Assessment of Ex Vivo Antioxidative Potential of Murine HDL in Atherosclerosis

This chapter provides details on a simple and reproducible method used to determine the capacity of murine HDL to prevent the oxidation of LDL . The principle of the method is based on the rearrangement of double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids that occurs during the oxidation of human LDL , which generates a sigmoidal curve. The shape and length of the curve is modified in the presence of HDL , and such modifications are easily quantifiable by measuring the absorbance of conjugated dienes at 234 nm. The general technique described herein may be applied to evaluate the effect of HDL obtained from different experimental murine models of atherosclerosis.

Determination of the changes in sunflower oil during frying of leavened doughs using response surface methodology

In this study, the effect of dough salt content, frying temperature and time on the conjugated diene values, polymer triglyceride content, total polar material content, viscosity, and color values of the sunflower oil during frying of leavened doughs was determined using response surface methodology. Fifty repeated frying operations were applied in the same day at 160-200 °C for 1-5 min and doughs with 0-2% salt content. According to the results of the study, frying temperature, frying time and dough salt content were significantly (p < 0.05) affected total polar material content, polymer triglyceride content, viscosity and a* and b* color values of oil samples, whereas dough salt content did not affect the L* color values and conjugated diene value of oil significantly (p > 0.05). To minimize the oxidation products of frying oil, the frying process can be applied at 160 °C for 1 min using dough with 1.97% salt content.

Oxidizability assay of unfractionated plasma of patients' with different plasma profile: a methodological study

BACKGROUND

Present study describe the in vitro model of plasma oxidation of patients with different lipid profile, that can be correlated to their invivo plasma oxidizability in order to find the arterial diseases prone patient groups.

METHOD

The method applied here to measure the invitro plasma oxidizability, accounts a convenient way that can be well suited in any clinical laboratory settings. Un-fractionated plasma was exposed to CuSO4 (5.0 mmol/L), a pro-oxidant, and low frequency ultrasonic wave to induce oxidation, and finally oxidizability was calculated by TBARS and Conjugated Diene methods.

RESULT

In our study, plasma LDL greater than 150 mg/dL possess 1.75 times more risk to undergo oxidation (CI, 0.7774 to 3.94; p = 0.071) than the low LDL plasma, percent of oxidation increased from 38.3% to 67.1% for the LDL level upto 150 mg/dL and high. Lag phase, which is considered as the plasma antioxidative protection, was also influenced by the higher LDL concentration. The mean lag time was 65.27 ± 20.02 (p = 0.02 compared to healthy), where as for 94.71 ± 35.11 min for the normolipidemic subject. The plasma oxidizability was also changed drastically for total cholesterol level, oxidative susceptibility shown 35% and 55.02% for 200 mg/dL and high respectively, however it didn't appear as risk factor. Patient samples were also stratified according to their age, gender, and blood glucose level. Older persons (≥40 years) were 1.096 times (95% CL, 0.5607 to 2.141, p = 0.396) than younger (≤39 years age), males are 1.071 (95% CI, 0.5072- 2.264) times than the females, and diabetic patients are 1.091 (CI, 0.6153 to 1.934, p = 0.391) times in more risk than the non-diabetic counterpart.

CONCLUSION

This method addressing its easy applicability in biomedical research. And by this we were able to show that patients with high LDL (≥150 mg/dL) are in alarming condition besides diabetic and elderly (≥40 years age) males are considered to be susceptible and more prone to develop vascular diseases.