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Herrera Cano N, Andujar SA, Theoduloz C, Wunderlin DA, Santiago AN, Schmeda-Hirschmann G, Enriz RD, Feresin GE. Arylated analogues of cypronazole: fungicidal effect and activity on human fibroblasts. Docking analysis and molecular dynamics simulations. Nat Prod Bioprospect 2022; 12:9. [PMID: 35262798 PMCID: PMC8907375 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-022-00329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Triadimefon (TDM) and cyproconazole (CPZ) are two triazoles widely used as fungicides. Several azoles were synthesised starting from commercial TDM and CPZ. The compounds were evaluated against phytopathogenic filamentous fungi, including Aspergillus fumigatus (AF), A. niger (AN), A. ustus (AU), A. japonicus (AJ), A. terreus (AT), Fusarium oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea isolated from grapevine in the province of San Juan, Argentina. Three of the synthesised compounds (1-(Biphenyl-4-yloxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-one, 1; 2-(Biphenyl-4-yl)-3-cyclopropyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol, 3; 3-Cyclopropyl-2-(4'-fluorobiphenyl-4-yl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol1-yl)butan-2-ol, 4) presented remarkable in vitro fungicidal properties, with better effects than TDM and CPZ on some of the target fungi. Cytotoxicity was assessed using human lung fibroblasts MRC5. Derivative 1, with IC50 values of 389.4 µM, was less toxic towards MRC-5 human lung fibroblasts than commercial TDM (248.5 µM) and CPZ (267.4 µM). Docking analysis and molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the compounds present the same interaction in the binding pocket of the CYP51B enzyme and with the same amino acids as CPZ. The derivatives investigated could be considered broad-spectrum but with some selectivity towards imperfect fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natividad Herrera Cano
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, CONICET-CCT San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín1109 (O), 5400, San Juan, Argentina.
- ICYTAC, CONICET and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento, Química Orgánica, Ciudad Universitaria, Bv. Juan Filloy s/n, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Sebastian A Andujar
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia- IMIBIO-SL (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 915, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Cristina Theoduloz
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Daniel A Wunderlin
- ICYTAC, CONICET and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento, Química Orgánica, Ciudad Universitaria, Bv. Juan Filloy s/n, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana N Santiago
- INFIQC, CONICET and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento Química Orgánica, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya de La Torre S/N, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Ricardo D Enriz
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia- IMIBIO-SL (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 915, 5700, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Gabriela E Feresin
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, CONICET-CCT San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martín1109 (O), 5400, San Juan, Argentina
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