with elevated baseline hs-CRP (≥ 5.2 mg/L) demonstrated worse clinical disease activity and QOL scores at a given level of disease severity (FEV1% predicted). Elevated baseline hs-CRP values combined with clinical disease activity scores are associated with increased risk for future IV-treated PExs even in those with mild clinical disease activity scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Matouk
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Clinic, Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University, Canada; McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Canada
| | - Dao Nguyen
- McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Canada; Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Canada
| | - Andrea Benedetti
- McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University Health Center, Canada
| | - Joanie Bernier
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Clinic, Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University, Canada
| | - James Gruber
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Clinic, Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Canada
| | - Jennifer Landry
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Clinic, Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University, Canada; McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Canada
| | - Simon Rousseau
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Canada; Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Canada
| | - Heather G Ahlgren
- McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Canada
| | - Larry C Lands
- McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Canada; Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Canada; Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Montreal Children's Hospital, Canada
| | - Gabriella Wojewodka
- Department of Human Genetics, Respiratory Division, McGill University, Canada; McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Canada
| | - Danuta Radzioch
- Department of Human Genetics, Respiratory Division, McGill University, Canada; McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Canada
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