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Micheli L, Rajamoni J, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Rajagopalan P, Ghelardini C, Rajagopalan R. DDD-028: A potent, neuroprotective, non-opioid compound for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 95:129472. [PMID: 37690597 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a painful, chronic ailment that affects a large segment of diabetic population worldwide. Current medications such as pregabalin or duloxetine treat only the pain symptom associated with DN, but not the underlying nerve damage. DDD-028 (1) is a small molecule that displays potent pain-relieving activity in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rodent model of DN. Combined with other studies indicating that DDD-028 suppresses astrogliosis and nerve damage induced by the anti-cancer drug, paclitaxel, the present study suggests that DDD-028 would be useful as a disease modifying therapeutic in the treatment of DN. The 3-dimensional structure of DDD-028 was confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Micheli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Jagan Rajamoni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, St. Louis, One University Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
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Micheli L, Rajagopalan R, Lucarini E, Toti A, Parisio C, Carrino D, Pacini A, Ghelardini C, Rajagopalan P, Di Cesare Mannelli L. Pain Relieving and Neuroprotective Effects of Non-opioid Compound, DDD-028, in the Rat Model of Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathy. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:2008-2020. [PMID: 34312766 PMCID: PMC8608957 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-021-01069-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced neuropathy (CIN) is a major dose-limiting side effect of anticancer therapy that can compel therapy discontinuation. Inadequate analgesic efficacy of current pharmacological approaches requires the identification of innovative therapeutics and, hence, the purpose of this study is to conduct a preclinical evaluation of the efficacy of DDD-028, a versatile pentacyclic pyridoindole derivative, against paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain. In two separate experiments, DDD-028 was administered per os acutely (1-25 mg kg-1) or repeatedly (10 mg kg-1) in paclitaxel-treated rats. The response to mechanical noxious stimulus (paw pressure) as well as to non-noxious mechanical (von Frey) and thermal (cold plate) stimuli was investigated. Acute administration of DDD-028 induced a dose-dependent anti-neuropathic pain effect in all tests performed. Further, repeated daily treatment for 18 consecutive days (starting the first day of paclitaxel administration) significantly reduced the development of pain over time without the development of tolerance to the anti-hyperalgesic effect. Ex vivo analysis showed that DDD-028 was able to reduce oxidative damage of dorsal root ganglia as evidenced by the increase in the level of carbonylated proteins and the decrease in catalase activity. In the lumbar spinal cord, periaqueductal gray matter, thalamus, and somatosensory cortex 1, DDD-28 significantly prevented the activation of microglia and astrocytes. The pharmacodynamic study revealed that the pain-relieving effects of DDD-028 were fully blocked by both the non-selective nicotinic receptor (nAChR) antagonist mecamylamine and by the selective α7 nAChR antagonist methyllycaconitine. In conclusion, DDD-028 was active in reducing paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain after single or repeated administrations without tolerance development and displaying a double symptomatic and neuroprotective profile. DDD-028 could represent a valuable candidate for the treatment of CIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Micheli
- Department of Neuroscience, NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Psychology, Drug Research and Child HealthViale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Elena Lucarini
- Department of Neuroscience, NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Psychology, Drug Research and Child HealthViale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Toti
- Department of Neuroscience, NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Psychology, Drug Research and Child HealthViale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Carmen Parisio
- Department of Neuroscience, NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Psychology, Drug Research and Child HealthViale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Donatello Carrino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pacini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Psychology, Drug Research and Child HealthViale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Psychology, Drug Research and Child HealthViale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.
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