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Geiderman JM, Moskop JC, Marco CA, Schears RM, Derse AR. Civility in Health Care: A Moral Imperative. HEC Forum 2024; 36:245-257. [PMID: 36547791 PMCID: PMC11070391 DOI: 10.1007/s10730-022-09501-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Civility is an essential feature of health care, as it is in so many other areas of human interaction. The article examines the meaning of civility, reviews its origins, and provides reasons for its moral significance in health care. It describes common types of uncivil behavior by health care professionals, patients, and visitors in hospitals and other health care settings, and it suggests strategies to prevent and respond to uncivil behavior, including institutional codes of conduct and disciplinary procedures. The article concludes that uncivil behavior toward health care professionals, patients, and others subverts the moral goals of health care and is therefore unacceptable. Civility is a basic professional duty that health care professionals should embrace, model, and teach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel M Geiderman
- Ruth and Harry Roman Emergency Department, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - John C Moskop
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
- General Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard Winston-Salem, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
| | - Catherine A Marco
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Penn State Health - Milton S. Hershey Medical Center,, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Raquel M Schears
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Arthur R Derse
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Center for Bioethics and Medical Humanities, Medical College of Wisconsin, Kern Institute for the Transformation of Medical Education, M1100, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3548, USA
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Gunasingha RM, Knudsen N, Scialla T, Shepherd A, Clay A. Vital Conversations: An Interactive Conflict Resolution Training Session for Fourth-Year Medical Students. MedEdPORTAL 2021; 17:11074. [PMID: 33511271 PMCID: PMC7830754 DOI: 10.15766/mep_2374-8265.11074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The AAMC has recognized the importance of effective teamwork and collaboration. One core Entrustable Professional Activity emphasizes creating a climate of mutual respect and trust and prioritizing team needs over personal needs, which leads to safe, timely, effective, efficient, and equitable patient care. Relationship conflicts, specifically, are associated with decreased productivity, complex information processing, and work satisfaction. Given the prevalence of conflict and its impact on health care workers, the lack of conflict resolution curricula in undergraduate medical education is surprising. We developed a curriculum formally introducing these skills and allowing practice in a simulated environment before students entered residency. METHODS Fourth-year medical students completed a conflict resolution exercise in a mandatory transition-to-residency course. Students completed online prework including reflection on teamwork and information on conflict resolution styles, participated in a simulated conflict with a standardized patient acting as a nurse, and afterward completed a self-evaluation with video review by the students' assigned coach and feedback on the session. RESULTS We collected complete responses from 108 students. We evaluated the curriculum for feasibility and acceptability by faculty and students. Most students agreed with faculty on their entrustment and milestone levels. Students found that the session prompted self-reflection and was a good review of conflict resolution. The standardized patient and faculty feedback was found to be the most useful by the students. DISCUSSION We successfully implemented a simulated but realistic conflict resolution exercise. Students found the exercise helpful in their preparation for residency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nancy Knudsen
- Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, and Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Timothy Scialla
- Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine
| | - Amanda Shepherd
- Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine
| | - Alison Clay
- Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, and Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine
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Courtain A, Glowacz F. 'Youth's Conflict Resolution Strategies in their Dating Relationships'. J Youth Adolesc 2019; 48:256-68. [PMID: 30238346 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-018-0930-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Youth can experience conflicts with their dating partner and then need strategies to solve such conflicts. Research is scarce regarding positive conflict resolution strategies in a dating context. Considering research on various interpersonal relationships (e.g. friendships, dating, marriage), the present study examined how dimensions of empathy, verbal skills and impulsivity can contribute to the use of positive conflict resolution strategies in dating relationships. The sample is made up of 813 youth attending secondary schools or a regional college (71.7% female, mean age = 18.9, age range 14.2-24.9). They completed self-administered questionnaires investigating positive conflict resolution strategies, as well as dimensions of empathy (i.e., fantasy, perspective-taking, empathic concern, and personal distress), verbal skills (similarities and figurative language) and impulsivity (positive urgency, negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking). The results reveal sex differences and developmental improvements on several factors. The findings showed that specific dimensions of empathy and verbal skills foster the use of positive conflict resolution strategies whereas specific dimensions of impulsivity and one dimension of empathy hamper it. Both sexes shared a common correlate: the propensity toward perspective-taking fostered the use of positive conflict resolution strategies. In addition to highlighting correlates of positive conflict resolution strategies in dating relationships, this study can contribute to programs dedicated to the promotion of healthy dating relationships among adolescents and emerging adults.
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Houser MM, Worzella G, Burchsted S, Marquez C, Domack T, Acevedo Y. Wellness Skills for Medical Learners and Teachers: Perspective Taking and Cognitive Flexibility. MedEdPORTAL 2018; 14:10674. [PMID: 30800874 PMCID: PMC6342363 DOI: 10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Wellness insufficiency is a widespread problem in medical training programs. Recent evidence reveals that one factor contributing to physician wellness is cognitive flexibility, defined as being able to hold multiple views or to reframe a thought, situation, or perspective. While cognitive flexibility is a neurologically based, teachable skill, there is little guidance as to how to build this skill in learners (and teachers). METHODS This workshop introduces the concept and relevance of cognitive flexibility as a wellness skill and then utilizes the novel methodology of reverse role-play through simulated stressful everyday encounters in medical education between teachers and learners. RESULTS This workshop successfully improved cognitive flexibility scores in a sample of 15 family medicine residents, according to measures on the Cognitive Flexibility Scale. DISCUSSION By incorporating cognitive flexibility and perspective-taking skill instruction, this resource has implications for reducing conflict and stress, as well as improving the wellness levels of medical students, residents, and faculty alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Marotta Houser
- Clinical Assistant Professor of Family Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine
- Community Family Physician, The Health Center, Plainfield, Vermont
| | - Gabrielle Worzella
- Fourth-Year Resident, Middlesex Hospital Family Medicine Residency Program
- Integrative Medicine Fellow, University of Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine
| | - Shelley Burchsted
- Fourth-Year Resident, Middlesex Hospital Family Medicine Residency Program
| | - Crystal Marquez
- Second-Year Resident, Middlesex Hospital Family Medicine Residency Program
| | - Teresa Domack
- Third-Year Resident, Middlesex Hospital Family Medicine Residency Program
| | - Yadira Acevedo
- Director of Medical Education, Middlesex Hospital
- Faculty, Middlesex Hospital Family Medicine Residency Program
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Amiri M, Sadeqi Z, Hoseinpoor MH, Khosravi A. Marital Satisfaction and Its Influencing Factors in Fertile and Infertile Women. J Family Reprod Health 2016; 10:139-145. [PMID: 28101115 PMCID: PMC5241358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine marital satisfaction and its influencing factors among fertile and infertile women in Shahroud. Materials and methods: In this comparative study, 1528 participants (511 infertile and1017 fertile women) were evaluated using Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale. Data were analyzed using chi-square and t-test. Results: A total of 1402 participants (78.7%) had high marital satisfaction. The results show that no significant differences exist between marital satisfaction, marital communication, conflict resolution and idealistic distortion in fertile and infertile women. However, a significant difference was observed between marital satisfaction, and job, spouse's job and income in fertile and infertile groups, but the place of residence, education, spouse's education and fertility status showed no significant difference. Conclusion: Results showed that infertility does not reduce marital satisfaction. Since marital satisfaction is moderate in both groups, sex education for people bound to marry and sexual counseling for couples can lead to improved sexual satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amiri
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences. Shahroud, Iran
| | - Zakieh Sadeqi
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Shahroud, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Khosravi
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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Calderón JL, Norris KC, Hardigan PC, Calderón LA, Hays RD. Case Study of an Unsustainable Community-Academic Partnership: Toward Core Standards for the Structure of Emerging Participatory Research. Ethn Dis 2015; 25:363-72. [PMID: 26673638 DOI: 10.18865/ed.25.3.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This report retrospectively examines the structure of an emerging community-academic participatory research (PR) partnership that was not sustainable, despite attempts to adhere to PR principles and demonstrable success in research outcomes. The influence of community and academic parent organizations on the PR process and outcomes is presented in the context of the Donabedian Model. We dissected the structural elements contributed by parent organizations to forming the structure of the PR partnership (memorandum of understanding, policy environment, human resources and effort, community and academic resources, expertise and experience, and funding) and explored the influence of potential and actual conflicts on the PR partnership's sustainability. The effect of potential and actual conflict on the PR process and quality of PR outcomes is discussed. Based on this, we conclude by proposing seven core standards for the establishment and development of emerging community-academic PR partnerships.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Calderón
- 1. University of California, Los Angeles Dept of Medicine/Division of General Internal Medicine & Health Services Research
| | - Keith C Norris
- 1. University of California, Los Angeles Dept of Medicine/Division of General Internal Medicine & Health Services Research
| | | | - Lorrin A Calderón
- 3. University of Akron Graduate School, Department of Curriculum and Instruction
| | - Ron D Hays
- 1. University of California, Los Angeles Dept of Medicine/Division of General Internal Medicine & Health Services Research
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