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Venial HJ, Montoya A, Checa R, Miró G, Uzai GJS, da Silva MA, de Carvalho Nunes L, Silveira RL, de Carvalho ECQ. Investigation of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis Infection in Wild Mammals in Brazil. Acta Parasitol 2022; 67:648-657. [PMID: 34988857 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-021-00498-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Leishmaniasis are infectious and zoonotic diseases and present in cutaneous and visceral forms. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic and widely distributed throughout the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Several cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans and dogs associated with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis have been reported in the state. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of natural infection by Leishmania(Viannia) braziliensis in wild mammals found dead (by trampling or natural death) in the Sooretama Biological Reserve, Espírito Santo State. METHODS From January 2018 to December 2019, 60 animals were collected. Of these, 47 animals from 12 different species were analyzed. The results were demonstrated using descriptive analysis of the observations to calculate the absolute and relative frequencies of the data. RESULTS In the PCR, using specific primers for the genus Leishmania (D1, D2, and D3) and the species Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (ISVB/ISVC), 4 positive animals (8.5%) were detected: 1 Cuniculus paca (paca) (25%) and 3 Callithrix geoffroyi (white-faced marmoset) (25%). In the histopathological analysis, the parasitic amastigote form was not observed. CONCLUSIONS The natural infection, detected by PCR, by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in Cuniculus paca (paca) and Callithrix geoffroyi (white-faced marmoset) constitutes the first report of infection of this rodent and primate species in the literature. Despite the confirmation of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis infection in rodents and primates, the role of these species in the transmission of this zoonosis still needs further observational studies to identify their seasonal variation, transmissibility, infection stability, and the effects of a given parasite on the population and/or individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Jordem Venial
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário 16, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo, 29500-000, Brazil.
| | - Ana Montoya
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Checa
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Miró
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Maria Aparecida da Silva
- Department of Biology Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Louisiane de Carvalho Nunes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário 16, Guararema, Alegre, Espírito Santo, 29500-000, Brazil
| | - Renato Luiz Silveira
- Department of Morphology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eulógio C Queiroz de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, State University of the North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Abstract
Trichuriasis is the clinical disease of animals infected with the parasite of the genus Trichuris. This review attempts to present information on Trichuris spp. infestation in neo-tropical rodents that are utilized for meat consumption by humans. Neo-tropical rodents utilized for meat production can be divided into two categories: those that have been domesticated, which include the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus), and those that are on the verge of domestication, such as the capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), lappe (Cuniculus paca/Agouti paca), and agouti (Dasyprocta leporina). This document reviews the literature on the species of Trichuris that affects the rodents mentioned above, as well as the clinical signs observed. The literature obtained spans over sixty years, from 1951 to 2020. Trichuris spp. was found in these neo-tropical rodents mentioned. However, there is a dearth of information on the species of Trichuris that parasitize these animals. The capybara was the only rodent where some molecular techniques were used to identify a new species named T. cutillasae. In most cases, Trichuris spp. was found in combination with other endoparasites, and was found at a low prevalence in the lappe and guinea pig. The presence of Trichuris spp. ranged from 4.62-53.85% in the agouti, 4.21-10.00% in the lappe, 50% in the capybaras, and 1-31% in guinea pigs. Further work must be done towards molecular identification of various Trichuris spp. present in these rodents, as well as the clinical effect of infection on the performance of agouti, lappe, capybara, and guinea pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kegan Romelle Jones
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences (DBVS), School of Veterinary Medicine (SVM), Faculty of Medical Sciences (FMS), University of the West Indies (UWI), Mt. Hope Campus, Trinidad and Tobago;
- Department of Food Production (DFP), Faculty of Food and Agriculture (FFA), University of the West Indies (UWI), St. Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago
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Gallardo FFR, DeMatteo KE, Rinas MA, Argüelles CF. Heterologous microsatellite primers are informative for paca ( Cuniculus paca), a large rodent with economic and ecological importance. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:470. [PMID: 33028373 PMCID: PMC7542955 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05312-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to facilitate genetic studies that would allow information on population structure and genetic diversity of natural or captive stocks of paca (Cuniculus paca), a species of ecological and socioeconomic importance, by testing cross-amplification of 20 heterologous microsatellite primer pairs developed for guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) and capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris). RESULTS Those primers that showed the best amplification profile in blood samples were subsequently applied to scats and saliva samples, to evaluate their efficiency. Of the 13 microsatellite pairs that amplified in blood, one-third (32%) were successfully amplified in saliva and scat samples. This initial work demonstrates successful cross-amplification in paca providing a solid and promising foundation for future genetic studies with this species. The ability to quantify genetic diversity using noninvasive samples from free-ranging paca is essential to developing applied management strategies for this large neotropical rodent that is not only a prey favored by wide-ranging carnivores [e.g., jaguar (Panthera onca), puma (Puma concolor)], but is also a species targeted by illegal hunting and wildlife trade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco F Roldán Gallardo
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales, Departamento de Genética, Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNaM), Posadas, Misiones, Argentina.,Grupo de Investigación en Genética Aplicada (GIGA), Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS) - Nodo Posadas, UNaM - CONICET, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Karen E DeMatteo
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales, Departamento de Genética, Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNaM), Posadas, Misiones, Argentina.,Department of Biology & Environmental Studies, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,WildCare Institute at the Saint Louis Zoo, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Miguel A Rinas
- Ministerio de Ecología y Recursos Naturales Renovables, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Carina F Argüelles
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales, Departamento de Genética, Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNaM), Posadas, Misiones, Argentina. .,Grupo de Investigación en Genética Aplicada (GIGA), Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS) - Nodo Posadas, UNaM - CONICET, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina.
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Bittencourt-Oliveira F, Teixeira P, Alencar A, Menezes R, Corrêa C, Neves L, Almeida F, Daipert-Garcia D, Machado-Silva JR, Rodrigues-Silva R. First parasitological, histopathological and molecular characterization of Echinococcus vogeli Rausch and Bernstein, 1972 from Cuniculus paca Linnaeus, 1766 in the Cerrado biome (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil). Vet Parasitol 2017; 250:35-39. [PMID: 29329621 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic echinococcosis (PE) is caused by Echinococcus vogeli metacestodes (larval stage) in Neotropical countries. E. vogeli is trophically-transmitted between predators bush dogs (Speothos venaticus) and prey pacas (Cuniculus paca). In Brazil, reported PE cases are restricted to the Amazon biome. In this study, metacestodes from a paca hunted in Mato Grosso do Sul state (Cerrado biome) were identified morphological and histopathological techniques and further confirmed by molecular testing (sequencing of cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene) for the first time. Images of the whole liver showed superficial bubble-like hepatic masses. The parasitological analysis revealed large hooks (41.3 ± 1.2 μm length/12.8 ± 0.8 μm width) and small hooks (33.0 ± 1.5 μm length/11.1 ± 1.2 μm width), consistent with E. vogeli. Microscopically, the liver showed protoscoleces, a thick laminated layer, fibrosis, and inflammatory infiltrate in the adventitial layer. The DNA sequencing confirmed E. vogeli with 99% homology with sequences deposited in the GenBank. In addition, this finding greatly extends the geographic range of animal polycystic echinococcosis into the Cerrado. It is likely to occur in new biomes, where bush dogs and pacas share a given area in a trophic relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Bittencourt-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Helminth Parasites of Vertebrates, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IOC/Fiocruz-RJ), Av. Brasil 4.365, Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo Teixeira
- Acre Federal Institute (IFAC), Av. Coronel Brandão 1622, 69930-000, Xapuri, Acre, Brazil
| | - Alba Alencar
- Laboratory of Helminth Parasites of Vertebrates, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IOC/Fiocruz-RJ), Av. Brasil 4.365, Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Menezes
- Zoonosis Service, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil 4.365, Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Christiane Corrêa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Biomedical Centre, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444/4 Floor, Vila Isabel, 20.511-070, Brazil; School of Medicine, Estácio de Sá University, Rua do Bispo, 83, 20261-063, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leandro Neves
- Laboratory of Helminth Parasites of Vertebrates, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IOC/Fiocruz-RJ), Av. Brasil 4.365, Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Almeida
- Laboratory of Helminth Parasites of Vertebrates, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IOC/Fiocruz-RJ), Av. Brasil 4.365, Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel Daipert-Garcia
- Laboratory of Helminth Parasites of Vertebrates, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IOC/Fiocruz-RJ), Av. Brasil 4.365, Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Machado-Silva
- Romero Lascasas Porto Laboratory of Helminthology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Biomedical Centre, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444/5 Floor, Vila Isabel, 20511-070, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosângela Rodrigues-Silva
- Laboratory of Helminth Parasites of Vertebrates, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IOC/Fiocruz-RJ), Av. Brasil 4.365, Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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