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Abdullah A, Hayashi Y, Morimura N, Kumar A, Ikenaka K, Togayachi A, Narimatsu H, Hitoshi S. Fut9 Deficiency Causes Abnormal Neural Development in the Mouse Cerebral Cortex and Retina. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:2793-2804. [PMID: 35753011 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03651-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
α1,3-Fucosyltransferase 9 (Fut9) is responsible for the synthesis of Lewis X [LeX, Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc] carbohydrate epitope, a marker for pluripotent or multipotent tissue-specific stem cells. Although Fut9-deficient mice show anxiety-related behaviors, structural and cellular abnormalities in the brain remain to be investigated. In this study, using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical techniques in combination, we clarified the spatiotemporal expression of Fut9, together with LeX, in the brain and retina. We found that Fut9-expressing cells are positive for Ctip2, a marker of neurons residing in layer V/VI, and TLE4, a marker of corticothalamic projection neurons (CThPNs) in layer VI, of the cortex. A birthdating analysis using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine at embryonic day (E)11.5, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine at E12.5, and in utero electroporation of a GFP expression plasmid at E14.5 revealed a reduction in the percentage of neurons produced at E11.5 in layer VI/subplate of the cortex and in the ganglion cell layer of the retina in P0 Fut9-/- mice. Furthermore, this reduction in layer VI/subplate neurons persisted into adulthood, leading to a reduction in the number of Ctip2strong/Satb2- excitatory neurons in layer V/VI of the adult Fut9-/- cortex. These results suggest that Fut9 plays significant roles in the differentiation, migration, and maturation of neural precursor cells in the cortex and retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Abdullah
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hayashi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan.
| | - Naoko Morimura
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikenaka
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Akira Togayachi
- Research Centre for Medical Glycoscience, Glycogene Function Team, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hisashi Narimatsu
- Research Centre for Medical Glycoscience, Glycogene Function Team, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Seiji Hitoshi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan.
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.
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Li L, Tang Y, Sun L, Yu J, Zhang S, Gong H, Webber HC, Zhang X, Hu Z, Li X, Rahman K, Shi X, Fu Z, Dai J, Cao G. Delineating the organization of projection neuron subsets in primary visual cortex with multiple fluorescent rabies virus tracing. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:951-61. [PMID: 33710409 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02250-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The impressive functions of the brain rely on an extensive connectivity matrix between specific neurons, the architecture of which is frequently characterized by one brain nucleus/region connecting to multiple targets, either via collaterals of the same projection neuron or several, differentially specified neurons. Delineating the fine architecture of projection neuron subsets in a specific brain region could greatly facilitate its circuit, computational, and functional resolution. Here, we developed multiple fluorescent rabies viruses (RV) to delineate the fine organization of corticothalamic projection neuron subsets in the primary visual cortex (V1). By simultaneously retrograde labeling multiple distinct subsets of corticothalamic projection neurons in V1 from their target nuclei in thalamus (dLGN, LP, LD), we observed that V1-dLGN corticothalamic projection neurons were densely concentrated in layer VI, except for several sparsely scattered neurons in layer V, while V1-LP and V1-LD corticothalamic projection neurons were localized to both layers V and VI. Meanwhile, we observed a fraction of V1 corticothalamic projection neurons targeting two thalamic nuclei, which was further confirmed by fMOST whole-brain imaging. The multiple fluorescent RV tracing tools can be extensively applied to resolve the architecture of projection neuron subsets in certain brain regions, with a strong potential to delineate the computational and functional organization of these brain regions.
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