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Foltyn Zadura A, Memon AA, Stojanovich L, Perricone C, Conti F, Valesini G, Bogdanovic G, Hillarp A, Shoenfeld Y, Sundquist J, Leffler J, Svensson PJ, Trouw LA, Blom AM. Factor H Autoantibodies in Patients with Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Thrombosis. J Rheumatol 2015; 42:1786-93. [PMID: 26276971 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.150185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autoantibodies to complement factor H (FH) are associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, but can also be detected in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in patients positive for lupus anticoagulants and thus potentially antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). To our knowledge, no data are available on the association between the presence of FH autoantibodies in APS and clinical manifestations. METHODS We determined FH autoantibody levels using ELISA in 2 cohorts of patients with primary (PAPS) and secondary APS (SAPS) from Serbia and Italy, and an additional cohort including patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) from Sweden. RESULTS FH autoantibodies were detected in 13.7% of patients (n = 73) with PAPS and 30.3% of patients (n = 33) with SAPS in the Serbian cohort. FH autoantibody frequency in the Italian cohort was 33.3% (n = 15) and 36% (n = 25) in PAPS and SAPS, respectively. Both FH autoantibody levels and frequencies observed in both APS cohorts were significantly higher than in matched healthy controls (5%). Further, patients with PAPS with venous thrombosis in the Serbian cohort had significantly higher levels of FH autoantibodies. Therefore, we analyzed a dedicated Swedish thrombosis cohort and found that patients with FH autoantibody positivity had higher risk of VTE recurrence (HR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.3, p = 0.011) compared with the reference group of FH autoantibody-negative patients. CONCLUSION Overall, the data indicate that in patients with APS and recurrent venous thrombosis, there are increased levels of FH autoantibodies, a finding associated with poor clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Foltyn Zadura
- From the Department of Translational Medicine, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden; Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.A. Foltyn Zadura, MSc, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; A.A. Memon, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; L. Stojanovich, MD, PhD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; C. Perricone, MD; F. Conti, MD, PhD; G. Valesini, MD, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma; G. Bogdanovic, MD, PHD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; A. Hillarp, PhD, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital; Y. Shoenfeld, MD, PhD, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center; J. Sundquist, MD, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; J. Leffler, PhD, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia; P.J. Svensson, MD, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; L.A. Trouw, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; A.M. Blom, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University
| | - Ashfaque A Memon
- From the Department of Translational Medicine, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden; Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.A. Foltyn Zadura, MSc, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; A.A. Memon, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; L. Stojanovich, MD, PhD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; C. Perricone, MD; F. Conti, MD, PhD; G. Valesini, MD, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma; G. Bogdanovic, MD, PHD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; A. Hillarp, PhD, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital; Y. Shoenfeld, MD, PhD, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center; J. Sundquist, MD, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; J. Leffler, PhD, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia; P.J. Svensson, MD, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; L.A. Trouw, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; A.M. Blom, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University
| | - Ljudmila Stojanovich
- From the Department of Translational Medicine, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden; Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.A. Foltyn Zadura, MSc, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; A.A. Memon, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; L. Stojanovich, MD, PhD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; C. Perricone, MD; F. Conti, MD, PhD; G. Valesini, MD, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma; G. Bogdanovic, MD, PHD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; A. Hillarp, PhD, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital; Y. Shoenfeld, MD, PhD, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center; J. Sundquist, MD, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; J. Leffler, PhD, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia; P.J. Svensson, MD, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; L.A. Trouw, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; A.M. Blom, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University
| | - Carlo Perricone
- From the Department of Translational Medicine, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden; Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.A. Foltyn Zadura, MSc, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; A.A. Memon, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; L. Stojanovich, MD, PhD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; C. Perricone, MD; F. Conti, MD, PhD; G. Valesini, MD, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma; G. Bogdanovic, MD, PHD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; A. Hillarp, PhD, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital; Y. Shoenfeld, MD, PhD, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center; J. Sundquist, MD, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; J. Leffler, PhD, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia; P.J. Svensson, MD, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; L.A. Trouw, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; A.M. Blom, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University
| | - Fabrizio Conti
- From the Department of Translational Medicine, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden; Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.A. Foltyn Zadura, MSc, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; A.A. Memon, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; L. Stojanovich, MD, PhD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; C. Perricone, MD; F. Conti, MD, PhD; G. Valesini, MD, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma; G. Bogdanovic, MD, PHD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; A. Hillarp, PhD, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital; Y. Shoenfeld, MD, PhD, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center; J. Sundquist, MD, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; J. Leffler, PhD, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia; P.J. Svensson, MD, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; L.A. Trouw, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; A.M. Blom, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University
| | - Guido Valesini
- From the Department of Translational Medicine, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden; Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.A. Foltyn Zadura, MSc, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; A.A. Memon, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; L. Stojanovich, MD, PhD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; C. Perricone, MD; F. Conti, MD, PhD; G. Valesini, MD, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma; G. Bogdanovic, MD, PHD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; A. Hillarp, PhD, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital; Y. Shoenfeld, MD, PhD, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center; J. Sundquist, MD, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; J. Leffler, PhD, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia; P.J. Svensson, MD, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; L.A. Trouw, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; A.M. Blom, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University
| | - Gordana Bogdanovic
- From the Department of Translational Medicine, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden; Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.A. Foltyn Zadura, MSc, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; A.A. Memon, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; L. Stojanovich, MD, PhD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; C. Perricone, MD; F. Conti, MD, PhD; G. Valesini, MD, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma; G. Bogdanovic, MD, PHD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; A. Hillarp, PhD, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital; Y. Shoenfeld, MD, PhD, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center; J. Sundquist, MD, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; J. Leffler, PhD, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia; P.J. Svensson, MD, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; L.A. Trouw, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; A.M. Blom, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University
| | - Andreas Hillarp
- From the Department of Translational Medicine, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden; Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.A. Foltyn Zadura, MSc, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; A.A. Memon, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; L. Stojanovich, MD, PhD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; C. Perricone, MD; F. Conti, MD, PhD; G. Valesini, MD, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma; G. Bogdanovic, MD, PHD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; A. Hillarp, PhD, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital; Y. Shoenfeld, MD, PhD, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center; J. Sundquist, MD, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; J. Leffler, PhD, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia; P.J. Svensson, MD, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; L.A. Trouw, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; A.M. Blom, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- From the Department of Translational Medicine, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden; Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.A. Foltyn Zadura, MSc, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; A.A. Memon, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; L. Stojanovich, MD, PhD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; C. Perricone, MD; F. Conti, MD, PhD; G. Valesini, MD, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma; G. Bogdanovic, MD, PHD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; A. Hillarp, PhD, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital; Y. Shoenfeld, MD, PhD, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center; J. Sundquist, MD, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; J. Leffler, PhD, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia; P.J. Svensson, MD, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; L.A. Trouw, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; A.M. Blom, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University
| | - Jan Sundquist
- From the Department of Translational Medicine, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden; Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.A. Foltyn Zadura, MSc, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; A.A. Memon, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; L. Stojanovich, MD, PhD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; C. Perricone, MD; F. Conti, MD, PhD; G. Valesini, MD, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma; G. Bogdanovic, MD, PHD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; A. Hillarp, PhD, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital; Y. Shoenfeld, MD, PhD, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center; J. Sundquist, MD, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; J. Leffler, PhD, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia; P.J. Svensson, MD, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; L.A. Trouw, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; A.M. Blom, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University
| | - Jonatan Leffler
- From the Department of Translational Medicine, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden; Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.A. Foltyn Zadura, MSc, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; A.A. Memon, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; L. Stojanovich, MD, PhD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; C. Perricone, MD; F. Conti, MD, PhD; G. Valesini, MD, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma; G. Bogdanovic, MD, PHD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; A. Hillarp, PhD, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital; Y. Shoenfeld, MD, PhD, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center; J. Sundquist, MD, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; J. Leffler, PhD, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia; P.J. Svensson, MD, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; L.A. Trouw, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; A.M. Blom, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University
| | - Peter J Svensson
- From the Department of Translational Medicine, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden; Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.A. Foltyn Zadura, MSc, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; A.A. Memon, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; L. Stojanovich, MD, PhD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; C. Perricone, MD; F. Conti, MD, PhD; G. Valesini, MD, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma; G. Bogdanovic, MD, PHD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; A. Hillarp, PhD, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital; Y. Shoenfeld, MD, PhD, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center; J. Sundquist, MD, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; J. Leffler, PhD, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia; P.J. Svensson, MD, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; L.A. Trouw, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; A.M. Blom, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University
| | - Leendert A Trouw
- From the Department of Translational Medicine, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden; Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.A. Foltyn Zadura, MSc, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; A.A. Memon, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; L. Stojanovich, MD, PhD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; C. Perricone, MD; F. Conti, MD, PhD; G. Valesini, MD, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma; G. Bogdanovic, MD, PHD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; A. Hillarp, PhD, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital; Y. Shoenfeld, MD, PhD, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center; J. Sundquist, MD, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; J. Leffler, PhD, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia; P.J. Svensson, MD, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; L.A. Trouw, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; A.M. Blom, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University
| | - Anna M Blom
- From the Department of Translational Medicine, and Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden; Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center, Belgrade, Serbia; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy; Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.A. Foltyn Zadura, MSc, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; A.A. Memon, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; L. Stojanovich, MD, PhD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; C. Perricone, MD; F. Conti, MD, PhD; G. Valesini, MD, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma; G. Bogdanovic, MD, PHD, Internal Medicine, "Bezhanijska Kosa," University Medical Center; A. Hillarp, PhD, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Halland Hospital; Y. Shoenfeld, MD, PhD, Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center; J. Sundquist, MD, PhD, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital; J. Leffler, PhD, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia; P.J. Svensson, MD, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University; L.A. Trouw, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; A.M. Blom, PhD, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University.
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